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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: The high degree of similarity between the mouse and human genomes is demonstrated through analysis of the sequence of mouse chromosome 16 (Mmu 16), which was obtained as part of a whole-genome shotgun assembly of the mouse genome. The mouse genome is about 10% smaller than the human genome, owing to a lower repetitive DNA content. Comparison of the structure and protein-coding potential of Mmu 16 with that of the homologous segments of the human genome identifies regions of conserved synteny with human chromosomes (Hsa) 3, 8, 12, 16, 21, and 22. Gene content and order are highly conserved between Mmu 16 and the syntenic blocks of the human genome. Of the 731 predicted genes on Mmu 16, 509 align with orthologs on the corresponding portions of the human genome, 44 are likely paralogous to these genes, and 164 genes have homologs elsewhere in the human genome; there are 14 genes for which we could find no human counterpart.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mural, Richard J -- Adams, Mark D -- Myers, Eugene W -- Smith, Hamilton O -- Miklos, George L Gabor -- Wides, Ron -- Halpern, Aaron -- Li, Peter W -- Sutton, Granger G -- Nadeau, Joe -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Holt, Robert A -- Kodira, Chinnappa D -- Lu, Fu -- Chen, Lin -- Deng, Zuoming -- Evangelista, Carlos C -- Gan, Weiniu -- Heiman, Thomas J -- Li, Jiayin -- Li, Zhenya -- Merkulov, Gennady V -- Milshina, Natalia V -- Naik, Ashwinikumar K -- Qi, Rong -- Shue, Bixiong Chris -- Wang, Aihui -- Wang, Jian -- Wang, Xin -- Yan, Xianghe -- Ye, Jane -- Yooseph, Shibu -- Zhao, Qi -- Zheng, Liansheng -- Zhu, Shiaoping C -- Biddick, Kendra -- Bolanos, Randall -- Delcher, Arthur L -- Dew, Ian M -- Fasulo, Daniel -- Flanigan, Michael J -- Huson, Daniel H -- Kravitz, Saul A -- Miller, Jason R -- Mobarry, Clark M -- Reinert, Knut -- Remington, Karin A -- Zhang, Qing -- Zheng, Xiangqun H -- Nusskern, Deborah R -- Lai, Zhongwu -- Lei, Yiding -- Zhong, Wenyan -- Yao, Alison -- Guan, Ping -- Ji, Rui-Ru -- Gu, Zhiping -- Wang, Zhen-Yuan -- Zhong, Fei -- Xiao, Chunlin -- Chiang, Chia-Chien -- Yandell, Mark -- Wortman, Jennifer R -- Amanatides, Peter G -- Hladun, Suzanne L -- Pratts, Eric C -- Johnson, Jeffery E -- Dodson, Kristina L -- Woodford, Kerry J -- Evans, Cheryl A -- Gropman, Barry -- Rusch, Douglas B -- Venter, Eli -- Wang, Mei -- Smith, Thomas J -- Houck, Jarrett T -- Tompkins, Donald E -- Haynes, Charles -- Jacob, Debbie -- Chin, Soo H -- Allen, David R -- Dahlke, Carl E -- Sanders, Robert -- Li, Kelvin -- Liu, Xiangjun -- Levitsky, Alexander A -- Majoros, William H -- Chen, Quan -- Xia, Ashley C -- Lopez, John R -- Donnelly, Michael T -- Newman, Matthew H -- Glodek, Anna -- Kraft, Cheryl L -- Nodell, Marc -- Ali, Feroze -- An, Hui-Jin -- Baldwin-Pitts, Danita -- Beeson, Karen Y -- Cai, Shuang -- Carnes, Mark -- Carver, Amy -- Caulk, Parris M -- Center, Angela -- Chen, Yen-Hui -- Cheng, Ming-Lai -- Coyne, My D -- Crowder, Michelle -- Danaher, Steven -- Davenport, Lionel B -- Desilets, Raymond -- Dietz, Susanne M -- Doup, Lisa -- Dullaghan, Patrick -- Ferriera, Steven -- Fosler, Carl R -- Gire, Harold C -- Gluecksmann, Andres -- Gocayne, Jeannine D -- Gray, Jonathan -- Hart, Brit -- Haynes, Jason -- Hoover, Jeffery -- Howland, Tim -- Ibegwam, Chinyere -- Jalali, Mena -- Johns, David -- Kline, Leslie -- Ma, Daniel S -- MacCawley, Steven -- Magoon, Anand -- Mann, Felecia -- May, David -- McIntosh, Tina C -- Mehta, Somil -- Moy, Linda -- Moy, Mee C -- Murphy, Brian J -- Murphy, Sean D -- Nelson, Keith A -- Nuri, Zubeda -- Parker, Kimberly A -- Prudhomme, Alexandre C -- Puri, Vinita N -- Qureshi, Hina -- Raley, John C -- Reardon, Matthew S -- Regier, Megan A -- Rogers, Yu-Hui C -- Romblad, Deanna L -- Schutz, Jakob -- Scott, John L -- Scott, Richard -- Sitter, Cynthia D -- Smallwood, Michella -- Sprague, Arlan C -- Stewart, Erin -- Strong, Renee V -- Suh, Ellen -- Sylvester, Karena -- Thomas, Reginald -- Tint, Ni Ni -- Tsonis, Christopher -- Wang, Gary -- Wang, George -- Williams, Monica S -- Williams, Sherita M -- Windsor, Sandra M -- Wolfe, Keriellen -- Wu, Mitchell M -- Zaveri, Jayshree -- Chaturvedi, Kabir -- Gabrielian, Andrei E -- Ke, Zhaoxi -- Sun, Jingtao -- Subramanian, Gangadharan -- Venter, J Craig -- Pfannkoch, Cynthia M -- Barnstead, Mary -- Stephenson, Lisa D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1661-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Celera Genomics, 45 West Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. richard.mural@celera.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; Chromosomes/*genetics ; Chromosomes, Human/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genes ; Genetic Markers ; *Genome ; *Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred A/genetics ; Mice, Inbred DBA/genetics ; Mice, Inbred Strains/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity ; *Synteny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2002-10-05
    Description: Anopheles gambiae is the principal vector of malaria, a disease that afflicts more than 500 million people and causes more than 1 million deaths each year. Tenfold shotgun sequence coverage was obtained from the PEST strain of A. gambiae and assembled into scaffolds that span 278 million base pairs. A total of 91% of the genome was organized in 303 scaffolds; the largest scaffold was 23.1 million base pairs. There was substantial genetic variation within this strain, and the apparent existence of two haplotypes of approximately equal frequency ("dual haplotypes") in a substantial fraction of the genome likely reflects the outbred nature of the PEST strain. The sequence produced a conservative inference of more than 400,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms that showed a markedly bimodal density distribution. Analysis of the genome sequence revealed strong evidence for about 14,000 protein-encoding transcripts. Prominent expansions in specific families of proteins likely involved in cell adhesion and immunity were noted. An expressed sequence tag analysis of genes regulated by blood feeding provided insights into the physiological adaptations of a hematophagous insect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holt, Robert A -- Subramanian, G Mani -- Halpern, Aaron -- Sutton, Granger G -- Charlab, Rosane -- Nusskern, Deborah R -- Wincker, Patrick -- Clark, Andrew G -- Ribeiro, Jose M C -- Wides, Ron -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Loftus, Brendan -- Yandell, Mark -- Majoros, William H -- Rusch, Douglas B -- Lai, Zhongwu -- Kraft, Cheryl L -- Abril, Josep F -- Anthouard, Veronique -- Arensburger, Peter -- Atkinson, Peter W -- Baden, Holly -- de Berardinis, Veronique -- Baldwin, Danita -- Benes, Vladimir -- Biedler, Jim -- Blass, Claudia -- Bolanos, Randall -- Boscus, Didier -- Barnstead, Mary -- Cai, Shuang -- Center, Angela -- Chaturverdi, Kabir -- Christophides, George K -- Chrystal, Mathew A -- Clamp, Michele -- Cravchik, Anibal -- Curwen, Val -- Dana, Ali -- Delcher, Art -- Dew, Ian -- Evans, Cheryl A -- Flanigan, Michael -- Grundschober-Freimoser, Anne -- Friedli, Lisa -- Gu, Zhiping -- Guan, Ping -- Guigo, Roderic -- Hillenmeyer, Maureen E -- Hladun, Susanne L -- Hogan, James R -- Hong, Young S -- Hoover, Jeffrey -- Jaillon, Olivier -- Ke, Zhaoxi -- Kodira, Chinnappa -- Kokoza, Elena -- Koutsos, Anastasios -- Letunic, Ivica -- Levitsky, Alex -- Liang, Yong -- Lin, Jhy-Jhu -- Lobo, Neil F -- Lopez, John R -- Malek, Joel A -- McIntosh, Tina C -- Meister, Stephan -- Miller, Jason -- Mobarry, Clark -- Mongin, Emmanuel -- Murphy, Sean D -- O'Brochta, David A -- Pfannkoch, Cynthia -- Qi, Rong -- Regier, Megan A -- Remington, Karin -- Shao, Hongguang -- Sharakhova, Maria V -- Sitter, Cynthia D -- Shetty, Jyoti -- Smith, Thomas J -- Strong, Renee -- Sun, Jingtao -- Thomasova, Dana -- Ton, Lucas Q -- Topalis, Pantelis -- Tu, Zhijian -- Unger, Maria F -- Walenz, Brian -- Wang, Aihui -- Wang, Jian -- Wang, Mei -- Wang, Xuelan -- Woodford, Kerry J -- Wortman, Jennifer R -- Wu, Martin -- Yao, Alison -- Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- Zhang, Hongyu -- Zhao, Qi -- Zhao, Shaying -- Zhu, Shiaoping C -- Zhimulev, Igor -- Coluzzi, Mario -- della Torre, Alessandra -- Roth, Charles W -- Louis, Christos -- Kalush, Francis -- Mural, Richard J -- Myers, Eugene W -- Adams, Mark D -- Smith, Hamilton O -- Broder, Samuel -- Gardner, Malcolm J -- Fraser, Claire M -- Birney, Ewan -- Bork, Peer -- Brey, Paul T -- Venter, J Craig -- Weissenbach, Jean -- Kafatos, Fotis C -- Collins, Frank H -- Hoffman, Stephen L -- R01AI44273/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01AI48846/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01AI50687/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):129-49.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Celera Genomics, 45 West Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. robert.holt@celera.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364791" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/classification/*genetics/parasitology/physiology ; Biological Evolution ; Blood ; Chromosome Inversion ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; Computational Biology ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Digestion ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Enzymes/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Feeding Behavior ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Insect Proteins/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Insect Vectors/genetics/parasitology/physiology ; Malaria, Falciparum/transmission ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mosquito Control ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Plasmodium falciparum/growth & development ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Proteome ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2002-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cann, Howard M -- de Toma, Claudia -- Cazes, Lucien -- Legrand, Marie-Fernande -- Morel, Valerie -- Piouffre, Laurence -- Bodmer, Julia -- Bodmer, Walter F -- Bonne-Tamir, Batsheva -- Cambon-Thomsen, Anne -- Chen, Zhu -- Chu, J -- Carcassi, Carlo -- Contu, Licinio -- Du, Ruofu -- Excoffier, Laurent -- Ferrara, G B -- Friedlaender, Jonathan S -- Groot, Helena -- Gurwitz, David -- Jenkins, Trefor -- Herrera, Rene J -- Huang, Xiaoyi -- Kidd, Judith -- Kidd, Kenneth K -- Langaney, Andre -- Lin, Alice A -- Mehdi, S Qasim -- Parham, Peter -- Piazza, Alberto -- Pistillo, Maria Pia -- Qian, Yaping -- Shu, Qunfang -- Xu, Jiujin -- Zhu, S -- Weber, James L -- Greely, Henry T -- Feldman, Marcus W -- Thomas, Gilles -- Dausset, Jean -- Cavalli-Sforza, L Luca -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):261-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Specimen Banks ; *Cell Line ; Continental Population Groups/genetics ; DNA/genetics ; Databases, Factual ; Female ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *Lymphocytes ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2002-09-21
    Description: Persons with the autosomal recessive disorder Bloom syndrome are predisposed to cancers of many types due to loss-of-function mutations in the BLM gene, which encodes a recQ-like helicase. Here we show that mice heterozygous for a targeted null mutation of Blm, the murine homolog of BLM, develop lymphoma earlier than wild-type littermates in response to challenge with murine leukemia virus and develop twice the number of intestinal tumors when crossed with mice carrying a mutation in the Apc tumor suppressor. These observations indicate that Blm is a modifier of tumor formation in the mouse and that Blm haploinsufficiency is associated with tumor predisposition, a finding with important implications for cancer risk in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goss, Kathleen Heppner -- Risinger, Mary A -- Kordich, Jennifer J -- Sanz, Maureen M -- Straughen, Joel E -- Slovek, Lisa E -- Capobianco, Anthony J -- German, James -- Boivin, Gregory P -- Groden, Joanna -- CA63507/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA84291/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA88460/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- ES06096/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 20;297(5589):2051-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12242442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoma/genetics/pathology ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/*genetics ; Alleles ; Animals ; Bloom Syndrome/*genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA Helicases/*genetics ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; Genes, APC ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Heterozygote ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology ; Leukemia Virus, Murine ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/*genetics/virology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; RecQ Helicases ; Sister Chromatid Exchange
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2002-09-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gruber, Stephen B -- Ellis, Nathan A -- Scott, Karen K -- Almog, Ronit -- Kolachana, Prema -- Bonner, Joseph D -- Kirchhoff, Tomas -- Tomsho, Lynn P -- Nafa, Khedoudja -- Pierce, Heather -- Low, Marcelo -- Satagopan, Jaya -- Rennert, Hedy -- Huang, Helen -- Greenson, Joel K -- Groden, Joanna -- Rapaport, Beth -- Shia, Jinru -- Johnson, Stephen -- Gregersen, Peter K -- Harris, Curtis C -- Boyd, Jeff -- Rennert, Gad -- Offit, Kenneth -- R01CA81488/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 20;297(5589):2013.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12242432" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*genetics ; Alleles ; Animals ; Bloom Syndrome/genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*genetics ; DNA Helicases/*genetics ; Female ; Genes, APC ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Heterozygote ; Humans ; Israel ; Jews/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; New York ; RecQ Helicases ; Risk Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2002-02-09
    Description: The protein-protein interaction between leukocyte functional antigen-1 (LFA-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is critical to lymphocyte and immune system function. Here, we report on the transfer of the contiguous, nonlinear epitope of ICAM-1, responsible for its association with LFA-1, to a small-molecule framework. These LFA-1 antagonists bound LFA-1, blocked binding of ICAM-1, and inhibited a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) with potency significantly greater than that of cyclosporine A. Furthermore, in comparison to an antibody to LFA-1, they exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. These results demonstrate the utility of small-molecule mimics of nonlinear protein epitopes and the protein epitopes themselves as leads in the identification of novel pharmaceutical agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gadek, T R -- Burdick, D J -- McDowell, R S -- Stanley, M S -- Marsters, J C Jr -- Paris, K J -- Oare, D A -- Reynolds, M E -- Ladner, C -- Zioncheck, K A -- Lee, W P -- Gribling, P -- Dennis, M S -- Skelton, N J -- Tumas, D B -- Clark, K R -- Keating, S M -- Beresini, M H -- Tilley, J W -- Presta, L G -- Bodary, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Feb 8;295(5557):1086-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Genentech, One DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. trg@gene.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11834839" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemical ; synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Cyclosporine/pharmacology ; Dermatitis, Irritant/drug therapy ; Dinitrofluorobenzene ; Drug Design ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/immunology/pharmacology ; Immunosuppressive Agents/chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/chemistry/*immunology/*metabolism ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1/immunology/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Mimicry ; Mutagenesis ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thiophenes/*chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; beta-Alanine/analogs & derivatives/*chemical ; synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2002-04-27
    Description: Reports of substantial evidence for genetic linkage of schizophrenia to chromosome 1q were evaluated by genotyping 16 DNA markers across 107 centimorgans of this chromosome in a multicenter sample of 779 informative schizophrenia pedigrees. No significant evidence was observed for such linkage, nor for heterogeneity in allele sharing among the eight individual samples. Separate analyses of European-origin families, recessive models of inheritance, and families with larger numbers of affected cases also failed to produce significant evidence for linkage. If schizophrenia susceptibility genes are present on chromosome 1q, their population-wide genetic effects are likely to be small.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levinson, Douglas F -- Holmans, Peter A -- Laurent, Claudine -- Riley, Brien -- Pulver, Ann E -- Gejman, Pablo V -- Schwab, Sibylle G -- Williams, Nigel M -- Owen, Michael J -- Wildenauer, Dieter B -- Sanders, Alan R -- Nestadt, Gerald -- Mowry, Bryan J -- Wormley, Brandon -- Bauche, Stephanie -- Soubigou, Stephane -- Ribble, Robert -- Nertney, Deborah A -- Liang, Kung Yee -- Martinolich, Laura -- Maier, Wolfgang -- Norton, Nadine -- Williams, Hywel -- Albus, Margot -- Carpenter, Eric B -- DeMarchi, Nicola -- Ewen-White, Kelly R -- Walsh, Dermot -- Jay, Maurice -- Deleuze, Jean-Francois -- O'Neill, F Anthony -- Papadimitriou, George -- Weilbaecher, Ann -- Lerer, Bernard -- O'Donovan, Michael C -- Dikeos, Dimitris -- Silverman, Jeremy M -- Kendler, Kenneth S -- Mallet, Jacques -- Crowe, Raymond R -- Walters, Marilyn -- G9309834/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9810900/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- K24-MH64197/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- KO2-01207/PHS HHS/ -- MH 41953/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH 45390/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH 52537/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH61602/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01-MH57314/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH46289/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH46318/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 26;296(5568):739-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. dfl@mail.med.upenn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11976456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Alleles ; Australia ; Canada ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/*genetics ; Europe ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; *Genetic Linkage ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Pedigree ; Schizophrenia/ethnology/*genetics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2002-07-27
    Description: The compact genome of Fugu rubripes has been sequenced to over 95% coverage, and more than 80% of the assembly is in multigene-sized scaffolds. In this 365-megabase vertebrate genome, repetitive DNA accounts for less than one-sixth of the sequence, and gene loci occupy about one-third of the genome. As with the human genome, gene loci are not evenly distributed, but are clustered into sparse and dense regions. Some "giant" genes were observed that had average coding sequence sizes but were spread over genomic lengths significantly larger than those of their human orthologs. Although three-quarters of predicted human proteins have a strong match to Fugu, approximately a quarter of the human proteins had highly diverged from or had no pufferfish homologs, highlighting the extent of protein evolution in the 450 million years since teleosts and mammals diverged. Conserved linkages between Fugu and human genes indicate the preservation of chromosomal segments from the common vertebrate ancestor, but with considerable scrambling of gene order.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aparicio, Samuel -- Chapman, Jarrod -- Stupka, Elia -- Putnam, Nik -- Chia, Jer-Ming -- Dehal, Paramvir -- Christoffels, Alan -- Rash, Sam -- Hoon, Shawn -- Smit, Arian -- Gelpke, Maarten D Sollewijn -- Roach, Jared -- Oh, Tania -- Ho, Isaac Y -- Wong, Marie -- Detter, Chris -- Verhoef, Frans -- Predki, Paul -- Tay, Alice -- Lucas, Susan -- Richardson, Paul -- Smith, Sarah F -- Clark, Melody S -- Edwards, Yvonne J K -- Doggett, Norman -- Zharkikh, Andrey -- Tavtigian, Sean V -- Pruss, Dmitry -- Barnstead, Mary -- Evans, Cheryl -- Baden, Holly -- Powell, Justin -- Glusman, Gustavo -- Rowen, Lee -- Hood, Leroy -- Tan, Y H -- Elgar, Greg -- Hawkins, Trevor -- Venkatesh, Byrappa -- Rokhsar, Daniel -- Brenner, Sydney -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 23;297(5585):1301-10. Epub 2002 Jul 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 30 Medical Drive, Singapore 117609. saa1000@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Evolution, Molecular ; Exons ; Fish Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Gene Duplication ; Gene Order ; *Genome ; *Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Humans ; Introns ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Proteome ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Synteny ; Takifugu/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2002-03-30
    Description: Blood lymphocyte numbers, essential for the development of efficient immune responses, are maintained by recirculation through secondary lymphoid organs. We show that lymphocyte trafficking is altered by the lysophospholipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and by a phosphoryl metabolite of the immunosuppressive agent FTY720. Both species were high-affinity agonists of at least four of the five S1P receptors. These agonists produce lymphopenia in blood and thoracic duct lymph by sequestration of lymphocytes in lymph nodes, but not spleen. S1P receptor agonists induced emptying of lymphoid sinuses by retention of lymphocytes on the abluminal side of sinus-lining endothelium and inhibition of egress into lymph. Inhibition of lymphocyte recirculation by activation of S1P receptors may result in therapeutically useful immunosuppression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mandala, Suzanne -- Hajdu, Richard -- Bergstrom, James -- Quackenbush, Elizabeth -- Xie, Jenny -- Milligan, James -- Thornton, Rosemary -- Shei, Gan-Ju -- Card, Deborah -- Keohane, CarolAnn -- Rosenbach, Mark -- Hale, Jeffrey -- Lynch, Christopher L -- Rupprecht, Kathleen -- Parsons, William -- Rosen, Hugh -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):346-9. Epub 2002 Mar 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Merck Research Laboratories, Post Office Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11923495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*physiology ; Binding, Competitive ; CHO Cells ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/metabolism/pharmacology ; Ligands ; Lymph Nodes/cytology/drug effects ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphopenia/chemically induced ; *Lysophospholipids ; Mice ; Organophosphates/chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Organophosphonates/chemical synthesis/chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Propylene Glycols/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*agonists/metabolism ; *Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; Receptors, Lysophospholipid ; Sphingosine/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Spleen/cytology/drug effects ; Stereoisomerism ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2002-08-31
    Description: Constitutive Hedgehog (Hh) pathway activity is associated with initiation of neoplasia, but its role in the continued growth of established tumors is unclear. Here, we investigate the therapeutic efficacy of the Hh pathway antagonist cyclopamine in preclinical models of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Cyclopamine treatment of murine medulloblastoma cells blocked proliferation in vitro and induced changes in gene expression consistent with initiation of neuronal differentiation and loss of neuronal stem cell-like character. This compound also caused regression of murine tumor allografts in vivo and induced rapid death of cells from freshly resected human medulloblastomas, but not from other brain tumors, thus establishing a specific role for Hh pathway activity in medulloblastoma growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berman, David M -- Karhadkar, Sunil S -- Hallahan, Andrew R -- Pritchard, Joel I -- Eberhart, Charles G -- Watkins, D Neil -- Chen, James K -- Cooper, Michael K -- Taipale, Jussi -- Olson, James M -- Beachy, Philip A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 30;297(5586):1559-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12202832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Bicuculline/*therapeutic use ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cerebellar Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma/*drug therapy ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Trans-Activators/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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