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  • 1
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    Hippocampal representations over extended time [Neuroscience] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-21
    Description: The time when an event occurs can become part of autobiographical memories. In brain structures that support such memories, a neural code should exist that represents when or how long ago events occurred. Here we describe a neuronal coding mechanism in hippocampus that can be used to represent the recency...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    The spatial periodicity of grid cells is not sustained during reduced theta oscillations (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-30
    Description: Grid cells in parahippocampal cortices fire at vertices of a periodic triangular grid that spans the entire recording environment. Such precise neural computations in space have been proposed to emerge from equally precise temporal oscillations within cells or within the local neural circuitry. We found that grid-like firing patterns in the entorhinal cortex vanished when theta oscillations were reduced after intraseptal lidocaine infusions in rats. Other spatially modulated cells in the same cortical region and place cells in the hippocampus retained their spatial firing patterns to a larger extent during these periods without well-organized oscillatory neuronal activity. Precisely timed neural activity within single cells or local networks is thus required for periodic spatial firing but not for single place fields.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koenig, Julie -- Linder, Ashley N -- Leutgeb, Jill K -- Leutgeb, Stefan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Apr 29;332(6029):592-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1201685.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurobiology Section and Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21527713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Entorhinal Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Lidocaine/pharmacology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Motor Activity ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neural Pathways ; Neurons/*physiology ; Periodicity ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Septum Pellucidum/drug effects/physiology ; *Space Perception ; *Theta Rhythm/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Distinct ensemble codes in hippocampal areas CA3 and CA1 (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2004-07-24
    Description: The hippocampus has differentiated into an extensively connected recurrent stage (CA3) followed by a feed-forward stage (CA1). We examined the function of this structural differentiation by determining how cell ensembles in rat CA3 and CA1 generate representations of rooms with common spatial elements. In CA3, distinct subsets of pyramidal cells were activated in each room, regardless of the similarity of the testing enclosure. In CA1, the activated populations overlapped, and the overlap increased in similar enclosures. After exposure to a novel room, ensemble activity developed slower in CA3 than CA1, suggesting that the representations emerged independently.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leutgeb, Stefan -- Leutgeb, Jill K -- Treves, Alessandro -- Moser, May-Britt -- Moser, Edvard I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Aug 27;305(5688):1295-8. Epub 2004 Jul 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for the Biology of Memory, Medical-Technical Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15272123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cues ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Entorhinal Cortex/physiology ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Male ; *Memory ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; *Space Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Independent codes for spatial and episodic memory in hippocampal neuronal ensembles (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-26
    Description: Hippocampal neurons were recorded under conditions in which the recording chamber was varied but its location remained unchanged versus conditions in which an identical chamber was encountered in different places. Two forms of neuronal pattern separation occurred. In the variable cue-constant place condition, the firing rates of active cells varied, often over more than an order of magnitude, whereas the location of firing remained constant. In the variable place-constant cue condition, both location and rates changed, so that population vectors for a given location in the chamber were statistically independent. These independent encoding schemes may enable simultaneous representation of spatial and episodic memory information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leutgeb, Stefan -- Leutgeb, Jill K -- Barnes, Carol A -- Moser, Edvard I -- McNaughton, Bruce L -- Moser, May-Britt -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):619-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for the Biology of Memory, Medical-Technical Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cues ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Electrophysiology ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Interneurons/physiology ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Orientation/*physiology ; Perception/physiology ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Space Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Pattern separation in the dentate gyrus and CA3 of the hippocampus (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-02-17
    Description: Theoretical models have long pointed to the dentate gyrus as a possible source of neuronal pattern separation. In agreement with predictions from these models, we show that minimal changes in the shape of the environment in which rats are exploring can substantially alter correlated activity patterns among place-modulated granule cells in the dentate gyrus. When the environments are made more different, new cell populations are recruited in CA3 but not in the dentate gyrus. These results imply a dual mechanism for pattern separation in which signals from the entorhinal cortex can be decorrelated both by changes in coincidence patterns in the dentate gyrus and by recruitment of nonoverlapping cell assemblies in CA3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leutgeb, Jill K -- Leutgeb, Stefan -- Moser, May-Britt -- Moser, Edvard I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Feb 16;315(5814):961-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for the Biology of Memory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17303747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dentate Gyrus/cytology/*physiology ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Male ; Neurons/physiology ; Orientation/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Space Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Neuroscience. Detailed differences (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leutgeb, Stefan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Mar 21;319(5870):1623-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1156724.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for the Biology of Memory, Norwegian University for Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway. stefan.leutgeb@ntnu.no〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18356509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Dentate Gyrus/*physiology ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Memory/*physiology ; Nerve Net/physiology ; *Pattern Recognition, Physiological ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Finite scale of spatial representation in the hippocampus (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-05
    Description: To determine how spatial scale is represented in the pyramidal cell population of the hippocampus, we recorded neural activity at multiple longitudinal levels of this brain area while rats ran back and forth on an 18-meter-long linear track. CA3 cells had well-defined place fields at all levels. The scale of representation increased almost linearly from 〈1 meter at the dorsal pole to approximately 10 meters at the ventral pole. The results suggest that the place-cell map includes the entire hippocampus and that environments are represented in the hippocampus at a topographically graded but finite continuum of scales.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kjelstrup, Kirsten Brun -- Solstad, Trygve -- Brun, Vegard Heimly -- Hafting, Torkel -- Leutgeb, Stefan -- Witter, Menno P -- Moser, Edvard I -- Moser, May-Britt -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 4;321(5885):140-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1157086.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for the Biology of Memory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18599792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Algorithms ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Learning ; Linear Models ; Male ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; *Space Perception ; Spatial Behavior ; Theta Rhythm
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Neurotransmitter switching in the adult brain regulates behavior (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-27
    Description: Neurotransmitters have been thought to be fixed throughout life, but whether sensory stimuli alter behaviorally relevant transmitter expression in the mature brain is unknown. We found that populations of interneurons in the adult rat hypothalamus switched between dopamine and somatostatin expression in response to exposure to short- and long-day photoperiods. Changes in postsynaptic dopamine receptor expression matched changes in presynaptic dopamine, whereas somatostatin receptor expression remained constant. Pharmacological blockade or ablation of these dopaminergic neurons led to anxious and depressed behavior, phenocopying performance after exposure to the long-day photoperiod. Induction of newly dopaminergic neurons through exposure to the short-day photoperiod rescued the behavioral consequences of lesions. Natural stimulation of other sensory modalities may cause changes in transmitter expression that regulate different behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dulcis, Davide -- Jamshidi, Pouya -- Leutgeb, Stefan -- Spitzer, Nicholas C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Apr 26;340(6131):449-53. doi: 10.1126/science.1234152.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences and Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0357, USA. ddulcis@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23620046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/metabolism/*physiology ; Cell Count ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Dopaminergic Neurons/metabolism/*physiology ; Hypothalamus/metabolism/physiology ; Male ; Maze Learning ; *Photoperiod ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism ; Receptors, Somatostatin/metabolism ; Seasons ; Somatostatin/*metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/*psychology ; *Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Neuronal code for extended time in the hippocampus (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-06
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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