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  • 1
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    Maintenance of Genome Integrity: DNA Damage Sensing, Signaling, Repair and Replication in Plants (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Environmental stresses and metabolic by-products can severely affect the integrity of genetic information by inducing DNA damage and impairing genome stability. As a consequence, plant growth and productivity are irreversibly compromised. To overcome genotoxic injury, plants have evolved complex strategies relying on a highly efficient repair machinery that responds to sophisticated damage perception/signaling networks. The DNA damage signaling network contains several key components: DNA damage sensors, signal transducers, mediators, and effectors. Most of these components are common to other eukaryotes but some features are unique to the plant kingdom. ATM and ATR are well-conserved members of PIKK family, which amplify and transduce signals to downstream effectors. ATM primarily responds to DNA double strand breaks while ATR responds to various forms of DNA damage. The signals from the activated transducer kinases are transmitted to the downstream cell-cycle regulators, such as CHK1, CHK2, and p53 in many eukaryotes. However, plants have no homologue of CHK1, CHK2 nor p53. The finding of Arabidopsis transcription factor SOG1 that seems functionally but not structurally similar to p53 suggests that plants have developed unique cell cycle regulation mechanism. The double strand break repair, recombination repair, postreplication repair, and lesion bypass, have been investigated in several plants. The DNA double strand break, a most critical damage for organisms are repaired non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Damage on template DNA makes replication stall, which is processed by translesion synthesis (TLS) or error-free postreplication repair (PPR) pathway. Deletion of the error-prone TLS polymerase reduces mutation frequencies, suggesting PPR maintains the stalled replication fork when TLS is not available. Unveiling the regulation networks among these multiple pathways would be the next challenge to be completed. Some intriguing issues have been disclosed such as the cross-talk between DNA repair, senescence and pathogen response and the involvement of non-coding RNAs in global genome stability. Several studies have highlighted the essential contribution of chromatin remodeling in DNA repair. DNA damage sensing, signaling and repair have been investigated in relation to environmental stresses, seed quality issues, mutation breeding in both model and crop plants and all these studies strengthen the idea that components of the plant response to genotoxic stress might represent tools to improve stress tolerance and field performance. This focus issue gives researchers the opportunity to gather and interact by providing Mini-Reviews, Commentaries, Opinions, Original Research and Method articles which describe the most recent advances and future perspectives in the field of DNA damage sensing, signaling and repair in plants. A comprehensive overview of the current progresses dealing with the genotoxic stress response in plants will be provided looking at cellular and molecular level with multidisciplinary approaches. This will hopefully bring together valuable information for both plant biotechnologists and breeders.
    Keywords: QK1-989 ; Q1-390 ; replication ; Ionizing radiation ; Cell Cycle ; DNA Repair ; Cell Death ; Genome integrity ; DNA Damage ; Double Strand Breaks ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Three nucleon force effects in intermediate-energy deuteron analyzing powers for dp elastic scattering (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-16
    Description: Author(s): K. Sekiguchi, H. Okamura, N. Sakamoto, H. Suzuki, M. Dozono, Y. Maeda, T. Saito, S. Sakaguchi, H. Sakai, M. Sasano, Y. Shimizu, T. Wakasa, K. Yako, H. Witała, W. Glöckle, J. Golak, H. Kamada, and A. Nogga A complete high precision set of deuteron analyzing powers for elastic deuteron-proton ( dp ) scattering at 250 MeV/nucleon (MeV/N) has been measured. The new data are presented together with data from previous measurements at 70, 100, 135 and 200 MeV/N. They are compared with the results of three-nuc... [Phys. Rev. C 83, 061001] Published Wed Jun 15, 2011
    Keywords: Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction, Few-Body Systems
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    PfAlbas constitute a new eukaryotic DNA/RNA-binding protein family in malaria parasites (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: In Plasmodium falciparum , perinuclear subtelomeric chromatin conveys monoallelic expression of virulence genes. However, proteins that directly bind to chromosome ends are poorly described. Here we identify a novel DNA/RNA-binding protein family that bears homology to the archaeal protein Alba ( A cetylation l owers b inding a ffinity). We isolated three of the four PfAlba paralogs as part of a molecular complex that is associated with the P. falciparum -specific TARE6 ( T elomere- A ssociated R epetitive E lements 6) subtelomeric region and showed in electromobility shift assays (EMSAs) that the PfAlbas bind to TARE6 repeats. In early blood stages, the PfAlba proteins were enriched at the nuclear periphery and partially co-localized with PfSir2, a TARE6-associated histone deacetylase linked to the process of antigenic variation. The nuclear location changed at the onset of parasite proliferation (trophozoite-schizont), where the PfAlba proteins were also detectable in the cytoplasm in a punctate pattern. Using single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) probes in EMSAs, we found that PfAlbas bind to ssRNA, albeit with different binding preferences. We demonstrate for the first time in eukaryotes that Alba-like proteins bind to both DNA and RNA and that their intracellular location is developmentally regulated. Discovery of the PfAlbas may provide a link between the previously described subtelomeric non-coding RNA and the regulation of antigenic variation.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    High-resolution study of Gamow-Teller transitions with the ^{37}Cl(^{3}He,t)^{37}Ar reaction (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-28
    Description: Author(s): Y. Shimbara, Y. Fujita, T. Adachi, G. P. A. Berg, H. Fujimura, H. Fujita, K. Fujita, K. Hara, K. Y. Hara, K. Hatanaka, J. Kamiya, K. Katori, T. Kawabata, K. Nakanishi, G. Martìnez-Pinedo, N. Sakamoto, Y. Sakemi, Y. Shimizu, Y. Tameshige, M. Uchida, M. Yoshifuku, and M. Yosoi Under the assumption of isospin symmetry, T z =±3/2→±1/2 Gamow-Teller (GT) transitions in an isobar quartet with a mass A are analogous, where T z =(1/2)( N − Z ) is the z component of the isospin T . We studied the T z =+3/2→+1/2 GT transitions by the 37 Cl( 3 He, t ) 37 Ar reaction at an incoming beam energy of E be... [Phys. Rev. C 86, 024312] Published Mon Aug 27, 2012
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    Remnants of the early solar system water enriched in heavy oxygen isotopes (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-16
    Description: Oxygen isotopic composition of our solar system is believed to have resulted from mixing of two isotopically distinct nebular reservoirs, 16O-rich and (17,18)O-rich relative to Earth. The nature and composition of the (17,18)O-rich reservoir are poorly constrained. We report an in situ discovery of a chemically and isotopically unique material distributed ubiquitously in fine-grained matrix of a primitive carbonaceous chondrite Acfer 094. This material formed by oxidation of Fe,Ni-metal and sulfides by water either in the solar nebula or on a planetesimal. Oxygen isotopic composition of this material indicates that the water was highly enriched in 17O and 18O (delta(17,18)O(SMOW) = +180 per thousand per mil), providing the first evidence for an extremely (17,18)O-rich reservoir in the early solar system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sakamoto, Naoya -- Seto, Yusuke -- Itoh, Shoichi -- Kuramoto, Kiyoshi -- Fujino, Kiyoshi -- Nagashima, Kazuhide -- Krot, Alexander N -- Yurimoto, Hisayoshi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jul 13;317(5835):231-3. Epub 2007 Jun 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569827" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Meteoroids ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*analysis ; Oxygen Isotopes/*analysis ; *Solar System ; Water/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Inhibition of development of Kaposi's sarcoma-related lesions by a bacterial cell wall complex (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: In vitro and in vivo model systems for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) were used to evaluate compounds for their potential as therapeutic agents. A sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan compound (SP-PG) produced by bacteria controlled the in vitro growth of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated, KS-derived spindle-shaped cells (AIDS-KS cells) at noncytotoxic concentrations. Angiogenesis induced by AIDS-KS cells in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay was blocked by SP-PG, which also inhibited the vascular hyperpermeability response and the angiogenesis associated with the induction of KS-like lesions that develop after subcutaneous inoculation of AIDS-KS cells into nude mice. Suramin, pentosan polysulfate, and interferon alpha, which are currently in use for therapy of KS, were either less effective than SP-PG or much more cytotoxic, or both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nakamura, S -- Sakurada, S -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Osada, Y -- Tanaka, N G -- Sakamoto, N -- Sekiguchi, M -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1437-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1371891" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Animals ; Arthrobacter ; Arylsulfatases ; Capillary Permeability/drug effects ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular/cytology/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/*prevention & control ; *Peptidoglycan ; Polysaccharides/*pharmacology ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/etiology/*pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Oxygen isotopic compositions of asteroidal materials returned from Itokawa by the Hayabusa mission (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-27
    Description: Meteorite studies suggest that each solar system object has a unique oxygen isotopic composition. Chondrites, the most primitive of meteorites, have been believed to be derived from asteroids, but oxygen isotopic compositions of asteroids themselves have not been established. We measured, using secondary ion mass spectrometry, oxygen isotopic compositions of rock particles from asteroid 25143 Itokawa returned by the Hayabusa spacecraft. Compositions of the particles are depleted in (16)O relative to terrestrial materials and indicate that Itokawa, an S-type asteroid, is one of the sources of the LL or L group of equilibrated ordinary chondrites. This is a direct oxygen-isotope link between chondrites and their parent asteroid.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yurimoto, Hisayoshi -- Abe, Ken-ichi -- Abe, Masanao -- Ebihara, Mitsuru -- Fujimura, Akio -- Hashiguchi, Minako -- Hashizume, Ko -- Ireland, Trevor R -- Itoh, Shoichi -- Katayama, Juri -- Kato, Chizu -- Kawaguchi, Junichiro -- Kawasaki, Noriyuki -- Kitajima, Fumio -- Kobayashi, Sachio -- Meike, Tatsuji -- Mukai, Toshifumi -- Nagao, Keisuke -- Nakamura, Tomoki -- Naraoka, Hiroshi -- Noguchi, Takaaki -- Okazaki, Ryuji -- Park, Changkun -- Sakamoto, Naoya -- Seto, Yusuke -- Takei, Masashi -- Tsuchiyama, Akira -- Uesugi, Masayuki -- Wakaki, Shigeyuki -- Yada, Toru -- Yamamoto, Kosuke -- Yoshikawa, Makoto -- Zolensky, Michael E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1116-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1207776.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan. yuri@ep.sci.hokudai.ac.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868668" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Angular distributions of the vector A_{y} and tensor A_{yy}, A_{xx}, A_{xz} analyzing powers in the d[over ⃗]d→^{3}Hp reaction at 200 MeV (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-14
    Description: Author(s): A. K. Kurilkin, T. Saito, V. P. Ladygin, T. Uesaka, M. Hatano, A. Yu. Isupov, M. Janek, H. Kato, N. B. Ladygina, Y. Maeda, A. I. Malakhov, J. Nishikawa, T. Ohnishi, H. Okamura, S. G. Reznikov, H. Sakai, N. Sakamoto, S. Sakoda, Y. Satou, K. Sekiguchi, K. Suda, A. Tamii, N. Uchigashima, T. A. Vasiliev, and K. Yako A complete set of analyzing powers for the d ⃗ d → 3 H p reaction at the kinetic beam energy of 200 MeV has been measured in the full angular range in the c.m. frame. The observed signs of the tensor analyzing powers A y y , A x x , and A x z at forward and backward directions have clearly demonstrated the sensit... [Phys. Rev. C 87, 051001] Published Mon May 13, 2013
    Keywords: Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction, Few-Body Systems
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Erratum: High-resolution study of Gamow-Teller transitions with the ^{37}Cl(^{3}He,t)^{37}Ar reaction [Phys. Rev. C 86, 024312 (2012)] (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-12
    Description: Author(s): Y. Shimbara, Y. Fujita, T. Adachi, G. P. A. Berg, H. Fujimura, H. Fujita, K. Fujita, K. Hara, K. Y. Hara, K. Hatanaka, J. Kamiya, K. Katori, T. Kawabata, K. Nakanishi, G. Martìnez-Pinedo, N. Sakamoto, Y. Sakemi, Y. Shimizu, Y. Tameshige, M. Uchida, M. Yoshifuku, and M. Yosoi [Phys. Rev. C 88, 059901] Published Mon Nov 11, 2013
    Keywords: Errata
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Molecular Analysis of Carbon Ion-Induced Mutations in DNA Repair-Deficient Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-02
    Description: Mutations caused by ion beams have been well-studied in plants, including ornamental flowers, rice, and algae. It has been shown that ion beams have several significantly interesting features, such as a high biological effect and unique mutation spectrum, which is in contrast to low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation such as gamma rays. In this study, the effects of double strand breaks and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) caused by ion-beam irradiation were examined. We irradiated repair-gene-inactive strains rad52, ogg1, and msh2 using carbon ion beams, analyzed the lethality and mutagenicity, and characterized the mutations. High-LET carbon ion-beam radiation was found to cause oxidative base damage, such as 8-oxodG, which can lead to mutations. The present observations suggested that nucleotide incorporation of oxidative damage gave only a limited effect on cell viability and genome fidelity. The ion-beam mutations occurred predominantly in 5′-ACA-3′ sequences, and we detected a hotspot at around +79 to +98 in URA3 in wild-type and mutant lines, suggesting the presence of a mutation-susceptible region.
    Electronic ISSN: 2412-382X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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