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  • 1
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    Zooplankton‐derived dissolved organic matter composition and its bioavailability to natural prokaryotic communities (2022)
    De Corte, Daniele ; Varela, Marta M. ; Louro, Angeles M. ; [et al.]
    John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | Hoboken, USA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-14
    Description: Zooplankton grazing onphytoplankton promotes the release of particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the water column and therefore plays a key role in organic matter cycling in aquatic systems. Prokaryotes are the main DOM consumers in the ocean by actively remineralizing and transforming it, contributing to its molecular diversification. To explore the molecular composition of zooplankton‐derived DOM and its bioavailability to natural prokaryotic communities, the DOM generated by a mixed zooplankton community in the coastal Atlantic off Spain was used as substrate for a natural prokaryotic community and monitored over a ~ 5‐d incubation experiment. The molecular composition of solid‐phase extracted DOM was characterized via Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. After ~ 4 d in the zooplankton‐derived DOM amended incubation, the prokaryotic community demonstrated a 17‐fold exponential increase in cell number. The prokaryotic growth resulted in a reduction in bulk dissolved organic carbon concentration and the zooplankton‐derived DOM was considerably transformed at molecular and bulk elemental levels over the incubation period. The C : N ratio (calculated from the obtained molecular formulae) increased while the functional diversity decreased over the incubation time. In addition, molecular indices pointed to a reduced bioavailability of DOM at the end of the experiment. These findings show that zooplankton excreta are a source of labile organic matter that is quickly metabolized by the prokaryotic community. Therefore, a fraction of carbon is shunted from transfer to secondary consumers similarly to the viral shunt, suggesting that the zooplankton–prokaryotic interactions play an important role in the ocean's carbon cycle.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: Xunta de Galicia http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010801
    Keywords: ddc:577.7 ; Spain ; coastal Atlantic ; zooplankton–prokaryotic interactions ; ocean’s carbon cycle
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytoplankton biomass and production in shelf waters off NW Spain: spatial and seasonal variability in relation to upwelling (1996)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 341 (1996), S. 225-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; biomass ; upwelling ; seasonal pattern ; N-NW Spain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Chlorophyll-a and primary production on the euphotic zone of the N-NW Spanish shelf were studied at 125 stations between 1984 and 1992. Three geographic areas (Cantabrian Sea, Rías Altas and Was Baixas), three bathymetric ranges (20 to 60 m, 60 to 150 m and stations deeper than 200 m), and four oceanographic stages (spring and autumn blooms, summer upwelling, summer stratification and winter mixing) were considered. One of the major sources of variability of chlorophyll and production data was season. Bloom and summer upwelling stages have equivalent mean and maximum values. Average chlorophyll-a concentrations approximately doubled in every step of the increasing productivity sequence: winter mixing — summer stratification — high productivity (upwelling and bloom) stages. Average primary production rates increased only 60% in the described sequence. Mean (± sd) values of chlorophyll-a and primary production rates during the high productivity stages were 59.7 ± 39.5 mg Chl-a m−2 and 86.9 ± 44.0 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively. Significant differences in both chlorophyll and primary production resulted between geographic areas in most stages. Only 27 stations showed the effects of the summer upwelling that affected coastal areas in the Cantabrian Sea and Rías Baixas shelf, but also shelf-break stations in the Rías Altas area. The Rías Baixas area had lower chlorophyll than both the Rías Altas and the Cantabrian Sea areas during spring and autumn blooms, but higher during summer upwelling events. On the contrary, primary production rates were higher in the Rías Baixas area during blooms in spring and autumn. Mid-shelf areas showed the highest chlorophyll concentrations during high productivity stages, probably due to the existence of frontal zones in all geographic areas considered. The estimated phytoplankton growth rates were comparable to those of other coastal upwelling systems, with average values lower than the maximum potential growth rates. Doubling rates for upwelling and stratification stages in the northern and Rías Altas shelf areas were equivalent, despite larger biomass accumulations during upwelling events. Low turnover rates of the existing biomass in the Rías Baixas shelf in upwelling stages suggests that the accumulation of phytoplankton was due mainly to the export from the highly productive rías, while the contribution of in situ production to these accumulations was relatively lower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014687
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Biomass and stable isotope composition of plankton in five size fractions along a zonal transect (24°N) from the Canary Islands to Florida in January-March 2011 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Mompeán, Carmen; Bode, Antonio; Benítez-Barrios, Verónica M; Domínguez-Yanes, J Francisco; Escánez, José; Eugenio, Fraile-Nuez (2013): Spatial patterns of plankton biomass and stable isotopes reflect the influence of the nitrogen-fixer Trichodesmium along the subtropical North Atlantic. Journal of Plankton Research, 35(3), 513-525, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbt011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The spatial variability of biomass and stable isotopes in plankton size fractions in the upper 200 m was studied in a high spatial resolution transect along 24°N from Canary Islands to Florida (January - March 2011) during Leg 8 of the Malaspina-2010 expedition (http://www.expedicionmalaspina.es) to determine nitrogen and carbon sources. Plankton samples were collected by vertical tows of a microplankton net (40 mm mesh size) and a mesoplankton net (200 mm mesh size) through the upper 200 m of the water column. Sampling was between 10:00 and 16:00 h GMT. Plankton was separated into five size fractions (40 - 200, 200 - 500, 500 - 1000, 1000 - 2000 and 〉 2000 mm) by gentle filtration of the samples by a graded series of nylon sieves (2000, 1000, 500, 200 and 40 mm). Large gelatinous organisms were removed before filtration. Aliquots for each size fraction were collected on pre-weighed glass-fibre filters, dried (60°C, 48 h) and stored in a desiccator before determination of biomass (dry weight), carbon and nitrogen content and natural abundance of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes ashore. Vertical advection of waters predominated in lateral zones while the central Atlantic (30-70°W) was characterized by a strong stratification and oligotrophic surface waters. Plankton biomass was low in the central zone and high in both eastern and western sides, with most of the variability due to either large (〉2000 µm) and small plankton (〈500 µm). Carbon isotopes reflected mainly the advection the deep water in lateral zones. Stable nitrogen isotopes showed a nearly symmetrical spatial distribution in all fractions, with the lowest values (delta15N 〈1per mill) in the central zone, and were inversely correlated to carbon stable isotopes (delta13C) and to the abundance of the nitrogen-fixer Trichodesmium. Diazotrophy was estimated to account for 〉50% of organic nitrogen in the central zone, and even 〉30% in eastern and western zones. The impact of diazotrophy increased with the size of the organisms, supporting the wide participation of all trophic levels in the processing of recently fixed nitrogen. These results indicate that atmospheric sources of carbon and nitrogen prevail over deep water sources in the subtropical North Atlantic and that the zone influenced by diazotrophy is much larger than reported in previous studies.
    Keywords: Basin Scale Analysis, Synthesis and Integration; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Element analyser CHNS-O, Carlo Erba EA1108; EURO-BASIN; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MALASPINA_LEG8; MALASPINA_LEG8_012-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_016-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_020-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_024-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_027-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_030-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_033-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_037-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_039-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_040-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_043-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_045-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_048-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_052-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_055-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_059-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_061-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_064-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_068-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_071-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_075-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_078-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_082-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_085-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_088-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_091-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_094-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_097-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_100-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_104-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_107-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_110-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_113-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_116-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_120-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_125-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_128-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_133-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_137-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_143-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_149-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_157-1; MALASPINA_LEG8_161-1; MALASPINA-2010; Malaspina circumnavigation expedition; Mass spectrometer Finnigan Delta Plus; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; Plankton, biomass as carbon; Plankton, biomass as dry weight; Plankton, biomass as nitrogen; Sarmiento de Gamboa; station: 012; station: 016; station: 020; station: 024; station: 027; station: 030; station: 033; station: 037; station: 039; station: 040; station: 043; station: 045; station: 048; station: 052; station: 055; station: 059; station: 061-1; station: 064; station: 068; station: 071-1; station: 075; station: 078-1; station: 082; station: 085; station: 088; station: 091; station: 094; station: 097; station: 100; station: 104; station: 107; station: 110; station: 113; station: 116; station: 120; station: 125; station: 128; station: 133; station: 137; station: 143; station: 149; station: 157; station: 161-1; Subtropical North Atlantic; Weighted; δ13C, plankton; δ15N, plankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1161 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Global distributions of diazotrophs abundance, biomass and nitrogen fixation rates - Gridded data product (NetCDF) - Contribution to the MAREDAT World Ocean Atlas of Plankton Functional Types (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Luo, Yawei; Doney, Scott C; Anderson, L A; Benavides, Mar; Berman-Frank, I; Bode, Antonio; Bonnet, S; Boström, Kjärstin H; Böttjer, D; Capone, D G; Carpenter, E J; Chen, Yaw-Lin; Church, Matthew J; Dore, John E; Falcón, Luisa I; Fernández, A; Foster, R A; Furuya, Ken; Gomez, Fernando; Gundersen, Kjell; Hynes, Annette M; Karl, David Michael; Kitajima, Satoshi; Langlois, Rebecca; LaRoche, Julie; Letelier, Ricardo M; Marañón, Emilio; McGillicuddy Jr, Dennis J; Moisander, Pia H; Moore, C Mark; Mouriño-Carballido, Beatriz; Mulholland, Margaret R; Needoba, Joseph A; Orcutt, Karen M; Poulton, Alex J; Rahav, Eyal; Raimbault, Patrick; Rees, Andrew; Riemann, Lasse; Shiozaki, Takuhei; Subramaniam, Ajit; Tyrrell, Toby; Turk-Kubo, Kendra A; Varela, Manuel; Villareal, Tracy A; Webb, Eric A; White, Angelicque E; Wu, Jingfeng; Zehr, Jonathan P (2012): Database of diazotrophs in global ocean: abundance, biomass and nitrogen fixation rates. Earth System Science Data, 4, 47-73, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-4-47-2012
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-27
    Description: The MAREDAT atlas covers 11 types of plankton, ranging in size from bacteria to jellyfish. Together, these plankton groups determine the health and productivity of the global ocean and play a vital role in the global carbon cycle. Working within a uniform and consistent spatial and depth grid (map) of the global ocean, the researchers compiled thousands and tens of thousands of data points to identify regions of plankton abundance and scarcity as well as areas of data abundance and scarcity. At many of the grid points, the MAREDAT team accomplished the difficult conversion from abundance (numbers of organisms) to biomass (carbon mass of organisms). The MAREDAT atlas provides an unprecedented global data set for ecological and biochemical analysis and modeling as well as a clear mandate for compiling additional existing data and for focusing future data gathering efforts on key groups in key areas of the ocean. This is a gridded data product about diazotrophic organisms . There are 6 variables. Each variable is gridded on a dimension of 360 (longitude) * 180 (latitude) * 33 (depth) * 12 (month). The first group of 3 variables are: (1) number of biomass observations, (2) biomass, and (3) special nifH-gene-based biomass. The second group of 3 variables is same as the first group except that it only grids non-zero data. We have constructed a database on diazotrophic organisms in the global pelagic upper ocean by compiling more than 11,000 direct field measurements including 3 sub-databases: (1) nitrogen fixation rates, (2) cyanobacterial diazotroph abundances from cell counts and (3) cyanobacterial diazotroph abundances from qPCR assays targeting nifH genes. Biomass conversion factors are estimated based on cell sizes to convert abundance data to diazotrophic biomass. Data are assigned to 3 groups including Trichodesmium, unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria (group A, B and C when applicable) and heterocystous cyanobacteria (Richelia and Calothrix). Total nitrogen fixation rates and diazotrophic biomass are calculated by summing the values from all the groups. Some of nitrogen fixation rates are whole seawater measurements and are used as total nitrogen fixation rates. Both volumetric and depth-integrated values were reported. Depth-integrated values are also calculated for those vertical profiles with values at 3 or more depths.
    Keywords: MAREMIP; MARine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 1.7 MBytes
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  • 5
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    Stable isotopes and C/N ratios of three copepod taxa collected at a shelf station in the south of Bay of Biscay (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-25
    Keywords: Acartia spp., carbon/nitrogen ratio; Acartia spp., δ13C; Acartia spp., δ15N; Calanus spp., carbon/nitrogen ratio; Calanus spp., δ13C; Calanus spp., δ15N; Centropages spp., carbon/nitrogen ratio; Centropages spp., δ13C; Centropages spp., δ15N; DATE/TIME; E2GI; Event label; Mass spectrometer Finnigan Delta Plus; NW-Spain; PLA; Plankton net; Sample amount, subset; Time of day
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 140 data points
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  • 6
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    Phytoplankton abundance and water variables during 2011 in a salinity gradient near A Coruña (Galicia, Spain) (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bode, Antonio; Varela, Manuel; Prego, Ricardo; Rozada, Fernando; Santos, Martín D (2017): The relative effects of upwelling and river flow on the phytoplankton diversity patterns in the ria of A Coruña (NW Spain). Marine Biology, 164(4), 93, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-017-3126-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Monthly observations of phytoplankton taxa along with water variables collected in surface waters of a salinity gradient near A Coruña during 2011 are provided. The gradient include stations in marine (A Coruña Bay), estuarine (Ria do Burgo) and freshwater environments (river Mero and Cecebre reservoir). Marine waters were incluenced by coastal upwelling and the river flow was controlled by freshwater discharges from the reservoir. Phytoplankton taxa were identified by microscope at the species level where possible. Water variables include: temperature, salinity, conductivity, dissolved inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, and silicate), chlorophylls (a, b and c), concentration of hmic and aminoacid-like dissolved substances, dissolved organic carbon and particulate carbon and nitrogen.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes of plankton samples and selected copoepods around the Iberan Peninsula 2001-2004 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bode, Antonio; Alvarez-Ossorio, María Teresa; Cunha, M Emilia; Garrido, Susana; Peleteiro, J Benito; Porteiro, Carmela; Valdés, Luis; Varela, Manuel (2007): Stable nitrogen isotope studies of the pelagic food web on the Atlantic shelf of the Iberian Peninsula. Progress in Oceanography, 74(2-3), 115-131, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2007.04.005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The structure and variability of pelagic food webs along the north and northwestern shelf of the Iberian Peninsula were analysed using natural abundance of nitrogen stable isotopes of plankton and pelagic consumers. Plankton composition was mainly studied in size-fractionated samples, but also the isotopic signatures of three copepod species, as representative of primary consumers, were considered. Several fish species were included as planktivorous consumers, with special attention to sardine (Sardina pilchardus). Finally, top pelagic consumers were represented by the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis). The relationship between trophic position and body size implies large variability in the ratio of predator to prey sizes, likely because widespread omnivory and plankton consumption by relatively large predators. Planktivorous species share a common trophic position, suggesting potential competition for food, and low nitrogen isotope enrichment between prey and consumers suggest nutrient limitation and recycling at the base of the food web. Both experimental and field evidences indicate that the muscle of sardine integrates fish diet over seasonal periods and reflects the composition of plankton from large shelf areas. The low mobility of sardines during periods of low population size is consistent with differential isotopic signatures found in shelf zones characterised by upwelling nutrient inputs.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 8
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    Stable isotopes and C and N composition of seston and mesozooplankton in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bode, Antonio; Hernández-León, Santiago (2018): Trophic diversity of plankton in epipelagic and mesopelagic layers of the tropical and equatorial Atlantic determined with stable isotopes. Diversity, 10, 48, https://doi.org/10.3390/d10020048
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Carbon and nitrogen elemental composition along with natural abundance of stable isotopes in seston and zooplankton specimens (〉200 µm) were measured in samples collected at 12 stations in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic. Seston samples were collected with Niskin bottles and zooplankton with a MOCNESS-1 net in the epipelagic (0-200 m), upper mesopelagic (200-500 m) and lower mesopelagic layers (500-800 m). Zooplankton specimens were representative of the main trophic guilds (herbivorous copepods, omnivorous-carnivorous copepods, large crustacean mesozooplankton and chaetognaths) according to the literature.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 9
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    Monthly data of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in seston, sedimented particles, and plankton size-fractions for a shelf station off A Coruña (NW Spain): 2010-2011 (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Water-column integrated measurements of natural abundance of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in seston, sediment trap particles and in four plankton size-fractions (200-5000µm) in montlhy samples collected in a shelf station off A Coruña (NW Spain) between 2010 and 2011.
    Keywords: Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; DATE/TIME; E2CO_MI; E2CO_Multiple_Investigations; Galicia Margin; MULT; Multiple investigations; plankton; RADIALES; sediment trap; seRies temporAles De oceanografIA en eL norte de ESpaña; seston; Stable isotopes; Upwelling; δ13C; δ15N
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 429 data points
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  • 10
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    Nitrogen fixation rate of Trichodesmium spp. and N2 fixation in the Atlantic Ocean (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Keywords: Atlantic; Calculated after Luo et al. (2012); Chlorophyll a as carbon; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Event label; Hesperides_01a; Hesperides_02a; Hesperides_03a; Hesperides_04a; Hesperides_05a; Hesperides_06a; Hesperides_07a; Hesperides_08a; Hesperides_09a; Hesperides_10a; Hesperides_11a; Hesperides_12a; Hesperides_13a; Hesperides_14a; Hesperides_15a; Hesperides_16a; Hesperides_17a; Hesperides_18a; Hesperides_19a; Hesperides_20a; Hesperides_21a; Hesperides_22a; Hesperides_23a; Hesperides_24a; Hesperides_25a; Hesperides_26a; Hesperides_27a; Hesperides_28a; Hesperides_29a; Hesperides_30a; Hesperides_31a; Hesperides_32a; Hesperides_33a; Hesperides_34a; Hesperides_35a; Hesperides_36a; Hesperides_37a; Hesperides_38a; Hesperides_39a; Hesperides_40a; Hesperides_41a; Hesperides_42a; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MAREDAT_Diazotrophs_Collection; Nitrate; Nitrogen Fixation (C2H2 Reduction); Nitrogen fixation rate, total; Nitrogen fixation rate, whole seawater; Phosphate; Salinity; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 777 data points
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