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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Tom Thumb dwarfing gene, Rht3 in wheat, I. Reduced pre-harvest damage to breadmaking quality (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 62 (1982), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Quality ; Dwarfism ; Gibberellin ; α-amylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects of the Tom Thumb dwarfing gene, Rht3, on the quality and quantity of grain α-amylase produced during germination and by induction with exogenous gibberellic acid are described. In a season conducive to high sprouting damage the gene reduced α-amylase levels in the field by 77%. Selection among random Rht3 genotypes showed that other genetic factors can be combined with the dwarfing gene to further increase sprouting damage resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293343
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Tom Thumb dwarfing gene Rht3 in wheat (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 66 (1983), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Dwarfism ; Yield ; Quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effects of the ‘Tom Thumb’ Rht3 dwarfing gene in wheat on plant height, yield components and grain quality in field trials of random inbred lines from two ‘Minister Dwarf’ (Rht3) x rht3 crosses are described. Limited genetic increases in Rht3 plant height, up to 70 cm, were achieved by incorporating genes from the extremely tall variety ‘April Bearded’. Amongst lines from the higher yielding cross, the dwarfing gene did not reduce grain yield but was associated with an increase in grain number of over 25%. Although Rht3 reduced grain protein content by up to 0.8%, breadmaking quality, as measured by SDS sedimentation values and baking tests, was not affected. A controlled environment experiment with near-isogenic Rht3 and rht3 lines indicated that reduced grain size in the dwarfs is a competitive response to the increase in fertility rather than a primary effect of the dwarfing gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251155
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic map locations for orthologous Vp1 genes in wheat and rice (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Maize ; Vivipary ; Grain colour ; Dormancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Chromosome locations for gene orthologues of the dormancy-related maize transcription factor VIVIPAROUS-1, encoded by the Vp1 locus on maize chromosome 3, were determined in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) via linkage to markers on existing molecular maps using a cDNA of a wheat Vp1 orthologue as a probe in genomic Southern analyses. Vp1-orthologous loci were detected on the long arms of wheat chromosomes 3A, 3B and 3D [Xlars10 (taVp1) loci] and rice chromosome 1 (osVp1), in line with previous evidence of synteny between these regions of the rice and wheat genomes and chromosome 3 of maize. The wheat loci mapped some 30 cM from the centromeres and some 30 cM proximal to the red grain (R) loci that control seed colour and coat-imposed dormancy. This unequivocal, genetic separation of the Vp1 and R loci may offer an opportunity for improving resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in wheat by combining the coat-imposed dormancy associated with red seed colour and true embryo dormancy regulated by Vp1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051069
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  • 4
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    Transcripts of Vp-1 homeologues are misspliced in modern wheat and ancestral species (2002)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-07-15
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    Papers from an international symposium on quantitative genetics and plant breeding (Baton Rouge, Louisiana, March 2001) (2003)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-07-28
    Print ISSN: 0018-067X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2540
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 6
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    Optimizing wheat grain yield: effects of Rht (gibberellin-insensitive) dwarfing genes (1997)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-02-01
    Description: Four sets of near-isogenic lines carrying different combinations of the alleles Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht-B1c for gibberellin-insensitive dwarfism in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were compared with tall controls in a series of yield trials in eastern England and central Germany. In all four varietal backgrounds the effects of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b were similar (plant height ≈ 86 and 83% of tall controls respectively) and in combination reduced plant height to c. 58%. The Rht-B1c allele caused more severe dwarfism (c. 50%) and, when combined with Rht-D1b, reduced plant height still further to c. 41%.Data from the trials were consistent with a model for height/yield relationships in which the pleiotropic effects of the Rht alleles on yield can be inferred from their primary function: insensitivity to gibberellin limits stem extension growth, decreasing assimilate demand for this organ and diverting it to the developing ear (which is not itself dwarfed). The net balance between the resulting increase in harvest index and the curvilinear relationship observed between plant height and total shoot yield results in optimum grain yields at intermediate plant heights.Yield advantages of shorter plants over tall controls were evident over several trials with mean grain yields ranging from 200 to 760 g m−2. The optimum plant height for yield improvement in different genetic backgrounds was achieved by different Rht alleles according to the background varietal height, such that intrinsically taller genotypes required more potent Rht alleles to achieve maximum potential grain yield.Ear yield components showed increases in grain number due to Rht pleiotropy, from which it is inferred that the number of grains per ear is limited by supply of assimilates pre-anthesis. Increases in grain number were associated with decreases in mean weight per grain which varied according to severity of dwarfism and varietal background, so that the net effect on grain yield per ear was sometimes positive, sometimes negative, and sometimes neutral in different Rht/variety combinations.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 7
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    Heterosis, overdominance for grain yield, and alpha-amylase activity in F1 hybrids between near-isogenic Rht dwarf and tall wheats (1997)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-12-01
    Description: The Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Rht-B1c alleles for reduced height in wheat (the Norin 10 and Tom Thumb dwarfing genes previously known as Rht1, Rht2 and Rht3) were exploited in combinations to generate a near-continuous range of plant heights, from 53 cm to 123 cm, amongst near-isogenic homozygotes and F1 hybrids. Pleiotropic yield effects of Rht genes were measured in both homozygous (intravarietal) and heterozygous (intervarietal) genetic backgrounds. Heterosis due to overdominance of Rht genes was detected among intravarietal hybrids. The effects of heterozygosity at other genetic loci (mean dominance) were determined, independently of Rht effects, from comparisons between intravarietal and intervarietal F1 hybrids.Genotypes of intermediate plant heights gave maximum yields, in agreement with other trials of the homozygous lines, so that heterosis (hybrid exceeding best parent) for Rht yield effects was observed in crosses between tall and dwarf isogenic pairs. This heterosis combined additively with increased mean weight per grain in intervarietal crosses, generating the highest overall grain yields in hybrids with semi-dwarf stature in heterozygous genetic backgrounds. The Rht-B1c allele showed single-gene overdominance for grain yield, also the production of alpha-amylase in ripening grains of Maris Huntsman was effectively inhibited in the Rht-B1a/c intravarietal hybrid. The Rht-B1c allele thus offers advantages for both grain yield and grain quality in the heterozygous condition and should be considered as an alternative to the conventional semi-dwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b for F1 varieties in environments conductive to preharvest sprouting.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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