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  • 1
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    Heparosan-glucuronate 5-epimerase: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel enzyme (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-04
    Description: Iduronic acid (IdoA) is a critical component of heparan sulfate in its interaction with functional proteins. Heparosan- N -sulfate-glucuronate 5-epimerase (HNSG-5epi) converts d -glucuronic acid (GlcA) residues in N -sulfated heparosan (NS-heparosan), as an intermediate in heparan sulfate biosynthesis, to IdoA. In the present study, the authors discovered a different 5-epimerase, designated HG-5epi (heparosan-glucuronate 5-epimerase), that is involved in acharan sulfate biosynthesis and possesses novel substrate specificity. A candidate cDNA of HG-5epi was cloned from the cDNA library of Achatina fulica . The cloned cDNA contained a whole coding region that predicts a type II transmembrane protein composed of 601 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of HG-5epi is homologous to that of HNSG-5epi. Recombinant HG-5epi was expressed in insect cells and its enzymatic properties characterized. As expected, HG-5epi epimerizes GlcA residues in heparosan, but not in NS-heparosan. Conversion of IdoA to GlcA was also catalyzed by HG-5epi when completely desulfated N -acetylated heparin was used as the substrate, indicating a reversible reaction mechanism. At equilibrium of the epimerization, the proportion of IdoA in the reaction product reached up to 30% of total hexuronic acid. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe an enzyme that catalyzes the epimerization of non-sulfated heparosan. This new enzyme may be applied to the study of synthetic heparan sulfate-related polysaccharides having certain biological and pharmacological activities. In addition, a new method using anion-exchange HPLC connected to a post-column fluorescent labeling system was developed for analyzing hexuronic acid isomers.
    Print ISSN: 0959-6658
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2423
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    A numerical simulation of a negative solar wind impulse: Revisited (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-18
    Description: Response of the magnetosphere-ionosphere system to a negative impulse of the solar wind dynamic pressure (the negative SI) is studied again with foci of the following three points; multiple convection oscillations, mirror-image relationship between the negative and positive SIs, and appearance of the overshielding potential. When the negative impulse impinges on the magnetopause, the Region 1 (R1)-type field-aligned current (FAC) and R2-type FAC appears alternatively in the dayside polar ionosphere (∼70°, ∼10 hLT and 14 hLT). These ionospheric current systems shift nightward and poleward. This alternative appearance of FACs invokes positive and negative ionospheric potential patterns switching alternatively. It is revealed that the negative SI is accompanied with multiple convection oscillations repeating more than the positive SI. We also notice that the magnetospheric current system producing the preliminary impulse (PI) of the intensive negative SI is a mirror-image of that of the positive SI. The multiple convection oscillations and the mirror-image relationship were not discussed by Fujita et al. (2004) who studied a moderate-amplitude negative SI. In addition, the R2-type FACs induced by the negative and positive SIs tend to yield the overshielding electric potential in the ionosphere. The shielding potential invoked by the SIs has shorter duration than that for the northward turn of the interplanetary magnetic field. The duration is longer for the negative SI than for the positive SI.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    A molecular pathway revealing a genetic basis for human cardiac and craniofacial defects (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-19
    Description: Microdeletions of chromosome 22q11 are the most common genetic defects associated with cardiac and craniofacial anomalies in humans. A screen for mouse genes dependent on dHAND, a transcription factor implicated in neural crest development, identified Ufd1, which maps to human 22q11 and encodes a protein involved in degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Mouse Ufd1 was specifically expressed in most tissues affected in patients with 22q11 deletion syndrome. The human UFD1L gene was deleted in all 182 patients studied with 22q11 deletion, and a smaller deletion of approximately 20 kilobases that removed exons 1 to 3 of UFD1L was found in one individual with features typical of 22q11 deletion syndrome. These data suggest that UFD1L haploinsufficiency contributes to the congenital heart and craniofacial defects seen in 22q11 deletion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamagishi, H -- Garg, V -- Matsuoka, R -- Thomas, T -- Srivastava, D -- R01HL57181-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 19;283(5405):1158-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard, Room NA8.124, Dallas, TX 75235-9148, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10024240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic/abnormalities/embryology/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/*genetics ; Craniofacial Abnormalities/*genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism ; *Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Heart/embryology ; Heart Defects, Congenital/*genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Neural Crest/cytology/embryology ; Phenotype ; Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/physiology ; Ubiquitins/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    The antiproliferative action of progesterone in uterine epithelium is mediated by Hand2 (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-19
    Description: During pregnancy, progesterone inhibits the growth-promoting actions of estrogen in the uterus. However, the mechanism for this is not clear. The attenuation of estrogen-mediated proliferation of the uterine epithelium by progesterone is a prerequisite for successful implantation. Our study reveals that progesterone-induced expression of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Hand2 in the uterine stroma suppresses the production of several fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) that act as paracrine mediators of mitogenic effects of estrogen on the epithelium. In mouse uteri lacking Hand2, continued induction of these FGFs in the stroma maintains epithelial proliferation and stimulates estrogen-induced pathways, resulting in impaired implantation. Thus, Hand2 is a critical regulator of the uterine stromal-epithelial communication that directs proper steroid regulation conducive for the establishment of pregnancy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3320855/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3320855/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Quanxi -- Kannan, Athilakshmi -- DeMayo, Francesco J -- Lydon, John P -- Cooke, Paul S -- Yamagishi, Hiroyuki -- Srivastava, Deepak -- Bagchi, Milan K -- Bagchi, Indrani C -- U54 HD055787-01A1/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- U54HD055787/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 18;331(6019):912-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1197454.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana/Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21330545" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/*genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Embryo Implantation/*physiology ; Endometrium/drug effects/*metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Epithelium/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mifepristone/pharmacology ; Mucin-1/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Stromal Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Manipulation of discrete nanostructures by selective modulation of noncovalent forces (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-03
    Description: Covalent organic synthesis commonly uses the strategy of selective bond cleavage and formation. If a similar approach can be applied stepwisely to noncovalent synthesis, more exotic or challenging nanostructures might become achievable. Here, we report that ferrocene-based tetratopic pyridyl ligands, which can dynamically change their geometry by means of thermal rotation of their cyclopentadienyl rings in solution, assemble with AgBF4 into discrete metal-organic nanotubes with large and uniform diameters. The nanotubes can be cut into metal-organic nanorings through selective attenuation of the inter-nanoring interaction via ferrocene oxidation. The resultant nanorings can be transferred onto inorganic substrates electrostatically or allowed to reassemble to form the original nanotube by the reductive neutralization of their oxidized ferrocene units.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fukino, Takahiro -- Joo, Hyunho -- Hisada, Yuki -- Obana, Maiko -- Yamagishi, Hiroshi -- Hikima, Takaaki -- Takata, Masaki -- Fujita, Norifumi -- Aida, Takuzo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 2;344(6183):499-504. doi: 10.1126/science.1252120. Epub 2014 Apr 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24786075" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Interstitial Oxygen Striations in Silicon Single Crystals Using the Micro-FTIR Method (1993)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 117-118 (Jan. 1993), p. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/59/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.117-118.189.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent Landslides in Western Hokkaido, Japan (2000)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 157 (2000), S. 1115-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key Words: Landslide, rockfall, earthflow, dip-slipping, Hokkaido, rock slide.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —Western Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan, is prone to landsliding due to geologic, geomorphologic and climatic change. From 1985 to 1997, many rapid large-scale landslides occurred in western Hokkaido, several of which are reviewed in this paper. The 1988 Kamaya Slide, the 1991 Tachimachi-misaki Slide (which was preceded by the 1985 Orito Slide), the 1993 Okushiri-Port Slide, and the 1994 Motochi Earthflow are described. Finally, two sea-cliff rockfalls are also described.¶The Okushiri-port Slide and the Toyohama Tunnel Rockfall claimed 29 and 20 lives, respectively. Except for the Okushiri-port Slide, which was induced by Hokkaido Nansei-oki Earthquake, most of the slides and rockfalls were probably related to geological structures, such as gentle-dipping strata interbedded with clayey tuffs and were triggered by long-duration and/or high precipitation, causing increased groundwater levels and/or high water pressures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050020
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Twilight anomaly, midday recovery and cutoff latitudes during the intense polar cap absorption event of March 1991 (1995)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 13 (1995), S. 262-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A study was made of the polar cap absorption (PCA) event on 23–24 March 1991 produced by the largest solar proton event at E〉10 MeV since August 1972. This PCA event was related to a solar flare in the eastern hemisphere lasting only 2 days and exhibiting a long time delay between the flare and the increase of ionospheric absorption. Midday recovery occurred regularly each PCA day near the cutoff lati- tudes during the noontime hours and is attributed to the daily variation in the proton cutoff latitudes. The maximum absorption during the PCA event was observed at high latitudes or near the cutoff latitudes where ionization may be due to both solar protons and trapped particles. The minimum in the absorption values during the night-time hours would appear to be caused by the chemistry of the D-region as well as access of the solar protons into the polar cap area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-995-0262-1
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CZ Crystal Growth Development in Super Silicon Crystal Project (1997)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 57-58 (July 1997), p. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/25/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.57-58.37.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between Grown-In Defects and Thermal History during CZ Si Crystal Growth (1995)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 196-201 (Nov. 1995), p. 1707-1712 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/01/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.196-201.1707.pdf
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