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  • 1
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    Meikin is a conserved regulator of meiosis-I-specific kinetochore function (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-24
    Description: The kinetochore is the crucial apparatus regulating chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis. Particularly in meiosis I, unlike in mitosis, sister kinetochores are captured by microtubules emanating from the same spindle pole (mono-orientation) and centromeric cohesion mediated by cohesin is protected in the following anaphase. Although meiotic kinetochore factors have been identified only in budding and fission yeasts, these molecules and their functions are thought to have diverged earlier. Therefore, a conserved mechanism for meiotic kinetochore regulation remains elusive. Here we have identified in mouse a meiosis-specific kinetochore factor that we termed MEIKIN, which functions in meiosis I but not in meiosis II or mitosis. MEIKIN plays a crucial role in both mono-orientation and centromeric cohesion protection, partly by stabilizing the localization of the cohesin protector shugoshin. These functions are mediated mainly by the activity of Polo-like kinase PLK1, which is enriched to kinetochores in a MEIKIN-dependent manner. Our integrative analysis indicates that the long-awaited key regulator of meiotic kinetochore function is Meikin, which is conserved from yeasts to humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, Jihye -- Ishiguro, Kei-ichiro -- Nambu, Aya -- Akiyoshi, Bungo -- Yokobayashi, Shihori -- Kagami, Ayano -- Ishiguro, Tadashi -- Pendas, Alberto M -- Takeda, Naoki -- Sakakibara, Yogo -- Kitajima, Tomoya S -- Tanno, Yuji -- Sakuno, Takeshi -- Watanabe, Yoshinori -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jan 22;517(7535):466-71. doi: 10.1038/nature14097. Epub 2014 Dec 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Chromosome Dynamics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1Yayoi, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan. ; Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular del Cancer (CSIC-USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain. ; Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811 Japan. ; Laboratory for Chromosome Segregation, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25533956" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Centromere/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; *Conserved Sequence ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility/genetics/metabolism ; Kinetochores/*metabolism ; Male ; *Meiosis ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical mapping of 5S rDNA reveals a new locus on 3R and unexpected complexity in a rye translocation used in chromosome mapping (1994)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 103 (1994), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probe pScT7, three different 5S rDNA loci were detected in the satellite of rye chromosome 1R (5SDna-R1) and in the short arms of chromosomes 3R (5SDna-R3) and 5R (5SDna-R2) respectively. All three loci showed polymorphism for the hybridization signal intensity. In order to determine the localization of these rye 5S rDNA multigene loci with higher precision within the corresponding chromosome arms, the probe pScT7 was physically mapped by FISH in relation to the following five translocations (Wageningen Tester Set): T850W (1RS/4RL), T248W (1RS/6RS), T273W (1RS/5RL), T305W (2RS/5RS) and T240W (3RS/5RL). Accurate physical maps of the translocation breakpoints had previously been made using electron microscope analysis of spread pachytene synaptonemal complexes of heterozygotes for the different translocations. The results indicate that locus 5SDna-R3 is located between the breakpoint of translocation T240W and the telomere, whereas locus 5SDna-R2 is located between the breakpoint of translocation T305W and the centromere, the hybridization of probe pScT7 on T305W translocated chromosomes demonstrating the complex nature of this translocation. On the other hand, the simultaneous detection of probes pScT7 and pTA71 (18S-5.8S-26S rDNA) with two different fluorochromes, indicated that the breakpoints of translocations T850W and T248W are located between loci Nor-R1 and 5SDna-R1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417880
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvements to Atlantic salmon anterior kidney metaphase yields following phytohemaglutinin injection (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 42 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Increased and reproducible yields of metaphase spreads were obtained when Atlantic salmon parr were injected parenterally with PHA (0.03 mgg-1). Maximum yields were obtained when two separate injections were given at 72 and 36 h prior to sacrifice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1993.tb00386.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome polymorphism in wild Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., from Asturias, northern Spain (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Nine samples of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., from four different rivers in Asturias (northern Spain) and three different life stages (fry, parr, adult) were karyotyped. The distributions of 2n chromosome numbers in the samples were not statistically different, suggesting the Asturian Salmo salar populations have the same chromosomal polymorphism make-up. They were, however, significantly different from populations in Scotland and Norway used to stock many Asturian rivers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1992.tb00599.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal and morphological analysis of two populations of Salmo trutta sbp. fario employed in repopulation (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 35 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two stocks of brown trout employed in repopulating the rivers of Asturias (northern Spain) were morphologically and karyotypically analysed. Both stocks were significantly different. The foreign stock was less adequate for repopulation than the autochthonous stock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1989.tb03035.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure of a stocking policy, of hatchery reared brown trout, Salmo trutta L., in Asturias, Spain, detected using LDH-5* as a genetic marker (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 39 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A useful genetic marker exists through the apparent fixation of the LDH-5*100 allele in wild populations of brown trout in rivers from Asturias, Spain, contrasted with the near fixation of the LDH-5*90 allele in hatchery populations used to stock these rivers. In sampling locations where natural reproduction occurred, the *100 allele was found exclusively in all areas having no record of hatchery stocking. The *100 allele also predominated in three stocked areas having natural reproduction; in two of these areas a few individuals of the 0 + age class were homozygous for the *90 allele. These data indicated that all catchable and reproductive fish originated from indigenous populations and thus the policy of hatchery supplementation was a failure in these areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb05075.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimates of gene flow among neighbouring populations of brown trout (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 46 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Between-population gene flow was estimated in neighbouring freshwater and anadromous Salmo trutta populations from Asturias, Northern Spain. Populations from the same drainage showed a high mean level of gene flow. Gene flow was also found between populations from different drainages and was negatively related to the distance between river mouths. The strength of the homing orientation of migratory individuals (sea trout) is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01099.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical mapping of 5S rDNA reveals a new locus on 3R and unexpected complexity in a rye translocation used in chromosome mapping (1994)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 103 (1994), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probe pScT7, three different 5S rDNA loci were detected in the satellite of rye chromosome 1R (5SDna-R1) and in the short arms of chromosomes 3R (5SDna-R3) and 5R (5SDna-R2) respectively. All three loci showed polymorphism for the hybridization signal intensity. In order to determine the localization of these rye 5S rDNA multigene loci with higher precision within the corresponding chromosome arms, the probe pScT7 was physically mapped by FISH in relation to the following five translocations (Wageningen Tester Set): T850W (1RS/4RL), T248W (1RS/6RS), T273W (1RS/5RL), T305W (2RS/5RS) and T240W (3RS/5RL). Accurate physical maps of the translocation breakpoints had previously been made using electron microscope analysis of spread pachytene synaptonemal complexes of heterozygotes for the different translocations. The results indicate that locus 5SDna-R3 is located between the breakpoint of translocation T240W and the telomere, whereas locus 5SDna-R2 is located between the breakpoint of translocation T305W and the centromere, the hybridization of probe pScT7 on T305W translocated chromosomes demonstrating the complex nature of this translocation. On the other hand, the simultaneous detection of probes pScT7 and pTA71 (18S-5.8S-26S rDNA) with two different fluorochromes, indicated that the breakpoints of translocations T850W and T248W are located between loci Nor-R1 and 5SDna-R1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417880
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genomic analysis of the vitellogenin locus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reveals a complex history of gene amplification and retroposon activity (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 263 (2000), S. 828-837 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Salmonidae ; Vitellogenin ; Tandem arrays ; Gene amplification ; Retrotransposon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Vitellogenins (Vtg) are the major yolk proteins in most oviparous organisms. They are encoded by a small number of genes – between one and four depending on the species. Characterization of the Vtg region in the genome of the rainbow trout reveals unusual features, however, in that this locus contains twenty complete genes and ten pseudogenes per haploid genome. The Vtg genes differ from each other by insertion, deletion and rearrangement events, although, at the sequence level, they show a high degree of similarity. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Southern analysis indicate that all gene copies are contained in a single 1500-kb region, and that most of the genes form tandem arrays separated by a conserved 4.5-kb intergenic region. The presence of large reiterated fragments indicates that this region has been subjected to several amplification events. The presence of a retroposon element (called I9) in Vtg intron 9 appears to be responsible for the silencing of at least nine of the ten pseudogenes. Two other incomplete retrotransposons (one LTR- and one LINE-type) and sequences derived from a HIV-like retrovirus are inserted into the conserved intergenic region, very close to the transcription start site. Their presence in all Vtg 5′-flanking regions suggests a possible role in gene amplification at this locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380000247
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies in individual spawnings of Salmo salar: a model to explain chromosome polymorphism patterns (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1992), S. 61-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Salmo salar ; Offspring ; Robertsonian polymorphism ; Genetic pattern ; Chromosome number
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Atlantic salmon fry from nine offspring belonging to individual spawnings were karyotyped. Different patterns of Robertsonian chromosome polymorphism were obtained. A theoretical model is developed to explain the different chromosome polymorphism patterns in Salmo salar offspring in terms of the chromosome numbers of the parents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223845
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