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  • 1
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    Insight into the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from Global Positioning System measurements in southeast Asia (2005)
    In:  Nature, Veldhoven, Kluwer, vol. 436, no. 7048, pp. 201-206, pp. B05312, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005
    Keywords: Earthquake ; Tsunami(s) ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Source parameters ; FROTH
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Transient Deformation in the Asal-Ghoubbet Rift (Djibouti) Since the 1978 Dyking Event : Is Deformation Controlled by Magma Supply Rates ? (2016)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: The Asal-Ghoubbet Rift (AG Rift) in Djibouti lies in the subaerial continuation of the Aden ridge system, thereby constituting a unique location to study rifting processes and mechanisms involved in continental break up and oceanic spreading. Continually upgraded and expanded geodetic technology has been used to record the 1978 Asal rifting event and post-diking deformation. In light of recent results obtained for the Manda Hararo–Dabbahu rifting event (2005–2010), we propose that the horizontal and vertical geodetic data can be modeled with a double source, involving a dyke-like inflation component aligned along the rift axis and a spherical pressure source located at mid-segment below the Fieale caldera. By revisiting the co-dyking data, we propose that the reservoir below Fieale could have fed, at least partially, the 1978 injection and the contemporaneous Ardoukôba eruption, and potentially induced local subsidence due to magma draining out of the central reservoir. As an alternative to previously proposed visco-elastic relaxation models, we re-interpret post-dyking observations using a purely elastic rheology. We determine the relative contribution of a mid-segment reservoir inflation and a dyke-like opening component, together with their respective time evolutions. Our results suggest that interactions between steadily accumulating tectonic strain and temporal variations in melt supply to the shallow magma plumbing system below the AG Rift may entirely explain the geodetic observations and that visco-elastic deformation processes played a minor role in the 30 years following the 1978 rifting event.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    Postseismic Relocking of the Subduction Megathrust Following the 2007 Pisco, Peru, Earthquake. (2016)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: Characterizing the time evolution of slip over different phases of the seismic cycle is crucial to a better understanding of the factors controlling the occurrence of large earthquakes. In this study, we take advantage of InSAR data and 3.5 years of continuous GPS (cGPS) measurements to determine inter-, co- and postseismic slip distributions in the region of the 2007, M w 8.0 Pisco, earthquake, Peru, using the same fault geometry and inversion method. Our interseismic model, based on pre-2007 campaign GPS data, suggests that the 2007 Pisco seismic slip occurred in a region strongly coupled before the earthquake while afterslip occurred in low coupled regions. Large afterslip occurred in the peripheral area of coseismic rupture in agreement with the notion that afterslip is mainly induced by co-seismic stress changes. The temporal evolution of the region of maximum afterslip, characterized by a relaxation time of about 2.3 years, is located in the region where the Nazca ridge is subducting, consistent with rate-strengthening friction promoting aseismic slip. We estimate a return period for the Pisco earthquake of about 230 years with an estimated aseismic slip that might account for about 50% of the slip budget in this region over the 0-50 km seismogenic depth range. A major result of this study is that the main asperity that ruptured during the 2007 Pisco earthquake relocked soon after this event.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
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    Seismicity during lateral dike propagation: Insights from new data in the recent Manda Hararo–Dabbahu rifting episode (Afar, Ethiopia) (2011)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2011-04-27
    Description: Seismicity released during lateral dike intrusions in the Manda Hararo–Dabbahu Rift (Afar, Ethiopia) provides indirect insight into the distribution and evolution of tensile stress along this magma-assisted divergent plate boundary. In this paper, 5 dike intrusions among the 14 that form the 2005–present rifting episode are analyzed with local and regional seismic data. During dike intrusions, seismicity migrates over distances of 10–15 km at velocities of 0.5–3.0 km/h away from a single reservoir in the center of the rift segment, confirming the analogy with a slow spreading mid-ocean ridge segment. Comparison with geodetic data shows that the reservoir is located 7 km down rift from the topographic summit of the axial depression. Dikes emplaced toward the north are observed to migrate faster and to be more voluminous than those migrating southward, suggesting an asymmetry of tension in the brittle-elastic lithosphere. Seismicity during dike injections is concentrated near the propagating crack front. In contrast, faults and fissures in the subsurface appear to slip or open aseismically coeval with the intrusions. The seismic energy released during dike intrusions in the Manda Hararo Rift appears to be primarily modulated by the local magnitude of differential tensile stress and marginally by the rate of stress change induced by the intrusion. The low level of seismic energy accompanying dike intrusions, despite their significant volumes, is likely an indicator of an overall low level of tension in the lithosphere of this nascent plate boundary.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    Interseismic coupling, segmentation and mechanical behavior of the central Chile subduction zone (2012)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2012-03-14
    Description: Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements carried out in Chile over the last two decades showed that an entire portion of the Nazca-South America subduction zone (38°S − 24°S) was locked over this period of time. The induced accumulation of elastic deformation in the upper-plate was not released until the recent Maule earthquake of 27 February 2010 (Mw 8.8) that ruptured the southern part of this section. Locking or coupling between the two plates varies both with depth and along strike. Here we use our own GPS data (an updated solution of our extended network in central Chile), combined with other published data sets, to quantify the spatial variations of the coupling that prevailed before the Maule earthquake. Using a simple elastic model based on the back-slip assumption, we show that coupling variations on the subduction plane are sufficient to explain the observed surface deformation, with no need of a sliver in central Chile. We identify four segments characterized by higher coupling and separated by narrow areas of lower coupling. This segmentation is in good agreement with historical and recent seismicity in Chile. In particular the narrow zones of lower coupling seem to have stopped most large seismic ruptures, including Maule's. These zones are often associated with irregular bathymetric or coastal features (fracture zones or peninsulas). Finally, coseismic and early post-seismic slip distribution of the Maule earthquake, occurring either in previously highly or weakly coupled zones, map a complex distribution of velocity-weakening and velocity-strengthening patches on the subduction interface.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
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    The 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake of Central Chile, monitored by GPS (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-30
    Description: Large earthquakes produce crustal deformation that can be quantified by geodetic measurements, allowing for the determination of the slip distribution on the fault. We used data from Global Positioning System (GPS) networks in Central Chile to infer the static deformation and the kinematics of the 2010 moment magnitude (M(w)) 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquake. From elastic modeling, we found a total rupture length of ~500 kilometers where slip (up to 15 meters) concentrated on two main asperities situated on both sides of the epicenter. We found that rupture reached shallow depths, probably extending up to the trench. Resolvable afterslip occurred in regions of low coseismic slip. The low-frequency hypocenter is relocated 40 kilometers southwest of initial estimates. Rupture propagated bilaterally at about 3.1 kilometers per second, with possible but not fully resolved velocity variations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vigny, C -- Socquet, A -- Peyrat, S -- Ruegg, J-C -- Metois, M -- Madariaga, R -- Morvan, S -- Lancieri, M -- Lacassin, R -- Campos, J -- Carrizo, D -- Bejar-Pizarro, M -- Barrientos, S -- Armijo, R -- Aranda, C -- Valderas-Bermejo, M-C -- Ortega, I -- Bondoux, F -- Baize, S -- Lyon-Caen, H -- Pavez, A -- Vilotte, J P -- Bevis, M -- Brooks, B -- Smalley, R -- Parra, H -- Baez, J-C -- Blanco, M -- Cimbaro, S -- Kendrick, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1417-21. doi: 10.1126/science.1204132. Epub 2011 Apr 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Geologie de l'Ecole Normale Superieure, UMR CNRS 8538, Paris, France. vigny@biotite.ens.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    A geodetic matched-filter search for slow slip with application to the Mexico subduction zone (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-08-24
    Description: Since the discovery of slow slip events, many methods have been successfully applied to model obvious transient events in geodetic time series, such as the widely used network strain filter. Independent seismological observations of tremors or low frequency earthquakes and repeating earthquakes provide evidence of low amplitude slow deformation but do not always coincide with clear occurrences of transient signals in geodetic time series. Here, we aim to extract the signal corresponding to slow slips hidden in the noise of GPS time series, without using information from independent datasets. We first build a library of synthetic slow slip event templates by assembling a source function with Green's functions for a discretized fault. We then correlate the templates with post-processed GPS time series. Once the events have been detected in time, we estimate their duration T and magnitude M w by modelling a weighted stack of GPS time series. An analysis of synthetic time series shows that this method is able to resolve the correct timing, location, T and M w of events larger than M w 6 in the context of the Mexico subduction zone. Applied on a real data set of 29 GPS time series in the Guerrero area from 2005 to 2014, this technique allows us to detect 28 transient events from M w 6.3 to 7.2 with durations that range from 3 to 39 days. These events have a dominant recurrence time of 40 days and are mainly located at the down dip edges of the M w 〉 7.5 SSEs.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    Revisiting Slow Slip Events occurrence in Boso Peninsula, Japan, combining GPS data and Repeating Earthquakes analysis. (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-06
    Description: Slow Slip Events (SSEs) regularly occur near the Boso Peninsula, central Japan. Their time of recurrence has been decreasing from 6.4 to 2.2 years from 1996 to 2014 [ Ozawa , 2014]. It is important to better constrain the slip history of this area, especially as models show that the recurrence intervals could become shorter prior to the occurrence of a large interplate earthquake nearby [ Matsuzawa et al. , 2010; Mitsui , 2015]. We analyse the seismic waveforms of more than 2,900 events (M≥1.0) taking place in the Boso Peninsula, Japan from 2004/04/01 to 2015/11/04, calculating the correlation and the coherence between each pair of events in order to define groups of repeating earthquakes. The cumulative number of repeating earthquakes suggests the existence of two slow slip events that have escaped detection so far. Small transient displacements observed in the time series of nearby GPS stations confirm these results. The detection scheme coupling Repeating Earthquakes and GPS analysis allow to detect small SSEs that were not seen before by classical methods. This work brings new informations on the diversity of SSEs and demonstrates that the SSEs in Boso area present a more complex history than previously considered.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    Change in seismicity along the Japan trench, 1990 - 2011, and its relationship with seismic coupling (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-05-18
    Description: We investigate the temporal evolution of the background seismicity rate related to the subduction of the Pacific plate in northeast Japan, at latitudes 34 o to 42 o , for the 1/1/1990 - 9/3/2011 period. Two declustering methods are used to identify robust features. We find that the dominant behaviour is a lowering down of activity, especially in the northern half of our studied area, where changes appear related to the cycle of M7.5+ earthquakes, in particular the 1968 Tokachi and the 1994 Sanriku earthquakes. Acceleration of background seismicity is observed offshore the Kanto region, and could mark a long term decoupling of the Pacific and the Philippine Sea plates over a 100 km-long segment along the Sagimi Trough, which cannot be simply explained by the earthquake cycle model. Our analysis further suggests that changes in background seismicity are plausibly related to changes in seismic coupling, and thus further strengthens the recent observation that seismic coupling does vary at the time scales of tens of years, for the Japanese subduction zone.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 10
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    Flow trajectories in analogue viscous orogenic wedges: Insights on natural orogens (2010)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2010-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-1951
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-3266
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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