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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small mass spectrometer probe for analyzing hydrogen ion species (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1480-1481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The characteristics of a small, water-cooled, 90° magnetic deflection mass spectrometer suitable for analyzing positive and negative hydrogen ion species is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138142
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lanthanum hexaboride tapered filament in a plasma source (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 655-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A directly heated lanthanum hexaboride tapered filament has been tested in a plasma generator. A uniform temperature distribution at 1820 K has been achieved. The heating and cooling power calculated from measured quantities are balanced. A maximum arc current of 80 A was obtained, limited only by the power supply and plasma generator. The corresponding hydrogen ion current density was 0.6 A/cm2 when the arc voltage was 80 V and the filament heater current was about 5 A. The filament was capable of emitting 100 A of current at an operating temperature of 1900 K. The estimated lifetime for this filament is 900 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138198
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of H− production in a magnetically filtered multicusp source (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 364-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Different techniques to increase the H− yield in a multicusp source have been investigated. It is shown that the extracted H− current can be enhanced by optimizing the discharge voltage, the neutral gas pressure, or by employing a magnetoelectrostatic containment scheme. A factor of 6 increase in H− output has been achieved by placing the extractor very close to the magnetic filter. It is also found that the extracted electron current is much reduced at this optimum geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138304
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of gas mixing on H− production in a multicusp source (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 2097-2100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The effect of gas mixing on volume H− production in a magnetically filtered multicusp source has been investigated. By applying the proper bias voltage on the plasma electrode, the addition of xenon or argon gases to a hydrogen discharge can enhance the H− yield. This increase in H− output is closely related to the increase in plasma electron density in the filter and extraction chamber regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138427
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Operation of a Dudnikov type Penning source with LaB6 cathodes (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 235-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The Dudnikov type Penning source has been operated successfully with low work function LaB6 cathodes in a cesium-free discharge. It is found that the extracted H− current density is comparable to that of the cesium-mode operation and H− current density of 350 mA/cm2 have been obtained for an arc current of 55 A. Discharge current as high as 100 A has also been achieved for short pulse durations. The H− yield is closely related to the source geometry and the applied magnetic field. Experimental results demonstrate that the majority of the H− ions extracted are formed by volume processes in this type of source operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139313
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of H− ions with addition of cesium or xenon to a hydrogen discharge in a small multicusp ion source (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 3424-3428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect on H− ion production by adding cesium or xenon to a hydrogen discharge, in a small magnetically filtered multicusp ion source, has been investigated. Addition of cesium vapor to the hydrogen discharge resulted in a factor of 16 increase in H− output relative to the uncesiated discharge for the same operating parameters. Likewise, the addition of xenon gas to a hydrogen discharge resulted in a factor of 2.7 increase in H− output over pure hydrogen operation at optimum H2 source pressure, while maintaining the same arc parameters. Operation of the source with the plasma electrode at optimum bias voltage was essential to obtain this result.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341498
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of H− production from a small multicusp ion source (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 531-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A small multicusp source has been developed to generate volume-produced H− ion beams in pulsed operation. To obtain high H− current densities (J−〉250 mA/cm2), this source requires relatively high gas pressure and high discharge power. Experiments have been conducted to improve the arc and gas efficiencies, the beam pulse shape, and the H− to electron ratio in the extracted beam by optimizing the filter magnetic field, the thickness and axial position of the extraction aperture in the plasma electrode, and by mixing xenon or other elements with hydrogen in the discharge. The biggest improvement is achieved by adding cesium to the source, resulting in a fivefold increase in the extractable H− current and a substantial drop in the e/H− ratio. In order to improve the lifetime of the cathode, both filament and coaxial type LaB6 cathodes have been developed and have been operated successfully in this H− source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140359
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    VUV laser absorption spectrometer system for measurement of H0 density and temperature in a plasma (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1363-1368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A system to determine the density and temperature of ground-state hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen plasma by measurement of the absorption of Lyman-beta or Lyman-gamma radiation is described. The Lyman-series radiation is generated by resonant four-wave sum-frequency mixing in mercury vapor. A wide range of hydrogen atom densities can be measured by employing these two transitions. A sample measurement on a H− ion-source discharge is presented. Extensions to Lyman-alpha and other vacuum-ultraviolet wavelengths are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139723
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atomic hydrogen density measurements in an ion source plasma using a VUV absorption spectrometer (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1479-1481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A system to determine the density and temperature of ground-state hydrogen atoms in a plasma by vacuum ultraviolet laser-absorption spectroscopy is described. The continuous tunability of the spectrometer allows for analysis at any of the Lyman transitions. The narrow bandwidth of the laser source allows for the accurate determination of the hydrogen absorption line shape and, hence, the translational temperature. The utility of the system is exemplified by data obtained on an ion source plasma. The measurements show the quality of the data as well as illustrating the behavior of these sources under varying discharge conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139693
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small multicusp H− source (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 453-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: High-quality H− beams have been generated from a multicusp source equipped with a permanent magnet filter. It is shown that a large improvement in H− yield can be achieved by employing a small multicusp source, fabricated with the proper wall material and extraction chamber length. From this small source, H− current densities higher than 250 mA/cm2 have been extracted from a 1-mm-diam aperture for a discharge voltage of 150 V and a discharge current of 450 A. When the source is operated with deuterium, the extractable negative ion current density is reduced by approximately 30%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139859
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