ISSN:
1432-1130
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
Notes:
Abstract Flat and highly (111) oriented gold and silver films were prepared by physical vapour deposition (PVD) using optimized deposition parameters. On these films, which were characterized with atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), titanium dioxide films were deposited by electron beam evaporation and dip coating. Dip coating from titanium tetraisopropoxide solutions resulted in films with different morphology and coverage depending on the alkoxide concentration (0.009 mol/L – 0.60 mol/L) and the post-treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and AFM revealed that the deposited TiO2 consists of amorphous, highly porous islands when the applied alkoxide concentration is high (0.05 mol/L – 0.6 mol/L). At higher temperatures these amorphous TiO2 islands sintered significantly and crystallized to anatase. In contrast, transparent TiO2 films were obtained from low concentrated alkoxide solutions (〈 0.01 mol/L) which covered the whole substrate, similar to electron beam evaporated thin films. Sputter profiles with ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) indicated that the film thickness is in the range of 2 nm when alkoxide solutions with a concentration of 9 mmol/L are used. The deposition of TiO2 by electron beam evaporation normally resulted in significantly reduced TiO2 films, completely oxidized ones were obtained when deposition was performed at elevated oxygen partial pressures (p(O2) 〉 2 × 10–5 mbar).
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050354
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