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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 712-714 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: At the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory we are constructing an ECR ion source test facility for nuclear science as well as industrial applications experiments. For these purposes, a single-stage 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source has been designed and constructed. It features an axial magnetic field with a mirror ratio of up to six and a hexapole field produced by a simple Nd–Fe–B permanent magnet assembly. In order to enhance the ion confinement time, the source plasma volume has been enlarged as much as possible while still maintaining a high mirror ratio. This paper describes the design of the ion source, the extraction system and the test stand. First, operational experience and experimental results with an argon discharge are presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The ion source for the 1 MW National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS) is required to provide 35 mA of H− beam current (1 ms pulses at 60 Hz) at 65 keV with a normalized root-mean-square emittance of 〈0.2 pi mm mrad. The same ion source should be able to produce 70 mA of H−at 6% duty factor when the NSNS is upgraded to 2 MW of power. For this application, a radio-frequency driven, magnetically filtered multicusp source is being developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The design of this R and D ion source, which is equipped with a cesium dispenser-collar, a fast ion beam prechopper (rise times 〈100 ns) and a strong permanent-magnet insert for electron deflection, will be presented.© 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 877-879 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Multicusp ion sources are capable of producing positive and negative ions with good beam quality and low energy spread. The ion energy spread of multicusp sources has been measured by three different techniques. The axial ion energy spread has been reduced by introducing a magnetic filter inside the multicusp source chamber which adjusts the plasma potential distribution. The axial energy spread is further reduced by optimizing the source configuration. Values as low as 0.8 eV have been achieved. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1094-1096 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the purpose of neutral-lithium beam tokamak–plasma diagnostics we have developed a compact, high current (several tens of mA/cm2) 2.45-GHz electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) Li+ plasma ion source in coaxial geometry, coupled to a helium-buffered lithium feeding system working according to the heat pipe principle. The accel–decel-type ion extraction system features either seven holes or one single aperture. First experimental results for the extractable Li+ and He+ ions in both cw and pulsed-mode operations are presented.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 2285-2292 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Plasma-wall interaction and impurity transport processes in the outermost region of magnetically confined hot plasmas (the so-called plasma edge) must be well understood for successful development of future thermonuclear fusion reactors. To this goal, sufficiently detailed edge plasma diagnostics are in great demand. By injecting a fast Li beam into the edge plasma region, a great number of information can be obtained with excellent space and time resolution. This so-called Li-beam plasma spectroscopy gives access not only to edge plasma density profiles from the collisionally excited Li atoms, but also to the impurity concentration and temperature profiles via line emission induced by electron capture from the injected Li atoms by the impurity ions. Full utilization of all capabilities requires a reliable data base for the atomic collision processes involving injected Li atoms and plasma constituents (i.e., electrons, hydrogen ions, and relevant impurities in their various charge states), since a precise modeling of Li beam attenuation and excited-state composition has to be made for evaluating desired plasma properties from the related spectroscopical measurements. The most recent methodical improvement permits a fully consistent determination of absolute edge plasma density profiles by measuring only relative LiI line emission profiles. This is of special interest for investigating rapid edge plasma density fluctuations in connection with, e.g., ELMs, L-H mode transition, turbulence or edge cooling by impurity injection. This paper describes the capabilities of Li-beam edge plasma spectroscopy by way of illustrative examples from measurements at the tokamak experiment TEXTOR.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 989-991 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The upgrade of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) will require an ion source producing high intensity H− beams. The new LANSCE source in particular will need to generate 40 mA of H− beam current at a duty factor of 12% (1 ms pulse at 120 Hz). To achieve this, the present Los Alamos results were first reproduced employing a prototype surface conversion source similar to the existing LANSCE source. Using these results as a benchmark for further testing, it was discovered that by moving the filament cathode into the chamber's cusp-field, the H− ion yield was enhanced. Considering this result, two extension chambers were added with movable magnetic filters at each end of the source to further improve the H− beam current. In addition, construction has been started on a new prototype axial source which will enable more plasma ions to funnel across the filter field into the central region where the converter is located. Results of the magnetic filter operation as well as the new axial source design will be presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A low-cost, single-stage 5 GHz electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) multicharged ion source (MCIS) has been constructed for various atomic collision experiments. It features an axial magnetic field with a mirror ratio of up to five, and a magnetic hexapole field produced by a simple Nd–Fe–B permanent-magnet assembly. A disk probe axially mounted near the ECR resonance zone opposite to the ion extraction, and negatively biased with respect to the ECR plasma potential, permits reduction of the appropriate neutral feeding gas pressure by an order of magnitude, resulting in greatly improved ion charge state distributions, as normally offered by two-stage ECR–MCIS only. We present performance data for multicharged ion production from Ar and N2, including measured ion current emittances.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The low energy beam transport system (LEBT) for the National Spallation Neutron Source is required to transport 35 mA of a 65 keV H− ion beam from the ion source to the radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (RFQ) entrance with a normalized root-mean-square emittance 〈 0.15 pi mm mrad. At a later time, it is anticipated that this beam current will be increased to 70 mA. For this purpose a radio-frequency driven, magnetically filtered multicusp ion source is under development at LBNL. The H− beam extraction from the ion source is being simulated utilizing the three-dimensional (3D) computer code ARGUS. H− ion beam extraction from the ion source requires proper simulation of the extraction of both plasma electrons and the desired H− ions. The goal is to optimize the LEBT system so that the electrons are completely deflected between the first two electrodes and the desired H− beam is properly matched into the RFQ accelerator. The magnetic field in the extraction region is being optimized by using the 3D magnetic code OPERA3D. The performance of the all electrostatic LEBT for the transport of higher currents (〉70 mA) is discussed.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1398-1402 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Axial energy spread and useful beam current of positive ion beams have been carried out using a radio frequency (rf)-driven multicusp ion source. Operating the source with a 13.56 MHz induction discharge, the axial energy spread is found to be approximately 3.2 eV. The extractable beam current of the rf-driven source is found to be comparable to that of filament-discharge sources. With a 0.6 mm diameter extraction aperture, a positive hydrogen ion beam current density of 80 mA/cm2 can be obtained at a rf input power of 2.5 kW. The expected source lifetime is much longer than that of filament discharges. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The large number of different experiments performed at the 88 Inch Cyclotron requires great variety and flexibility in the production of ion beams. This flexibility is provided by the two high performance electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources, the LBL ECR and the AECR-U, which can produce beams of ions as light as hydrogen and as heavy as uranium. With these two sources, up to six different metals can be preloaded using two types of ovens. The ovens are mounted radially on the ion sources and inject the metal vapor though the open sextupole structure into the plasma chamber. For the superconducting ECR ion source VENUS, which is under construction at Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory, the use of radial ovens is no longer possible, because the magnetic structure is closed radially. Therefore, we are developing two new axial oven types for low and high temperature applications. Metal ion beam production in ECR ion sources using the oven technique is discussed. The design of the axial oven is presented. Finally, the efficiency of the axial oven is compared with the radial oven for the production of Ca. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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