Publication Date:
2015-04-08
Description:
Tissue homeostasis is achieved through a balance of cell production (growth) and elimination (regression). In contrast to tissue growth, the cells and molecular signals required for tissue regression remain unknown. To investigate physiological tissue regression, we use the mouse hair follicle, which cycles stereotypically between phases of growth and regression while maintaining a pool of stem cells to perpetuate tissue regeneration. Here we show by intravital microscopy in live mice that the regression phase eliminates the majority of the epithelial cells by two distinct mechanisms: terminal differentiation of suprabasal cells and a spatial gradient of apoptosis of basal cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that basal epithelial cells collectively act as phagocytes to clear dying epithelial neighbours. Through cellular and genetic ablation we show that epithelial cell death is extrinsically induced through transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta activation and mesenchymal crosstalk. Strikingly, our data show that regression acts to reduce the stem cell pool, as inhibition of regression results in excess basal epithelial cells with regenerative abilities. This study identifies the cellular behaviours and molecular mechanisms of regression that counterbalance growth to maintain tissue homeostasis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4457634/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4457634/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mesa, Kailin R -- Rompolas, Panteleimon -- Zito, Giovanni -- Myung, Peggy -- Sun, Thomas Y -- Brown, Samara -- Gonzalez, David G -- Blagoev, Krastan B -- Haberman, Ann M -- Greco, Valentina -- 1R01AR063663-01/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- 2P50CA121974/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5 P30 AR053495-07/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- 5T32 GM007223/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K08 AR066790/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 AR053495/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR063663/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007223/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jun 4;522(7554):94-7. doi: 10.1038/nature14306. Epub 2015 Apr 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA. ; Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnology, University of Palermo, via Divisi 83, 90100 Palermo, Italy. ; 1] Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA [2] Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA. ; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA. ; 1] National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia 22230, USA [2] AA Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. ; 1] Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA [2] Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA [3] Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA [4] Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25849774" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Apoptosis
;
*Cell Death
;
Dermis/cytology/metabolism
;
Epithelial Cells/*cytology/metabolism
;
Hair Follicle/*cytology/metabolism
;
Homeostasis
;
Mice
;
Phagocytes/cytology
;
*Phagocytosis
;
Regeneration
;
Signal Transduction
;
Stem Cell Niche/*physiology
;
Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism
;
Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
;
beta Catenin/metabolism
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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