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  • 1
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    CO2 leakage alters biogeochemical and ecological functions of submarine sands (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: Subseabed CO 2 storage is considered a future climate change mitigation technology. We investigated the ecological consequences of CO 2 leakage for a marine benthic ecosystem. For the first time with a multidisciplinary integrated study, we tested hypotheses derived from a meta-analysis of previous experimental and in situ high-CO 2 impact studies. For this, we compared ecological functions of naturally CO 2 -vented seafloor off the Mediterranean island Panarea (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) to those of nonvented sands, with a focus on biogeochemical processes and microbial and faunal community composition. High CO 2 fluxes (up to 4 to 7 mol CO 2 m –2 hour –1 ) dissolved all sedimentary carbonate, and comigration of silicate and iron led to local increases of microphytobenthos productivity (+450%) and standing stocks (+300%). Despite the higher food availability, faunal biomass (–80%) and trophic diversity were substantially lower compared to those at the reference site. Bacterial communities were also structurally and functionally affected, most notably in the composition of heterotrophs and microbial sulfate reduction rates (–90%). The observed ecological effects of CO 2 leakage on submarine sands were reproduced with medium-term transplant experiments. This study assesses indicators of environmental impact by CO 2 leakage and finds that community compositions and important ecological functions are permanently altered under high CO 2 .
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Microbial reefs in the Black Sea fueled by anaerobic oxidation of methane (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-10
    Description: Massive microbial mats covering up to 4-meter-high carbonate buildups prosper at methane seeps in anoxic waters of the northwestern Black Sea shelf. Strong 13C depletions indicate an incorporation of methane carbon into carbonates, bulk biomass, and specific lipids. The mats mainly consist of densely aggregated archaea (phylogenetic ANME-1 cluster) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus group). If incubated in vitro, these mats perform anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulfate reduction. Obviously, anaerobic microbial consortia can generate both carbonate precipitation and substantial biomass accumulation, which has implications for our understanding of carbon cycling during earlier periods of Earth's history.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michaelis, Walter -- Seifert, Richard -- Nauhaus, Katja -- Treude, Tina -- Thiel, Volker -- Blumenberg, Martin -- Knittel, Katrin -- Gieseke, Armin -- Peterknecht, Katharina -- Pape, Thomas -- Boetius, Antje -- Amann, Rudolf -- Jorgensen, Bo Barker -- Widdel, Friedrich -- Peckmann, Jorn -- Pimenov, Nikolai V -- Gulin, Maksim B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 9;297(5583):1013-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biogeochemistry and Marine Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. michaelis@geowiss.uni-hamburg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12169733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Archaea/growth & development/*metabolism ; Biomass ; Carbonates/metabolism ; Chemical Precipitation ; Deltaproteobacteria/growth & development/*metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments ; Lipid Metabolism ; Methane/*metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Sulfates/metabolism ; Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria/growth & development/metabolism ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    In situ development of a methanotrophic microbiome in deep-sea sediments (2018)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-29
    Description: In situ development of a methanotrophic microbiome in deep-sea sediments In situ development of a methanotrophic microbiome in deep-sea sediments, Published online: 28 August 2018; doi:10.1038/s41396-018-0263-1 In situ development of a methanotrophic microbiome in deep-sea sediments
    Print ISSN: 1751-7362
    Electronic ISSN: 1751-7370
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature on behalf of The International Society for Microbial Ecology (ISME).
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  • 4
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    Ecology. Thriving in salt (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boetius, Antje -- Joye, Samantha -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jun 19;324(5934):1523-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1172979.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉HGF-MPG Joint Research Group for Deep Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany. aboetius@mpi-bremen.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19541984" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Artemia/physiology ; Chlorophyta/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Halobacteriaceae/physiology ; *Salinity ; Salts ; Sodium Chloride ; *Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Ocean science. Lost City life (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boetius, Antje -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1420-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen 28359, Germany. aboetius@mpi-bremen.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15746415" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Archaea/classification/*growth & development/metabolism ; Atlantic Ocean ; Bacteria/classification/*growth & development/metabolism ; Biodiversity ; Biomass ; *Carbonates ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Geologic Sediments/chemistry/microbiology ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrogen/analysis/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; *Invertebrates ; Methane/analysis/metabolism ; *Seawater
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Intercellular wiring enables electron transfer between methanotrophic archaea and bacteria (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-23
    Description: The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) with sulfate controls the emission of the greenhouse gas methane from the ocean floor. In marine sediments, AOM is performed by dual-species consortia of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) inhabiting the methane-sulfate transition zone. The biochemical pathways and biological adaptations enabling this globally relevant process are not fully understood. Here we study the syntrophic interaction in thermophilic AOM (TAOM) between ANME-1 archaea and their consortium partner SRB HotSeep-1 (ref. 6) at 60 degrees C to test the hypothesis of a direct interspecies exchange of electrons. The activity of TAOM consortia was compared to the first ANME-free culture of an AOM partner bacterium that grows using hydrogen as the sole electron donor. The thermophilic ANME-1 do not produce sufficient hydrogen to sustain the observed growth of the HotSeep-1 partner. Enhancing the growth of the HotSeep-1 partner by hydrogen addition represses methane oxidation and the metabolic activity of ANME-1. Further supporting the hypothesis of direct electron transfer between the partners, we observe that under TAOM conditions, both ANME and the HotSeep-1 bacteria overexpress genes for extracellular cytochrome production and form cell-to-cell connections that resemble the nanowire structures responsible for interspecies electron transfer between syntrophic consortia of Geobacter. HotSeep-1 highly expresses genes for pili production only during consortial growth using methane, and the nanowire-like structures are absent in HotSeep-1 cells isolated with hydrogen. These observations suggest that direct electron transfer is a principal mechanism in TAOM, which may also explain the enigmatic functioning and specificity of other methanotrophic ANME-SRB consortia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wegener, Gunter -- Krukenberg, Viola -- Riedel, Dietmar -- Tegetmeyer, Halina E -- Boetius, Antje -- England -- Nature. 2015 Oct 22;526(7574):587-90. doi: 10.1038/nature15733.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany. ; MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany. ; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Gottingen, Germany. ; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. ; Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26490622" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Archaea/*metabolism ; Bacteria/*metabolism ; Cytochromes/metabolism ; Electron Transport ; Fimbriae, Bacterial/metabolism ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Heme/metabolism ; Hydrogen/metabolism ; Hydrothermal Vents/microbiology ; Methane/*metabolism ; Microbiota/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oceans and Seas ; Sulfates/metabolism ; Symbiosis ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Export of algal biomass from the melting Arctic sea ice (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-16
    Description: In the Arctic, under-ice primary production is limited to summer months and is restricted not only by ice thickness and snow cover but also by the stratification of the water column, which constrains nutrient supply for algal growth. Research Vessel Polarstern visited the ice-covered eastern-central basins between 82 degrees to 89 degrees N and 30 degrees to 130 degrees E in summer 2012, when Arctic sea ice declined to a record minimum. During this cruise, we observed a widespread deposition of ice algal biomass of on average 9 grams of carbon per square meter to the deep-sea floor of the central Arctic basins. Data from this cruise will contribute to assessing the effect of current climate change on Arctic productivity, biodiversity, and ecological function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boetius, Antje -- Albrecht, Sebastian -- Bakker, Karel -- Bienhold, Christina -- Felden, Janine -- Fernandez-Mendez, Mar -- Hendricks, Stefan -- Katlein, Christian -- Lalande, Catherine -- Krumpen, Thomas -- Nicolaus, Marcel -- Peeken, Ilka -- Rabe, Benjamin -- Rogacheva, Antonina -- Rybakova, Elena -- Somavilla, Raquel -- Wenzhofer, Frank -- RV Polarstern ARK27-3-Shipboard Science Party -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Mar 22;339(6126):1430-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1231346. Epub 2013 Feb 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany. antje.boetius@awi.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23413190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arctic Regions ; Biodiversity ; *Biomass ; Carbon Cycle ; Climate Change ; *Diatoms/cytology/growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; Freezing ; Geologic Sediments ; *Ice Cover ; Sea Cucumbers ; *Seawater
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Oxygen dynamics in the black sea as seen by argo pro_ling oats (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-06-01
    Description: [1]  Observations collected in the Black Sea from May 2010 until December 2011 from two Argo floats with oxygen sensors demonstrated the potential of the applied technique to deliver high-quality oxygen data in this oxic/anoxic environment where the oxygenconcentration varies from the level of saturation to zero. It was demonstrated that the dynamics of the oxic-anoxic interface was dominated by vigorous mesoscale processes displacing locally anoxic waters up to about 70 m below the sea surface. Alternatively, oxygenation (ventilation) in the coastal zone penetrated down to about 150-200 m. The range of mesoscale variability, which appeared to reach half of the range of climatic trend during the last 50 years, helped to objectively assess the validity of interpretation of historical data. It was proved that the shift of the suboxic zone from isopycnal depth σ t  = 16.5 to σ t  = 15.5 during 1960-2010, interrupted by its deepening between 1990-2000 was greater than the possible error limit caused by insufficient sampling of mesoscale variability. Furthermore, profiling floats shed a new light into the seasonal variability of the subsurface oxygen maximum. It was also demonstrated that the assumption of isopycnal alignment of oxygen was coarsely applicable to the suboxic layer both in the coastal and interior part of the Black Sea where the isopycnal mixing revealed large temporal and spatial variability. Therefore deeper understanding of the dynamics of suboxic zone necessitated continuousbasin-wide sampling.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digestive enzymes in marine invertebrates from hydrothermal vents and other reducing environments (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 122 (1995), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present study demonstrates the potential hydrolytic activities in the symbiont-containing tissues of the vent invertebrates Riftia pachyptila, Bathymodiolus thermophilus (collected in 1991 at the East Pacific Rise) and the shallow-water bivalve Lucinoma aequizonata (collected in 1991 from the Santa Barbara Basin). Activities of phosphatases, esterases, β-glucuronidase and leucineaminopeptidase were comparable to those of digestive tract tissues of other marine invertebrates. A lack in most glycosidases as well as in trypsin and chymotrypsin was observed. Activities of lysozyme and chitobiase were rather high. In all vent invertebrates with symbionts and in L. aequizonata, the symbiont-containing tissues and the symbiont-free tissues had similar levels of enzymatic activities, indicating that polymeric nutrients could be hydrolysed after release from the symbionts and cellular uptake. The high activities of α-fucosidase in all vent invertebrates as well as in the shallow-water bivalve L. aequizonata could point to the existence of a yet undescribed substrate available to hydrolysation. The ectosymbionts-carrying polychaete Alvinella pompejana (collected in 1991 at the East Pacific Rise, EPR) shows high lysozyme activities in its gut, consistent with the proposed food source of bacteria. For the vent crab Bythogrea thermydron (also collected in 1991 at the EPR) hydrolytic activities were highest in the gut, dominated by esterase and peptidase activities which support their proposed carnivorous food source. A snail and a limpet collected from R. pachyptila tubes showed high levels of chitobiase suggesting a food source of grazed bacteria or ingested R. pachyptila tube.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349283
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ experimental evidence of the fate of a phytodetritus pulse at the abyssal sea floor (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 424 (2003), S. 763-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] More than 50% of the Earth' s surface is sea floor below 3,000 m of water. Most of this major reservoir in the global carbon cycle and final repository for anthropogenic wastes is characterized by severe food limitation. Phytodetritus is the major food source for abyssal benthic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01799
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