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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 151 (1988), S. 982-990 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 151 (1988), S. 982-990 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0248-4900
    Keywords: centriole ; cytoskeleton ; microfilament ; microtubule ; morphogenesis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Distributions are presented of event shape variables, jet roduction rates and charged particle momenta obtained from 53 000 hadronicZ decays. They are compared to the predictions of the QCD+hadronization models JETSET, ARIADNE and HERWIG, and are used to optimize several model parameters. The JETSET and ARIADNE coherent parton shower (PS) models with running αs and string fragmentation yield the best description of the data. The HERWIG parton shower model with cluster fragmentation fits the data less well. The data are in better agreement with JETSET PS than with JETSETO(α S 2 ) matrix elements (ME) even when the renormalization scale is optimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 118 (1983), S. 124-134 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell fusion ; Microtubule organizing centers ; Mitotic abnormalities ; Flagellar apparatus ; Physarum ; Myxomycetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The microtubules structure of two stable diploid amoebal strains, each resulting from the fusion of two haploid amoebae has been studied by electron microscopy. Tridimensional reconstructions showed that these diploid amoebae-typically possessed two proflagellar apparatuses,i.e., two microtubule organizing centers 1 (mtoc 1) and two pairs of centrioles with their associated microtubular arrays. These observations account for the high frequency of biflagellated amoebae in these two strains. The presence of two mtoc 1 may account for the high percentage of mitotic abnormalities which was observed under phase contrast microscopy and electron microscopy and is in agreement with a role of the mtoc 1 as a mitotic center during mitosis. However, the presence of numerous normal mitotic apparatuses raises the question of the regulations which play a role in the mitotic process. The unusual distribution of centrioles and the unusual pro-flagellar apparatuses which were produced suggest that in interphase the anterior centriole is a necessary structure for the morphogenesis of the microtubular arrays 2 and 3 and that the posterior centriole is a necessary structure for the morphogenesis of the microtubular arrays 4 and 5.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Centriole ; Microtubule organizing center ; Mitosis ; Physarum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Several, stable amoebal strains which differ phenotypically from the diploid parental amoebal strain have been obtained in the MyxomycetePhysarum polycephalum. They were detected using their flagellation pattern as a discriminating parameter. This approach is valid since the number of flagella by phase contrast microscopy correlates with the number of anterior centrioles obtained using three-dimensional reconstructions of the nucleo-flagellar complexes from serial thin sections. The complexity of the structures of the various nucleo-flagellar complexes suggests that in these strains the duplication time of centrioles is not strictly regulated as it is in haploid amoebae. In agreement with this hypothesis, several pro-centrioles were observed in interphase amoebae. Although the anterior centrioles are linked to the mtoc 1 during interphase, the number of mtoc 1 cannot regulate the number of centrioles since some strains possess two mtoc 1 but only one pair of centrioles. Neither the number of centrioles nor the number of mtoc 1 are related to ploidy. Stable strains with one (all haploid strains), two (some diploid strains) and three (some diploid strains) mtoc 1 have been observed. Thus each mtoc 1 is duplicated once per cell cycle implying that it must possess some information which plays a role in the morphogenesis of the new mtoc 1. Except in one case, the number of mitotic abnormalities increases exponentially with the number of mtoc 1. This observation suggests that the mtoc 1 could correspond to the interphase state of the mitotic center.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Aster ; Immunofluorescence ; Mitosis ; Myxomycetes ; Physarum ; Taxol ; Tubulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The microtubules ofPhysarum amoebae have been decorated with rat antibodies against yeast tubulin. The indirect fluorescent staining observed in interphase amoebae and in flagellated amoebae is consistent with the three-dimensional reconstructions previously deduced from electron microscopic studies. Mitotic amoebae exhibit a pattern of fluorescence which is similar to that exhibited by mammalian cells and is consistent with the previous electron microscopic studies, except that we also observe pole-pole microtubule fibers during metaphase and anaphase and the presence of a typical midbody during cytokinesis. The various types of tripolar mitosis which are observed suggest that there is a regulatory mechanism allowing the formation of pseudo-bipolar mitotic apparatuses in amoebae possessing more than two mitotic centers during mitosis. The mitotic center, located in the middle of the centrosphere, is not fluorescent after staining of the monoasters induced with taxol suggesting the absence of tubulin in the mitotic center.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 100 (1979), S. 231-250 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cytochalasin A ; Nucleo-flagellar complex isolation ; Kinetosome ; Microtubule ; Myxomycete
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Flagellation ofPhysarum polycephalum amoebae (Myxomycete) involves the formation around the two kinetosomes of a flagellar apparatus leading to a modification in the shape of the amoeba and its nucleus. A tridimensional ultrastructural model of the flagellar apparatus is proposed, based upon observation of the isolated nucleo-flagellar apparatus complex. The flagellar apparatus is composed of a non-microtubular structure (the posterior para-kinetosomal structure), five microtubular arrays and two flagella: a long anterior flagellum and a short flagellum directed backwards. The asymmetry of the flagellar apparatus is due mainly to the presence of the posterior para-kinetosomal structure on the right side of the posterior kinetosome and of the two asymmetrical microtubular arrays 3 and 4. Thus, the flagellar apparatus is right-handed. This asymmetry implies also some spatial constraints on two other microtubular arrays (2 and 5). Except in the case of the microtubular array 1 which links the proximal end of the anterior kinetosome to the nuclear membrane, the number of microtubules of each microtubular array seems to be well defined: 39, 5–6, 7–9, and 2+2 for the microtubular arrays 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively. All the elements of the nucleo-flagellar apparatus complex are linked either directly or indirectly through bridges. Furthermore, the microtubules which composed the microtubular array 3 are linked through bridges while the microtubules of the microtubular arrays 2, 3, and 4 seem to be linked through a reticulate material. All these spatial relationships lead to a great cohesion of the nucleo-flagellar apparatus complex which appears to be a well defined structure. This suggests thatPhysarum amoebal flagellation can be a promising system to study the morphogenesis of an eucaryotic cell.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 105 (1980), S. 149-160 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Pro-centriole ; Centriole ; Physarum ; Myxomycetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The precise geometry of pro-centriole formation has been studied inPhysarum polycephalum amoebae. The spatial references used were the posterior and the anterior kinetosomes which are unequivocally defined by the presence of the posterior para-kinetosomal structure, the microtubular array 4 and the microtubular arrays 1, 2, and 3. The observations made suggest that pro-centrioles follow a maturation process. A pro-centriole formed during the nth cell cycle becomes the posterior kinetosome during the (n + 1)th cell cycle and the anterior one during all the following cell cycles. Pro-centriole formation occurs late in the cell cycle. This observation disagrees with a role of pro-centriole formation in the regulation of S phase in contrast to what has been suggested in other eucaryotic cells.
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