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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of orthogonal X-wire arrays for structure investigation in a turbulent boundary layer (1993)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 15 (1993), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This note focuses on details of the experimental technique used to obtain simultaneous velocity measurements from two orthogonal arrays of X-wires and its potential for extracting information on various aspects of the organized motion. The experiments were carried out in a rough wall turbulent boundary layer in an attempt to obtain some insight into the 3-D nature of the large scale motion. Although information is only obtained in two orthogonal planes, it is shown that the technique can provide useful information about the 3-D nature of the large structures. Relative to large scale structure detections in the (x, y) plane, the most probable pattern in the (x, z) plane consists of counter-rotating vortical motions of approximately equal strength. Co-rotating patterns are strongly asymmetrical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223400
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scaling of the bursting period in turbulent rough wall boundary layers (1993)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 15 (1993), S. 82-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements in laboratory rough wall turbulent boundary layers have been made over a sufficient Reynolds number range for independence on the Reynolds number to be established adequately. The data have been analyzed with respect to the average period between ejections and sweeps, using methods previously applied to smooth wall flows. The results clearly show that the period is independent of Reynolds number when it is scaled on outer variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195600
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulence reduction in the mixing layer of a plane jet using small cylinders (1998)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 25 (1998), S. 96-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The influence of small diameter cylinders placed at the nozzle exit plane on the development of a plane jet mixing layer is investigated using a single hot wire at a jet Reynolds number of about 23000. There is a reduction in both the growth rate and the momentum thickness of the jet as well as a 20% reduction in the maximum value of u′, the rms longitudinal velocity fluctuation u. The jet virtual origin is shifted downstream and distributions of the normalized mean velocity, u′, skewness and flatness factors of u exhibit much better similarity than in the absence of the cylinder. Spectral measurements indicate that downstream of the cylinder, the peak amplitude at the roll-up or instability frequency is greatly reduced or even suppressed. Two different diameter cylinders, placed independently at several locations in the shear layer yielded similar results. A model based on an interaction between the organized motion in the mixing layer and the vortical structures shed by the cylinder is consistent with our observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050212
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comment on the “linear” law of the wall for fully developed turbulent channel flow (1998)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 25 (1998), S. 165-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  In fully developed turbulent channel or pipe flows, the validity of a viscous sublayer with a quadratic mean velocity profile strictly requires the gradient of the Reynolds shear stress to be negligible compared to the gradient of the viscous shear stress. Direct numerical simulations suggest that this requirement is satisfied only in the limit y +→0. The use of a quartic, instead of quadratic, profile represents the available numerical and experimental mean velocity data satisfactorily in the region y +〈10.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050221
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advantages of using a power law in a low Rθ turbulent boundary layer (1997)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 22 (1997), S. 348-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  At low values of the momentum thickness Reynolds number, R θ, a relatively accurate estimate of the friction velocity U r can be obtained by assuming a power law velocity distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050058
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of wire diameter and overheat ratio near a conducting wall (1985)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 3 (1985), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence on several hot wire measurements of the diameter d and overheat ratio a of a wire placed near a conducting wall in a turbulent boundary layer is investigated. These measurements include the mean velocity and second, third and fourth order moments of the longitudinal velocity fluctuation u. A decrease in either d or a reduces the departure of the measured mean velocity from the expected linear sublayer value. The measured influence of d and a precludes the use of a universal correction for the mean velocity. There is no influence of a on the rms, skewness and flatness factors of u. Only a small increase is found in the skewness and flatness factors of u when d is decreased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280448
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of wire length on temperature statistics in a turbulent wake (1987)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 5 (1987), S. 426-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264410
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of wires and wire spacing for X-wires (1988)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 6 (1988), S. 286-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract X-wires are commonly used to obtain two components of the fluctuating velocity in a turbulent flow. Data obtained from the experiments of others and from our own experiments is used to provide design information that can be used as a guide in the selection of diameter, length and spacing of the wires that are used to make such X-wires. The selection is based on an expectancy that the errors in the measured data will then not exceed 4%. Selections for lower expected errors can also be made. Although the experiments have been carried out in specific flows, the results are reported in terms of the Kolmogorov flow scale and it is expected that they will therefore have general applicability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187371
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF SMALL-SCALE TURBULENCE (1997)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 29 (1997), S. 435-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: I have sometimes thought that what makes a man's work classic is often just this multiplicity [of interpretations], which invites and at the same time resists our craving for a clear understanding. Wright (1982, p. 34), on Wittgenstein's philosophy Small-scale turbulence has been an area of especially active research in the recent past, and several useful research directions have been pursued. Here, we selectively review this work. The emphasis is on scaling phenomenology and kinematics of small-scale structure. After providing a brief introduction to the classical notions of universality due to Kolmogorov and others, we survey the existing work on intermittency, refined similarity hypotheses, anomalous scaling exponents, derivative statistics, intermittency models, and the structure and kinematics of small-scale structure-the latter aspect coming largely from the direct numerical simulation of homogeneous turbulence in a periodic box.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.29.1.435
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conditional Sampling in Turbulence Measurement (1981)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 13 (1981), S. 131-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.13.010181.001023
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