Summary
Rice somatic chromosomes were completely identified and quantitatively mapped based on an image parameter, condensation pattern (CP), or a chromosomal density profile determined by imaging methods. The CP corresponds to the compactness of the chromatin fibers along the chromatid, which is characteristic in small plant chromosomes such as rice chromosomes at the mitotic pro-metaphase stage. The standard CP for every chromosome was obtained by averaging 60 CPs from 30 chromosome spreads. Each standard CP exhibited a characteristic pattern of the chromosome, which enabled it to be distinguished from the other chromosomes. An ideogram based on the numerical data and the standard CP was established. The chromosomal address was also determined based on the degree of condensation, and the fractional length of each chromosomal address was quantitatively presented.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen JT, Lai HC, Hwang YH, Chung MC, Wu HK (1982) Identification of rice reciprocal translocation and the location of lazy gene. Bot Bull Acad Sin 23:71–87
Chung MC, Wu HK (1987) Karyotype analysis of IR36 and two trisomic lines of rice. Bot Bull Acad Sin 28:289–304
Comings (1978) Mechanisms of chromosome banding and implications for chromosome structure. Annu Rev Genet 12:25–46
Fukui K (1985) Identification of plant chromosomes by image analysis method. The Cell (Tokyo) 17:145–149
Fukui K (1986a Comparison between Giemsa and orcein staining methods in rice chromosomes. La Kromosomo II-43–44:1398–1404
Fukui K (1986b) Standardization of karyotyping plant chromosomes by a newly developed chromosome image analyzing system (CHIAS). Theor Appl Genet 72:27–32
Fukui K (1988) Analysis and utility of chromosome information by using the chromosome image analyzing system, CHIAS. Bull Natl Inst Agrobiol Resour 4:153–176
Fukui K (1989) Application of image analysis methods in plant chromosome research. In: Hong Deyuan (ed) Plant chromosome research 1987. Academia Sinica, Beijing, pp 195–200
Fukui K, Ito K (1989) Computer simulation of the chromosome image of barley. Bull Natl Inst Agrobiol Resour 5:43–57
Fukui K, Mukai Y (1988) Condensation pattern as a new image parameter for identification of small chromosomes in plants. Jpn J Genet 63:359–366
Fukui K, Kakeda K, Iijima K, Ishiki K (1988) Computer-aided identification of rice chromosomes. Rice Genet Newslett 5:31–34
Hu CH (1958) Karyological studies in haploid rice II. Analysis of karyotype and somatic pairing. Jpn J Genet 33:296–301
Iijima K, Fukui K (1991) Investigation on the conditions for the image analysis of plant chromosomes. Bull Natl Inst Agrobiol Resour 6:1–60
Ishii K, Mitsukuri S (1960) Chromosome studies on Oryza. I. Somatic chromosomes of Oryza sativa L. Bull Res Coll Agric Vet Med Nihon Univ 2:44–53
Kamisugi Y, Fukui K (1990) Automatic karyotyping of plant chromosomes by imaging technique. BioTechniques 8:290–295
Khan SH (1975) A technique for staining rice chromosomes. Cytologia 40:595–598
Khush GS, Singh RJ, Sur SC, Librojo AL (1984) Primary trisomies of rice: origin, morphology, cytology, and use in linkage mapping. Genetics 107:141–163
Kurata N, Omura T (1978) Karyotype analysis in rice 1. A new method for identifying all chromosome pairs. Jpn J Genet 53:251–255
Kurata N, Iwata N, Omura T (1981a) Karyotype analysis in rice 2. Identification of extra chromosomes in trisomic plants and banding structure on some chromosomes. Jpn J Genet 56:41–50
Kurata N, Omura T, Iwata N (1981b) Studies on centromere, chromomere, and nucleolus in pachytene nuclei of rice, Oryza sativa, microsporocytes. Cytologia 46:791–800
Kuwada Y (1910) A cytological study of Oryza sativa L. Bot Mag Tokyo 26:267–281
Merrit JF, Burus JA (1974) Chromosome banding in Nicotiana otophora without denaturation and renaturation. J Hered 65:101–103
Murata M, Orton TJ (1984) G-band-like differentiation in mitotic pro-metaphase chromosome of celery. J Hered 75:225–228
Nandi HK (1936) The chromosome morphology, secondary association, and origin of cultivated rice. Jpn J Genet 33:315–336
Oka H, Wu HK (1988) Comparison of data on rice chromosomes presented by different authors. Rice Genet Newslett 5:34–41
Shastry SVS, Ranga Rao DR, Mistra RN (1960) Pachytene analysis in Oryza, I. Chromosome morphology in Oryza sativa. Indian J Genet Plant Breed 20:15–21
Wu HK, Chung MC, Chen MH (1985) Karyotype analysis of cultivar IR36. Rice Genet Newslett 2:54–57
Yanagisawa T, Tano S, Fukui K, Harada K (1990) Maker chromosomes commonly observed in the genus Glycine. Theor Appl Genet 81:606–612
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by F. Mechelke
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fukui, K., Iijima, K. Somatic chromosome map of rice by imaging methods. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 81, 589–596 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226723
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226723