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  • 1
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    The 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake of Central Chile, monitored by GPS (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-30
    Description: Large earthquakes produce crustal deformation that can be quantified by geodetic measurements, allowing for the determination of the slip distribution on the fault. We used data from Global Positioning System (GPS) networks in Central Chile to infer the static deformation and the kinematics of the 2010 moment magnitude (M(w)) 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake. From elastic modeling, we found a total rupture length of ~500 kilometers where slip (up to 15 meters) concentrated on two main asperities situated on both sides of the epicenter. We found that rupture reached shallow depths, probably extending up to the trench. Resolvable afterslip occurred in regions of low coseismic slip. The low-frequency hypocenter is relocated 40 kilometers southwest of initial estimates. Rupture propagated bilaterally at about 3.1 kilometers per second, with possible but not fully resolved velocity variations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vigny, C -- Socquet, A -- Peyrat, S -- Ruegg, J-C -- Metois, M -- Madariaga, R -- Morvan, S -- Lancieri, M -- Lacassin, R -- Campos, J -- Carrizo, D -- Bejar-Pizarro, M -- Barrientos, S -- Armijo, R -- Aranda, C -- Valderas-Bermejo, M-C -- Ortega, I -- Bondoux, F -- Baize, S -- Lyon-Caen, H -- Pavez, A -- Vilotte, J P -- Bevis, M -- Brooks, B -- Smalley, R -- Parra, H -- Baez, J-C -- Blanco, M -- Cimbaro, S -- Kendrick, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1417-21. doi: 10.1126/science.1204132. Epub 2011 Apr 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Geologie de l'Ecole Normale Superieure, UMR CNRS 8538, Paris, France. vigny@biotite.ens.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Tryptophan-accelerated electron flow through proteins (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-06-28
    Description: Energy flow in biological structures often requires submillisecond charge transport over long molecular distances. Kinetics modeling suggests that charge-transfer rates can be greatly enhanced by multistep electron tunneling in which redox-active amino acid side chains act as intermediate donors or acceptors. We report transient optical and infrared spectroscopic experiments that quantify the extent to which an intervening tryptophan residue can facilitate electron transfer between distant metal redox centers in a mutant Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin. Cu(I) oxidation by a photoexcited Re(I)-diimine at position 124 on a histidine(124)-glycine(123)-tryptophan(122)-methionine(121) beta strand occurs in a few nanoseconds, fully two orders of magnitude faster than documented for single-step electron tunneling at a 19 angstrom donor-acceptor distance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shih, Crystal -- Museth, Anna Katrine -- Abrahamsson, Malin -- Blanco-Rodriguez, Ana Maria -- Di Bilio, Angel J -- Sudhamsu, Jawahar -- Crane, Brian R -- Ronayne, Kate L -- Towrie, Mike -- Vlcek, Antonin Jr -- Richards, John H -- Winkler, Jay R -- Gray, Harry B -- DK19038/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jun 27;320(5884):1760-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1158241.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18583608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Azurin/*chemistry ; Copper/*chemistry ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; *Electrons ; Energy Transfer ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Models, Chemical ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phenylalanine/chemistry ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/chemistry ; Rhenium/chemistry ; Spectrum Analysis ; Thermodynamics ; Tryptophan/*chemistry ; Tyrosine/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Science-based wildlife disease response (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from aquatic environments (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 246 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This study reports the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of 144 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated from urban sewage and animal wastewaters using a Shiga toxin 2 gene variant (stx2)-specific DNA colony hybridization method. All the strains were classified as E. coli and belonged to 34 different serotypes, some of which had not been previously reported to carry the stx2 genes (O8:H31, O89:H19, O166:H21 and O181:H20). Five stx2 subtypes (stx2, stx2c, stx2d, stx2e and stx2g) were detected. The stx2, stx2c, stx2d and stx2e subtypes were present in urban sewage and stx2e was the only stx2 subtype found in pig wastewater samples. The stx2c and stx2g were more associated with cattle wastewater. One strain was positive for the intimin gene (eae) and five strains of serotypes were positive for the adhesin encoded by the saa gene. A total of 41 different seropathotypes were found. On the basis of occurrence of virulence genes, most non-O157 STEC strains are assumed to be low-virulence serotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.03.038
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salinity effects on water relations in Lycopersicon esculentum and its wild salt-tolerant relative species L. pennellii (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 83 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Cultivated tomato Lycopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill. cv. P-73 and its wild salt tolerant relative L. pennellii (Correll) D'Arcy accession PE-47, were grown during spring-summer 1989 under unheated plastic greenhouse conditions. Plants were submitted to two different salt treatments using 0 and 140 mM NaCI irrigation water. In both tomato species, salinity caused a proportionally larger reduction in leaf area than in leaf weight and, in L. esculentum, a proportionally larger decrease in stem weight than in leaf weight. Daily variations in leaf water potential (Ψ1) were fundamentally due to changes in the evaporative demand of the atmosphere. Reductions in Ψ1 due to salinity were consistent only in L. esculentum. In all the conditions studied, leaf turgor was maintained. Leaf conductance (g1)was higher in L. esculentum than in L. pennellii.Salinity induced a clear reduction in g1 levels in L. esculentum whereas, in L. pennellii, this reduction was noted only in May. In both species the Ψos (leaf osmotic potential at full turgor) levels were reduced by salinity. The bulk modulus of elasticity (E) and relative water content at turgor loss point (RWCtlp) were not affected by salinity. The RWCtlp values in L. pennellii seem to be controlled by E values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1991.tb02152.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Revision of the antigenic structure of genus Listeria (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 67 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: O-antigenic structure of genus Listeria was studied, using antisera (obtained from rabbits) against different O-antigens of reference strains of each serovar. The titres of sera were determined by agglutination using antigens of the same reference strains as well. Some differences from the actual scheme were found: serum antifactor-IX gave a lower titre than expected against antigens 4ab and 6b, while the titre observed against antigen 4b was higher than the expected in this case. Serum antifactor-VIII presented a higher titre than could be expected against antigen 6b. The strains of serovars 4d and 4e used in this experience were impossible to distinguish, and could have been classified in the same serovar. We could not obtain serum antifactor-XI factor from serovar 6b after several trials. From these differences we propose some modifications of the current antigenic scheme of genus Listeria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb13846.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water relations and osmotic adjustment in Lycopersicon esculentum and L. pennellii during short-term salt exposure and recovery (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 89 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Cultivated tomato Lycopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill. cv. P-73 and its wild salt-tolerant relative L. pennellii (Correll) D'Arcy accession PE-47 growing on silica sand in a growth chamber were exposed to 0, 70, 140 and 210 mM NaCl nutrient solutions 35 days after sowing. The saline treatments were imposed for 4 days, after which the plants were rinsed with distilled water. Salinity in L. esculentum reduced leaf area and leaf and shoot dry weights. The reductions were more pronounced when sodium chloride was removed from the root medium. Reduction in leaf area and weight in L. pennellii was only observed after the recovery period. In both genotypes salinity induced a progressive reduction in leaf water potential and leaf conductance. During the recovery period leaf water potential (ψ1) and leaf conductance (g1) reached levels similar to those of control plants in wild and cultivated species, respectively. Leaf osmotic potential at full turgor (ψos) decreased in the salt treated plants of both genotypes, whereas the bulk modulus of elasticity was not affected by salinity. Leaf water potential at turgor loss point (ψtlp) and relative water content at turgor loss point (RWCtlp) appeared to be controlled by leaf osmotic potential at full turgor (ψos) and by bulk modulus of elasticity, respectively. At lowest salinity, the wild species carried out the osmotic adjustment based almost exclusively on Cl− and Na+, with a marked energy savings. Under highest salinity, this species accommodate the stress through a higher expenditure of energy due to the contribution of organic solutes to the osmotic adjustment. The domesticated species carried out the osmotic adjustment based always on an important contribution of organic solutes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb05196.x
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