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  • 1
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    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Warszawa, EGS, vol. 61, no. 10, pp. 1589-1623, pp. B05S16, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1971
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source ; Nuclear explosion ; Stress ; Toksoz ; BSSA
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-04-09
    Description: Article The mechanisms driving soil carbon storage, one of the largest stores of terrestrial carbon, remain poorly understood. Here, the authors present data from the long-term Jena Experiment on grassland biodiversity, showing that elevated carbon storage at high plant diversity is a direct function of increased soil microbial activity. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms7707 Authors: Markus Lange, Nico Eisenhauer, Carlos A. Sierra, Holger Bessler, Christoph Engels, Robert I. Griffiths, Perla G. Mellado-Vázquez, Ashish A. Malik, Jacques Roy, Stefan Scheu, Sibylle Steinbeiss, Bruce C. Thomson, Susan E. Trumbore, Gerd Gleixner
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: Viral infection has been associated with a starvation-like state in Drosophila melanogaster . Because starvation and inhibiting TOR kinase activity in vivo result in blocked oocyte production, we hypothesized that viral infection would also result in compromised oogenesis. Wild-type flies were injected with flock house virus (FHV) and survival and embryo production were monitored. Infected flies had a dose-responsive loss of fecundity that corresponded to a global reduction in Akt/TOR signaling. Highly penetrant egg chamber destruction mid-way through oogenesis was noted and FHV coat protein was detected within developing egg chambers. As seen with in vivo TOR inhibition, oogenesis was partially rescued in loss of function discs large and merlin mutants. As expected, mutants in genes known to be involved in virus internalization and trafficking [Clathrin heavy chain ( chc ) and synaptotagmin] survive longer during infection. However, oogenesis was rescued only in chc mutants. This suggests that viral response mechanisms that control fly survival and egg chamber survival are separable. The genetic and signaling requirements for oocyte destruction delineated here represent a novel host–virus interaction with implications for the control of both fly and virus populations. genesis, 1–13, 2012. © 2012 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Tuck, G. N., Phillips, R. A., Small, C., Thomson, R. B., Klaer, N. L., Taylor, F., Wanless, R. M., and Arrizabalaga, H. 2011. An assessment of seabird–fishery interactions in the Atlantic Ocean. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1628–1637. Currently, 17 of 22 albatross species are listed as Vulnerable, Endangered, or Critically endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Incidental mortality in fisheries is by far the most widespread cause of the population declines observed for these and other closely related species. In 2006, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) requested an assessment of the threat from their fisheries to all seabirds that breed or forage within their jurisdiction. Methods were developed to assess the potential consequences of fishing for more than 60 populations of seabird. The assessment framework involved the identification of at-risk populations, overlap analyses, estimation of total bycatch, and an evaluation of the impact of the bycatch on key selected populations for which there were sufficient data on bird distribution and demography. These were the wandering and black-browed albatrosses of South Georgia and the Atlantic yellow-nosed and Tristan albatrosses of Gough Island. Summary results from the seabird assessment are presented, revealing that ICCAT longline fisheries catch substantial numbers of seabirds, with potentially significant conservation implications. If this mortality is not reduced, the numbers of breeding birds in some populations will continue to decline, threatening their long-term viability.
    Print ISSN: 1054-3139
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9289
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2012-03-04
    Description: Viral infection has been associated with a starvation-like state in Drosophila melanogaster . Because starvation and inhibiting TOR kinase activity in vivo result in blocked oocyte production, we hypothesized that viral infection would also result in compromised oogenesis. Wild-type flies were injected with flock house virus (FHV) and survival and embryo production were monitored. Infected flies had a dose-responsive loss of fecundity that corresponded to a global reduction in Akt/TOR signaling. Highly penetrant egg chamber destruction mid-way through oogenesis was noted and FHV coat protein was detected within developing egg chambers. As seen with in vivo TOR inhibition, oogenesis was partially rescued in loss of function discs large and merlin mutants. As expected, mutants in genes known to be involved in virus internalization and trafficking [Clathrin heavy chain ( chc ) and synaptotagmin] survive longer during infection. However, oogenesis was rescued only in chc mutants. This suggests that viral response mechanisms that control fly survival and egg chamber survival are separable. The genetic and signaling requirements for oocyte destruction delineated here represent a novel host–virus interaction with implications for the control of both fly and virus populations. genesis, 1–13, 2012. © 2012 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-01-16
    Description: Despite the prevalence of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes in eukaryotic genomes, only a small proportion have been examined for biological function. lncRNAdb, available at http://lncrnadb.org , provides users with a comprehensive, manually curated reference database of 287 eukaryotic lncRNAs that have been described independently in the scientific literature. In addition to capturing a great proportion of the recent literature describing functions for individual lncRNAs, lncRNAdb now offers an improved user interface enabling greater accessibility to sequence information, expression data and the literature. The new features in lncRNAdb include the integration of Illumina Body Atlas expression profiles, nucleotide sequence information, a BLAST search tool and easy export of content via direct download or a REST API. lncRNAdb is now endorsed by RNAcentral and is in compliance with the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1998-06-11
    Description: Glial cells produce myelin and contribute to axonal morphology in the nervous system. Two myelin membrane proteolipids, PLP and DM20, were shown to be essential for the integrity of myelinated axons. In the absence of PLP-DM20, mice assembled compact myelin sheaths but subsequently developed widespread axonal swellings and degeneration, associated predominantly with small-caliber nerve fibers. Similar swellings were absent in dysmyelinated shiverer mice, which lack myelin basic protein (MBP), but recurred in MBP*PLP double mutants. Thus, fiber degeneration, which was probably secondary to impaired axonal transport, could indicate that myelinated axons require local oligodendroglial support.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Griffiths, I -- Klugmann, M -- Anderson, T -- Yool, D -- Thomson, C -- Schwab, M H -- Schneider, A -- Zimmermann, F -- McCulloch, M -- Nadon, N -- Nave, K A -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jun 5;280(5369):1610-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Applied Neurobiology Group, Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9616125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axonal Transport ; Axons/*physiology/*ultrastructure ; Cell Communication ; Central Nervous System/*ultrastructure ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Neurologic Mutants ; Models, Neurological ; Motor Activity ; Myelin Proteolipid Protein/analysis/genetics/*physiology ; Myelin Sheath/chemistry/physiology/ultrastructure ; Nerve Degeneration/*pathology ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Oligodendroglia/physiology ; Optic Nerve/ultrastructure ; Organelles/ultrastructure ; Spinal Cord/ultrastructure ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-03-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomson, Madeleine C -- Connor, Stephen J -- Zebiak, Stephen E -- Jancloes, Michel -- Mihretie, Abere -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 24;471(7339):440-2. doi: 10.1038/471440a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA. mthomson@iri.columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21430752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa/epidemiology ; *Climate ; Communicable Diseases/*epidemiology ; Databases, Factual ; Droughts/statistics & numerical data ; Floods/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Meteorology/*methods ; *Policy Making ; Public Health/*methods/trends ; Rain
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-06-15
    Description: While the effect of climate change on the prevalence of malaria in the highlands of Eastern Africa has been the topic of protracted debate, temperature is widely accepted as a fundamentally important environmental factor constraining its transmission. Air temperatures below approximately 18 °C and 15 °C, respectively, prohibit the development of the Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax parasites responsible for the majority of malaria cases in Ethiopia. Low temperatures also impede the development rates of the Anopheles mosquito vectors. While locations of sufficiently high elevation have temperatures below these transmission thresholds, a fundamental question is how such temperature ‘threshold elevations’ are changing with time. A lack of high quality, high spatial resolution climate data has previously prohibited a rigorous investigation. Using a newly developed national temperature dataset for Ethiopia that combines numerous in-situ surface observations wit...
    Print ISSN: 1748-9318
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-9326
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-10-17
    Description: Understanding galaxy formation and evolution requires studying the interplay between the growth of galaxies and the growth of their black holes across cosmic time. Here, we explore a sample of Hα-selected star-forming galaxies from the High Redshift Emission Line Survey and use the wealth of multiwavelength data in the Cosmic Evolution Survey field (X-rays, far-infrared and radio) to study the relative growth rates between typical galaxies and their central supermassive black holes, from z = 2.23 to z = 0. Typical star-forming galaxies at z ~ 1–2 have black hole accretion rates ( $\dot{M}_{\rm BH}$ ) of 0.001–0.01 M  yr –1 and star formation rates (SFRs) of ~10–40 M  yr –1 , and thus grow their stellar mass much quicker than their black hole mass (3.3±0.2 orders of magnitude faster). However, ~3 per cent of the sample (the sources detected directly in the X-rays) show a significantly quicker growth of the black hole mass (up to 1.5 orders of magnitude quicker growth than the typical sources). $\dot{M}_{\rm BH}$ falls from z = 2.23 to z = 0, with the decline resembling that of SFR density or the typical SFR (SFR*). We find that the average black hole to galaxy growth ( $\dot{M}_{\rm BH}$ /SFR) is approximately constant for star-forming galaxies in the last 11 Gyr. The relatively constant $\dot{M}_{\rm BH}$ /SFR suggests that these two quantities evolve equivalently through cosmic time and with practically no delay between the two.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
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