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  • 1
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    Defending the return of results and data (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Identification and analysis of atmospheric states and associated cloud properties for Darwin, Australia (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-21
    Description: An iterative automated classification technique that combines European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts analysis data and vertically pointing millimeter wavelength cloud radar observations is used to identify commonly occurring atmospheric patterns or states around Darwin, Australia. The technique defines the atmospheric states by large-scale, synoptic variables such that, once defined, these states will be suitable to composite climate model output. Radar observations of clouds are used to test the statistical significance of each state and prompt the automated refinement of the states until each state produces a statistically stable and unique hydrometeor occurrence profile. The technique identifies eight atmospheric states: two monsoon states, two transition season states, and four dry season states. The two monsoon states can be identified as the active monsoon and the break monsoon. Among the dry season states, periods of isolated and suppressed convection can be identified. We use these states as the basis for compositing hydrometeor occurrence, precipitation rate, outgoing longwave radiation, and Madden-Julian Oscillation phase to further understand the meteorology of each state.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    Defending the return of results and data (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-14
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A myocardial lineage derives from Tbx18 epicardial cells (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-16
    Description: Understanding the origins and roles of cardiac progenitor cells is important for elucidating the pathogenesis of congenital and acquired heart diseases. Moreover, manipulation of cardiac myocyte progenitors has potential for cell-based repair strategies for various myocardial disorders. Here we report the identification in mouse of a previously unknown cardiac myocyte lineage that derives from the proepicardial organ. These progenitor cells, which express the T-box transcription factor Tbx18, migrate onto the outer cardiac surface to form the epicardium, and then make a substantial contribution to myocytes in the ventricular septum and the atrial and ventricular walls. Tbx18-expressing cardiac progenitors also give rise to cardiac fibroblasts and coronary smooth muscle cells. The pluripotency of Tbx18 proepicardial cells provides a theoretical framework for applying these progenitors to effect cardiac repair and regeneration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cai, Chen-Leng -- Martin, Jody C -- Sun, Yunfu -- Cui, Li -- Wang, Lianchun -- Ouyang, Kunfu -- Yang, Lei -- Bu, Lei -- Liang, Xingqun -- Zhang, Xiaoxue -- Stallcup, William B -- Denton, Christopher P -- McCulloch, Andrew -- Chen, Ju -- Evans, Sylvia M -- P41 RR005351/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL007444/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 3;454(7200):104-8. doi: 10.1038/nature06969. Epub 2008 May 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18480752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Lineage ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Heart/growth & development ; Lac Operon/genetics ; Mice ; Myocardium/*cytology/metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac/*cytology/metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism ; Pericardium/*cytology/*metabolism ; Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; T-Box Domain Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Coordination of heart and lung co-development by a multipotent cardiopulmonary progenitor (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-23
    Description: Co-development of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems is a recent evolutionary adaption to terrestrial life that couples cardiac output with the gas exchange function of the lung. Here we show that the murine pulmonary vasculature develops even in the absence of lung development. We have identified a population of multipotent cardiopulmonary mesoderm progenitors (CPPs) within the posterior pole of the heart that are marked by the expression of Wnt2, Gli1 and Isl1. We show that CPPs arise from cardiac progenitors before lung development. Lineage tracing and clonal analysis demonstrates that CPPs generate the mesoderm lineages within the cardiac inflow tract and lung including cardiomyocytes, pulmonary vascular and airway smooth muscle, proximal vascular endothelium, and pericyte-like cells. CPPs are regulated by hedgehog expression from the foregut endoderm, which is required for connection of the pulmonary vasculature to the heart. Together, these studies identify a novel population of multipotent cardiopulmonary progenitors that coordinates heart and lung co-development that is required for adaptation to terrestrial existence.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758448/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758448/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peng, Tien -- Tian, Ying -- Boogerd, Cornelis J -- Lu, Min Min -- Kadzik, Rachel S -- Stewart, Kathleen M -- Evans, Sylvia M -- Morrisey, Edward E -- HL087825/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL100405/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL110942/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL117649/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P30 NS047101/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL074066/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL087825/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL07586-23/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL107442/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Aug 29;500(7464):589-92. doi: 10.1038/nature12358. Epub 2013 Jul 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23873040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cardiac Output ; Cell Lineage ; Endoderm/metabolism ; Heart/anatomy & histology/*embryology ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism ; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Lung/blood supply/*cytology/*embryology ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Multipotent Stem Cells/*cytology ; Myoblasts, Cardiac/*cytology ; *Organogenesis ; Pericytes/cytology ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Islet-1 specifies striatonigral neurons [Neuroscience] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-08
    Description: Striatal projection neurons comprise two populations of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. These two neuronal populations play distinct roles in controlling movement-related functions in the basal ganglia circuits. An important issue is how striatal progenitors are developmentally specified into these two distinct neuronal populations. In the present study, we characterized the...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    The source of Dalradian detritus in the Buchan Block, NE Scotland: application of new tools to detrital datasets (2016)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Description: Detrital zircons from four samples of upper Dalradian metasedimentary rocks from the Buchan Block in the NE Grampian Highlands of Scotland were analysed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to establish their U–Pb age and trace element composition. The analysed grains (magmatic cores) mainly yield concordant ages ranging from Neoproterozoic to Eoarchaean. Kernel density plots of the data show pronounced peaks in the late Mesoproterozoic, Palaeoproterozoic and Neoarchaean eras. The data are indistinguishable from detrital zircon age spectra from Dalradian rocks elsewhere, an interpretation supported by application of a non-parametric multidimensional scaling algorithm, and are consistent with a Laurentian source. Similar to existing studies from other Dalradian rocks, the age spectra from the Buchan Block reveal an increase in the relative proportion of older detritus with time, suggesting derivation from late Mesoproterozoic (Grenville) then Palaeoproterozoic orogens before widespread exposure and denudation of their Archaean basement rocks. Application of a novel approach to estimate the most likely time of radiogenic-Pb loss indicates that some detrital zircon grains were affected by element mobility around 470–450 Ma as a result of Grampian orogenesis. Supplementary material: Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb and trace element data, a matrix showing results of Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) test, cathodoluminescence imaging of zircons and selected trace element plots are available at http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3153931
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 8
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    Return of results and data to study participants (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-12
    Keywords: Science and Policy, Techniques
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption rate of methylxanthines following capsules, cola and chocolate (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 51 (1996), S. 319-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Caffeine ; Cocoa ; Chocolate ; Theobromine; methylxanthines ; absorption ; humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To compare caffeine and theobromine absorption after oral administration of capsules, cola beverage and chocolate candy. Methods: Three males and four females who abstained from methylxanthines received five methylxanthine-containing treatments: caffeine in capsules (72 mg), administered twice; theobromine in capsules (370 mg); cola beverage (72 mg caffeine) and chocolate candy (72 mg caffeine and 370 mg theobromine). Plasma methylxanthine levels were assayed from samples collected before and 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 h after caffeine capsule and cola treatments and, additionally, at 4.0 and 6.0 h after theobromine capsule and chocolate treatments. Results: Caffeine plasma concentrations increased rapidly and peaked at approximately 30 min following both capsule treatments 1 (Cmax: 1.93 μg ⋅ ml−1); and 2 (Cmax: 2.05 μg ⋅ ml−1). Relative to capsules, caffeine absorption from cola and chocolate was delayed and produced lower maximum caffeine plasma concentrations which peaked 1.5–2.0 h after treatment (For cola, Cmax: 1.57 μg ⋅ ml−1); and for chocolate, Cmax: 1.50 μg ⋅ ml−1. Theobromine plasma concentrations peaked approximately 3 h after capsule administration (Cmax: 6.72 μg ⋅ ml−1). Relative to capsules, theobromine absorption from chocolate was more rapid and produced higher maximum theobromine plasma concentrations which peaked approximately 2 h after treatment (Cmax: 8.05 μg ⋅ ml−1). Conclusions: The results suggest that a usual dietary portion of the cola or chocolate used in this study would produce behaviorally discriminable plasma levels of caffeine in most subjects and of theobromine in at least one subject.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050205
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential antitumor agents. Synthesis, reactivity, and cytotoxicity of .alpha.-methylene carbonyl compounds (1978)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 21 (1978), S. 815-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00206a020
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