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  • Articles  (24)
  • Springer  (24)
  • 1985-1989  (23)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
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  • Articles  (24)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 14 (1986), S. 29-35 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Fluorescent steroid probes ; steroid-protein interactions, energy alternation of n − π * and π − π * states (level crossing)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The physiologically important 3-keto-steroids are non-fluorescent or only weakly fluorescent in protic as well as in aprotic solvents. In contrast, the 4,6,8(14)-triene-3-one steroids are highly fluorescent in aqueous solution but they do not appreciably fluoresce in other solvents. Evidence is presented that the introduction of double bonds into the skeleton of the 3-keto-steroids leads to a decrease of the energy of the lowest π − π * state, bringing this level into the neighbourhood of the non-fluorescent n − π * state. As a consequence, for two states of approximately the same energy, relatively small perturbations such as those due to solvent interactions, protein binding and micelle formation, will then determine whether a system will fluoresce (π − π * state lowest) or not (n − π * state lowest). When the fluorescent 3-keto-steroids, having three conjugated double bonds, bind to proteins, the fluorescence intensity becomes almost zero, making these compounds useful as probes for steroid-protein interactions. This quenching of the fluorescence is explained by a decrease in energy of the n − π * state relative to the π − π * state of the steroids due to hydrophobic interactions with the proteins.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 10 (1967), S. 309-320 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die zytochemische Natur der Anreicherungsorte basischer Vitalfarbstoffe (Akridinorange, Nilblausulfat und Neutralrot) im Zytoplasma von Blutplättchen, Leukozyten, Mäuseaszites-Tumorzellen und Epithelzellen wurde untersucht. Dabei stellte sich heraus, daß bei allen untersuchten Zelltypen Phospholipoide oder Phospholipoproteide als Substrat der umschriebenen Farbstoffbindung in lysosomalen Zellstrukturen dienen. Die Supravitalfärbung mit basischen Farbstoffen ist demnach als zytochemischer Lipoidnachweis geeignet, wenn unter bestimmten Bedingungen und unter Einhaltung eines definierten Färbestadiums (Stadium der granulären oder vakuolären Farbstoffverteilung) beobachtet wird. Auf die methodischen Vorteile der Supravitalfärbung wird hingewiesen.
    Notes: Summary The cytochemical character of the substrat for basic vital dyes (acridine orange, nil blue sulfate, neutral red) has been studied in the cytoplasma of blood platelets, leucocytes, Ehrlich Ascites tumor cells and epithelial cells. It could be demonstrated that the vital dyes are bound to lysosomal phospholipids or phospholipoproteins in the different cell types. Supravital staining with basic dyes is therefore considered to be a useful method for identifying lipid material in cytology, provided defined conditions and stades of staining are observed. The advantages of the proposed method are discussed.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chronic treatment of rats with reserpine, isoproterenol, or a combination of these two agents has been suggested as a means to produce an experimental animal model for the chronic exocrinopathy cystic fibrosis. The effect of these treatments on glycoconjugate distribution in rat submandibular gland acinar cells was investigated by quantitative lectin cytochemistry. Significant changes in wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA), soy bean agglutinin (SBA) and concanavalin A (Con A) binding sites in the mucus granules were observed, but peanut agglutinin (PNA) binding was not significantly affected. The quantitative changes in glycoconjugates in the acinar cells of the submandibular gland could be a possible explanation for the increased binding of calcium by the intracellular mucus noted in previous studies on these animal models.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 517-520 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nicotine ; epinephrine ; cigarette smoking ; total forearm blood flow ; muscle blood flow ; plethysmography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 9 healthy subjects the effect of smoking one cigarette (nicotine content 0.9 mg) on blood pressure, heart rate and total and muscle blood flow in the forearm was measured. Blood flow was measured by a new noninvasive plethysmographic method that simultaneously gives quantitative data about total and muscle blood flow. Smoking the cigarette did not significantly affect blood pressure or heart rate. Total blood flow in the forearm did not change but the flow to the muscle was increased and resistance in this vascular bed was decreased. The pattern of haemodynamic changes in the forearm indicates that epinephrine may be the mediator of the circulatory effects of nicotine.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 1 (1986), S. 57-61 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The presence of phenylacetic acid (PAA) in an anaerobic swine manure digester was determined by gas chromatography of the butyl ester and confirmed by mass spectroscopy. PAA concentration increased during start-up of a digester and with low carbon, high nitrogen loading. Unlike acetate, propionate and butyrate, the concentration of PAA varied little through the day in a stable digester loaded once per day. The laboratory scale digester was loaded at 4 g of swine manure solids/liter digester volume per day. The retention time and temperature were 15 days and 37°C. PAA is a microbial intermediate which is produced by one group of anaerobic bacteria and converted to methane by other members of the bacterial community in the digester. As such, it may be a useful indicator of the relative metabolic activity of the bacterial groups and thus of the overall stability of the anaerobic process.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 334 (1989), S. 451-456 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 12.40.Aa ; 13.75.Gx
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The(q¯ q) creation and annihilation terms of the one-gluon-exchange Lagrangian are incorporated into the quark cluster model. A resonating group study of theπ N interaction within this extended model yields scattering phase shifts which are in qualitative agreement with experiment without any parameter adjustment.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Amplitudengewichtete Phasenstrukturation ; Elektrophorese ; Laserstreulichtverfahren ; Teilchengrößenbestimmung ; Zetapotential
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract With AWPS (Amplitude Weighted Phase Structuration), a new signal processing scheme is demonstrated for the simultaneous determination of zeta potentials and particle sizes. It allows the measurements of a small electrophoretic mobility in the presence of large particle diffusion and constant velocity, e. g. due to thermal convection. Laser light scattering techniques instead of the former methods determine electrophoretic velocity more objectively and precisely. The applicability of laser measurement techniques by analysis of the frequency spectrum is limited for particles ≪50 nm or very low potentials, because of the broadening of the spectral peak by Brownian motion. In contrast to AWPS a separation of the various kinds of collective motion is not possible. The presented results demonstrate that this separation is of considerable significance in the acquisition of reliable values. Additionally the novel signal processing scheme allows a significant increase in sensitivity and therefore the application of an oscillating field (50–100 Hz) with a very small field strength. The system is feasible for particle sizes in the range of a few nm up to several μm. Its high resolution allows experiments with low fields or with small zeta potentials, even in the critical particles size range of a few nanometers.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit AWPS (Amplitudengewichteter Phasenstrukturation) wird ein neues Signalverarbeitungssystem zur gleichzeitigen Bestimmung von Zetapotential und Partikelgröße vorgestellt. Es erlaubt die Messung geringer elektrophoretischer Beweglichkeiten in Gegenwart einer starken Diffusion der Partikel sowie einer überlagerten konstanten Geschwindigkeit, z. B. aufgrund eines Konvektionssthermes. Laserstreulichtverfahren anstatt der bisherigen Methoden bestimmen die elektrophoretische Geschwindigkeit objektiver und präziser. Die Anwendbarkeit der Lasertechniken, die über die Analyse des Frequenzspektrums arbeiten, ist begrenzt für Partikel ≪s50 nm oder sehr niedrige Potentiale, aufgrund der Verbreiterung des spektralen Peaks durch die Diffusionsbewegung. Im Gegensatz zu AWPS ist eine Auftrennung in die verschiedenen Komponenten der kollektiven Bewegung nicht möglich. Die vorgelegten Ergebnisse belegen, daß diese Auftrennung von beträchtlicher Bedeutung ist, um verläßliche Werte zu erhalten. Das neue Signalverarbeitungssystem ermöglicht zusätzlich einen bedeutenden Zuwachs an Empfindlichkeit und daher die Anwendung eines oszillierenden Feldes (50–100 Hz) mit sehr geringer Feldstärke. Das System ist anwendbar für Partikelgrößen im Bereich von wenigen nm bis zu einigen μm. Seine hohe Auflösung ermöglicht Experimente mit kleinen Feldern oder mit niedrigen Zetapotentialen, besonders im kritischen Teilchengrößenbereich von einigen Nanometern.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 69 (1987), S. 185-192 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The onset of EHD instabilities in nematic liquid crystals driven by parametric modulation is investigated starting with the one-dimensional linear model of Dubois-Violette. The superposition of a constant electric field with a dichotomous (stochastic or periodic) field as well as the superposition of two dichotomous stochastic fields (pregaussian noise) are considered in detail. The experimentally observed discontinuous behaviour of the threshold (direct transition towards chaos) above a critical strength of the driving field and the dependence of the threshold curve on the correlation time of the noise can be explained qualitatively. Experiments to complete the phase diagram are proposed.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: head injury ; uridine ; hypoxanthine ; xanthine ; ventriculostomy ; hydrocephalus ; lumbar spinal fluid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of head-injured patients reveals that the concentration of intraventricular xanthine is elevated and that of uridine is decreased relative to those of adult lumbar CSF. 2. No correlations were observed between CSF lactate and CSF hypoxanthine, xanthine, or uridine, suggesting that changes in purine metabolites and the pyrimidine nucleoside do not index similar cellular events as does lactic acid production. 3. Ventricular CSF from hydrocephalic infants had uridine and hypoxanthine concentrations not significantly different from those of normal adult lumbar CSF, but xanthine was significantly elevated. 4. Since uridine has anticonvulsant properties and is a crucial substrate for cerebral metabolism, it may be useful to evaluate this pyrimidine for use in the management of patients with head injury.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 35 (1989), S. 823-835 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein einfaches Modell zur umsatzkinetischen Beschreibung einer oberflächeninitiierten Kristallisation von Glaspulvern vorgestellt. Das Modell berücksichtigt die Korngröße der Glaspulver, eine konstante Verteilungsdichte von Oberflächenkristallkeimen sowie eine Temperaturerhöhung konstanter Heizrate während der Reaktion. Aus umsatzkinetischen Kurven (z. B. DTA-Kurven) von Glaspulvern unterschiedlicher Korngrößen lassen sich die Verteilungsdichte der Oberflächenkristallkeime sowie die Kristallwachstumsgeschwindigkeit abschätzen. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Modells werden am Beispiel der oberflächeninitiierten Kristallisation von Cordieritglaspulvern demonstriert.
    Abstract: Резюме Предложена кинетиче ская модель поверхностно-наведе нной кристаллизации стекол. На всем протяжении ре акции учитывались ра змер зерен порошкообразных сте кол, постоянная поверхностная плотн ость зерен и постоянн ое увеличение температ уры. Скорость роста кристаллов и плотнос ть поверхности центр ов кристаллизации могу т легко установлены н а основе полных кинети ческих кривых (напр. кр ивых ДТА) порошков с различным размером зерен. Показана непри менимость такой моде ли для случая первичной пов ерхностно-наведенно й кристаллизации поро шков стеклообразног о кордерита.
    Notes: Abstract A simple kinetic model of surface-induced glass crystallization is proposed. The grain size of glass powders, a constant density of surface nuclei and a steadily increasing temperature throughout the reaction are taken into account. The crystal growth rate and the density of surface nuclei can be estimated easily from overall kinetic curves (e.g. DTA curves) of powder of different grain size. The usefulness of the model is demonstrated in the case of the primary surface-induced crystallization of cordierite glass powders.
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