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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of the prodrug repirinast in healthy Caucasian volunteers after a single oral dose (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Pharmacokinetics ; Caucasians ; Repirinast ; Antiallergic drug ; single dose ; oral administration ; metabolite ; BAY w 8199
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of BAY w 8199, the active metabolite of the prodrug repirinast (BAY u 2372), has been investigated after oral administration of 150, 300 and 450 mg repirinast to twelve healthy male Caucasians. Plasma BAY w 8199 concentrations were very variable between subjects. The mean peak level (geom. mean; 1s-range) was 0.14 (0.08–0.25), 0.19 (0.13–0.29) and 0.24 (0.14–0.42) mg/l after the 150, 300 and 450 mg doses, respectively. Peak levels were reached 0.5–2.5 h after drug intake. Terminal half-lives were calculated as 5.9 h (150 mg), 8.0 h (300 mg) and 9.8 h (450 mg). The dose proportionality of the plasma profiles of BAY w 8199 and of its excretion in urine was demonstrated by testing several parameters. About 7.4% of each dose (calculated as BAY w 8199) was excreted in urine over 36 h. The renal clearance of about 27 l/h suggests that BAY w 8199 is excreted by tubular secretion in addition to glomerular filtration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266353
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical and biochemical determination of calcium in salivary glands of cat (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 100 (1993), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although feline salivary glands have been used in investigations on secretion and microlithiasis and both processes involve calcium, nothing is known about its distribution in these glands. Therefore we have demonstrated the presence of calcium by a histochemical technique using glyoxal bis(2-hydroxyanil) and a biochemical technique using dry ashing. The histochemical technique stained serous acinar cells weakly and rarely found mucous acinar cells strongly in the parotid gland, mucous acinar cells moderately to strongly and serous acinar cells weakly in the sublingual gland, and central and demilunar acinar cells moderately to strongly in the submandibular gland. The biochemical technique revealed less calcium in the parotid than in the submandibular and sublingual glands. Both techniques revealed a decrease of calcium in submandibular and sublingual glands following parasympathetic stimulation. The histochemical distribution of calcium, which corresponds to that of acinar secretory glycoprotein, and the loss of calcium following parasympathetic stimulation, which causes release of secretory granules, indicate the presence of calcium in secretory granules. The concentration of calcium in the different types of acinar cell corresponds to the acidity of the secretory glycoprotein and suggests that calcium is present as a cationic shield to allow the condensation of polyionic glycoprotein in secretory granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00572902
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action spectra of the light-growth response of Phycomyces (1991)
    Springer
    Planta 184 (1991), S. 498-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Action spectroscopy ; Blue light ; Light-growth response ; Phycomyces ; Sporangiophore
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The light-growth response of Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Burgeff) is a transient change in elongation rate of the sporangiophore caused by a change in light intensity. Previous investigators have found that the light-growth response has many features in common with phototropism; the major difference is that only the light-growth response is adaptive. In order to better understand the light-growth response and its relationship to phototropism, we have developed a novel experimental protocol for determining light-growth-response action spectra and have examined the effect of the reference wavelength and intensity on the shape of the action spectrum. The null-point action spectrum obtained with broadband-blue reference light has a small peak near 400 nm, a flat region from 430 nm to 470 nm, and an approximately linear decline in the logarithm of relative effectiveness above 490 nm. The shape of the action spectrum is different when 450-nm reference light is used, as has been shown previously for the phototropic-balance action spectrum. However, the action spectrum of the light-growth response differs from that for phototropic balance, even when the same reference light (450 nm) is used. Moreover, for the light-growth response, the relative effectiveness of 383-nm light decreases as the intensity of the 450-nm reference light increases; this trend is the opposite of that previously found for phototropic balance. The dependence of the lightgrowth-response action spectrum on the reference wavelength, its difference from the phototropic-balance action spectrum, and the reference-intensity dependence of the relative effectiveness at 383 nm may be attributable to dichroic effects of the oriented photoreceptor(s), and to transduction processes that are unique to the light-growth response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197898
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The microstructure of electrodeposited amorphous or microcrystalline Fe-P alloys (1990)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 81 (1990), S. 223-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dependent on $$\bar cFe_{1 - \bar c} P_{\bar c} $$ is produced through electrodeposition in three modifications: microcrystalline if $$0.01〈 \bar c〈 0.115$$ , amorphous if $$0.15〈 \bar c〈 0.28$$ and in a mixed state containing both components if $$0.115〈 \bar c〈 0.15$$ . The interpretation of results of large and small angle X-ray scattering, of measurements of the coercivity and of the mechanical density shows that the three modifications consist of two phases. The structure of the grain boundary phase in the microcrystalline alloys differs considerably from that of the amorphous phase. This arises from the dependence of the atomic volume on the average phosphorus content $$\bar c$$ . The volume fraction of the crystalline component decreases with increasing $$\bar c$$ up to $$\bar c \approx 0.15$$ . But even in alloys revealing X-ray patterns without any peaks coming from crystalline particles small angle X-ray scattering indicates the existence of metal-rich inclusions occupying some percent of the total volume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309352
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystallization of Fe1−x P x , 0.09≦x≦0.26 (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 86 (1992), S. 375-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystallization behaviour of about 60 samples of electrodeposited Fe1−x P x , 0.09〈x〈0.26, was investigated with DSC and X-ray diffraction. Several subsequenting transformations during heating at 10 K/min were identified. The corresponding transformation temperatures, reaction heats and reaction rates were measured. If the as-deposited samples contain metal-rich crystallites (microcrystalline and partly amorphous material) crystallization starts with primary precipitation of α-iron followed by polymorphous crystallization of Fe3P. In amorphous samples these two processes become less important compared with the eutectoid reaction the higher the phosphorus content. In a small concentration range around 19 at% P this transformation is the only one. Above this range the primary crystallization of Fe3P becomes more and more dominant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323730
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sealing of bore-holes in Si crystals by epitaxial overgrowth below 560° C (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 50 (1990), S. 583-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 81.10.D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) is applied to seal small bore-holes (diameter 250–400 μm) in Si crystals by lateral overgrowth. The overgrowth layers have a typical thickness of 20 μm, are mechanically stable and gas-tight. Using Ga as solvent for the LPE process the overgrowth can be performed at temperatures as low as 560°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323451
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering characteristics of 3-D discontinuity consisting of semiconductor sample filled in waveguide with gaps (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 14 (1993), S. 2155-2190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The scattering characteristics of 3-D discontinuity consisting of II-VI-epitaxial layer grown on lossy dielectric substrate inserted in the waveguide with gaps are investigated in detail by the method which combines the multimode network theory with the rigorous mode matching procedure. The experimental data verify the accuracy and the effectiveness of the present method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02096380
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und Reaktionen von 2-Arylhydrazono-2-cyan-N,N-dialkyl-acetamidinen (1991)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 122 (1991), S. 195-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: 5-Dialkylamino-2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles ; 4-Amino-2,6-dioxo-tetrahydropyrid-3-yl-pyridiniumchloride ; 2-Arylhydrazono-2-cyan-N-chloracetylacetamide ; Arylhydrazono-2-cyan-N,N-dialkylacetamidines ; Arylhydrazonomalononitriles ; 4-Imino-5-arylazo-6-dialkylamino-1,4-dihydropyrimidines ; 13C-NMR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The title compounds3 were synthesized by reaction of arlyhydrazono-malononitriles1 with secondary amines and used for subsequent cyclization reactions. Thus,3 undergoes cyclooxidation by treatment with CuSO4/pyridine to form the 5-dialkylamino-2-aryl-1,2,3-triazolo-4-carbonitriles4. From4 a and hydrazine hydrate/DMF the 4-(1,3,4-triazolyl-5)-1,2,3-triazole5 c is obtainable. The chloroacetylation of3 is accompanied by hydrolysis of the amino group to yield the arylhydrazono-N-chloracetyl cyanoacetamides6. The quaternisation of6 with pyridins is followed by the Thorpe cyclization to form the 4-amino-5-arylazo-6-hydroxy-3-pyridinio-pyrid-2-on-chlorides8, useful as cationic dyes. The reaction of3 with trichloroacetonitriles yields the 5-arylazo-4-imino-2-trichlormethyl-1,4-dihydropyrimidines10 a–c which can be converted into the 5-arylazo-2-hydrazino-pyrimidine derivatives10 d–f. From10 d the 6-phenylazo-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine derivative11 is obtainable. From3 and phenylisothiocyanate the 5-arylazo-4-imino-1,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-thiones12 arise. The structures were investigated by13C-NMR-spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00809365
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New concepts for process-relevant ultratrace analysis in semiconductor technology (1992)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 343 (1992), S. 782-787 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary For trace and ultratrace analysis a lot of analytical methods are available, most of them for elemental analyses. Goods acceptance tests and process control in the industries use elemental analyses to a large extent, too. By examples from semiconductor technology we demonstrate that pure elemental analysis is no longer sufficient in complex production sequences. Our examples include ion chromatographic and infrared spectroscopic investigations into silicon nitride passivation layers and boron-phosphorus-silicon-glasses, in which the analysis has to distinguish between “active” (detrimental) and “neutral” modifications of the same element, which is a special kind of “speciation analysis”. Furthermore we describe a sophisticated way of process control by “simulation analysis” (SA). By SA single production steps or whole process sequences are carefully simulated in the analytical lab. For the screening of metal impurities in cleaning solutions for semiconductors e.g. we show that SA can clearly identify the crucial species, while at the same time costs and time are saved for actual analyses and future developments as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00633567
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  • 10
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    Sealing of bore-holes in Si crystals by epitaxial overgrowth below 560� C (1990)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0947-8396
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0630
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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