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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atlas of Marine Invertebrate Larvae (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 34 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00819.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a TCE DNAPL Zone in Alluvium by Partitioning Tracers (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water monitoring & remediation 19 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Partitioning interwell tracer tests (PITT) were used ID determine the spatial distribution and volume of residual trichloroethene (TCE) present in alluvium beneath the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plain in southern Ohio. Its first use at this site was in support of the design of a surfactant flood to remove the residual DNAPL (dense nonaqueous phase liquids) from the alluvial aquifer. The second application assessed the performance of the surfactant flood. The average DNAPL saturation in the first PITT was 0.1 to 0.2% in a swept pore volume of 4500 gallons (17.000 L). A second PITT was undertaken following the surfactant flood and yielded an average residual saturation of 0.06% in a swept pore volume of 3400 gallons (13.000 L), the reduction in pore volume being due to the confinement of the tracers to the lower sand and gravel unit of the alluvium. The design, operation, and analysis of the two PM Is provided strong evidence of a buried channel that controls the spatial distribution of the residual TCI: DNAPL in the basal sand and gravel aquifer and must be considered in the eventual full remediation of this aquifer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.1999.tb00190.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methane Ice Worms: Hesiocaeca methanicola Colonizing Fossil Fuel Reserves (2000)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 87 (2000), S. 184-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract  During a research cruise in July 1997 in the Gulf of Mexico we discovered a gas hydrate approximately 1 m thick and over 2 m in diameter which had recently breached the sea floor at a depth of 540 m. The hydrate surface visible from the submarine was considerably greater than that of any other reported hydrate. Two distinct color bands of hydrate were present in the same mound, and the entire exposed surface of the hydrate was infested (2500 individuals/m2) with 2 to 4 cm-long worms, since described as a new species, Hesiocaeca methanicola, in the polychaete family Hesionidae (Desbruyères and Toulmond 1998). H. methanicola tissue stable isotope values are consistent with a chemoautotrophic food source. No evidence of chemoautotrophic symbionts was detected, but geochemical data support the presence of abundant free living bacteria on the hydrate. The activities of the polychaetes, grazing on the hydrate bacteria and supplying oxygen to their habitats, appears to contribute to the dissolution of hydrates in surface sediments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001140050700
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abundance patterns of subtidal solitary ascidians in the San Juan Islands, Washington, as influenced by food preferences of the predatory snail Fusitriton oregonensis (1985)
    Springer
    Marine biology 84 (1985), S. 309-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The assemblage of solitary ascidians in rocky subtidal habitats of the San Juan Islands, Washington, USA, is dominated numerically by a few species of stolidobranchs: Pyura haustor, Halocynthia igaboja, Cnemidocarpa finmarkiensis and Boltenia villosa. Several phlebobranch species occur abundantly only on floating docks and/or muddy bottoms, where they co-occur with P. haustor and other stolidobranchs. These patterns of abundance correlate with feeding preferences and distributional patterns of the predatory snail Fusitriton oregonensis, which occurs only in rocky subtidal sites, prefers ascidians over other invertebrates as prey and prefers phlebobranchs over stolidobranchs. With the exception of B. villosa, stolidobranchs commonly co-occuring with the snail in the rocky subtidal are not eaten. Transplants of phlebobranchs from docks to rocky subtidal sites and transplants of F. oregonensis into established dock communities suggest that predation by the snail may largely explain the observed patterns of absolute and relative abundance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392501
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depletion of hypothalamic norepinephrine reduces the fever induced by polyriboinosinic acid: polyribocytidylic acid (Poly I:Poly C) in rats (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 720-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; norepinephrine ; fever ; pyrogen ; polyriboinosinic acid ; polyribocytidylic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Administration of either Poly I:Poly C (0.05–0.50 μg) or norepinephrine (2–8 μg) into the anterior hypothalamic area produced a dose-related fever in rats. The fever induced by Poly I:Poly C was attenuated after selective depletion of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus. However, selective depletion of hypothalamic norepinephrine did not affect the fever induced by intrahypothalamic norepinephrine. The data indicate that Poly I:Poly C may act to induce fever through the endogenous release of norepinephrine from the rat's hypothalamus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974567
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Body-size differences in a colonizing amphipod-mollusc assemblage (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 72 (1987), S. 104-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Body-size ; Colonization ; Corophium ; Mollusca amphipoda ; Marine community
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We examined body size patterns in a colonizing assemblage of marine amphipods and molluscs. We collected animals over a 25 day period from an archipelago of pits that were drilled in brick surfaces. The percent of pits occupied, abundance, species richness, and body size of colonists all increased significantly through time. We compared size ratios of coexisting species with two null models, one that randomized individuals and one that randomized species-populations. For both models, observed overlap ratios usually did not differ from randomness, although species richness was consistently lower than expected for later samples. Results were similar for a subset of the data, a guild of suspension/deposit feeding amphipod species. Some assemblages did show significant deviations from the null models, but the results were spotty and varied among replicates. Overall, the evidence for non-random overlap ratios in body sizes of colonizers was weak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385052
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of sponges on invertebrate recruitment: A field test of allelopathy (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 109 (1991), S. 19-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We manipulated live sponges in Belize, Central America, Big Pine Key, Florida (USA), and Indian River lagoon, Florida (USA) in summer/autumn, 1988. At each location, live sponges of three species were placed within 0.5 cm of ceramic tiles. Tiles with synthetic sponges positioned in the same manner and tiles with no sponges served as controls. Of 26 recruiting species analyzed, only one (Sponge sp. 6 — Indian River) was inhibited by living sponges. Four species (Perophora regina — Belize;Aiptasia pallida — Big Pine Key; andCrassostrea virginica andAscidia nigra — Indian River) recruited in greater numbers in the presence of sponges, suggesting that some larvae may be attracted rather than repelled by sponge allelochemicals. Allelopathic effects were less important than small-scale flow effects and patchy larval supply in determining recruitment patterns on surfaces adjacent to sponges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320227
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of echinoid larvae to food patches of different algal densities (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 130 (1998), S. 433-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract High densities of larvae have been found in areas of high primary production, but it remains unclear whether this is the result of hydrodynamics or of larval aggregative behaviour in the presence of food. In this study, we examined changes in the vertical distribution and swimming patterns of four-armed larvae of the sea-urchin Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus) around food patches of a range of microalgal densities. We reared larvae in the laboratory in a high or low concentration of either single (Isochrysis galbana) or mixed (I. galbana, Dunaliella tertiolecta, Thalassiosira weissflogii) microalgal species. In Plexiglas cylinders, we experimentally constructed haloclines in which the salinity of the bottom water-layer was 33‰ and that of the top water-layer was 24‰. In a thin layer in the middle of the halocline, we inserted a food patch that consisted of 0, 2500, 5000 or 10 000 T. weissflogii cells ml−1. The presence of a food patch had a pronounced effect on the vertical distribution of larvae. This effect depended upon the algal density of the food patch and varied with dietary conditioning. The number of larvae that were above or within the patch decreased with increasing algal density, and was greater if larvae were reared in low-ration or single-species diets than in high-ration or mixed-species diets. Tracking of individual vertical swimming paths showed that within a few minutes, larvae swam into the patches of low algal density, and to positions just below the patches of the two higher algal densities, and remained there until the end of the experimental period. The greater number of algal cells in the digestive tracts of larvae from treatments with a food patch than in those without a patch confirmed that larvae were feeding on the microalgal cells of the patch. To our knowledge, this is the first study to experimentally show an aggregative behavioural response of invertebrate larvae to a food patch. Such a response may reduce the probability of food limitation and therefore enhance larval survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050264
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of gametogenesis in a chemosynthetic mytilid bivalve (Bathymodiolus childressi ) from a bathyal, methane seep environment (northern Gulf of Mexico) (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 135 (1999), S. 635-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructural features of gametogenesis have been described in the methane-seep mytilid bivalve Bathymodiolus childressi Gustafson, Turner, Lutz & Vrijenhoek, 1998 collected from the Gulf of Mexico in August 1995. This is the first ultrastructural description of gametogenesis in any methane-seep bivalve. B. childressi is gonochoric, and both the testis and ovary consist of acini surrounded by inter-acinal tissue composed of adipogranular cells that serve a nutrient storage function. Oocytes develop in close association with squamous follicle cells although the follicle cells do not appear to play a primary role in yolk synthesis. During the vitellogenic phase, biosynthesis of four types of organelles occurs, including lipid droplets, yolk granules, cortical granules, and unknown inclusions, which are exocytosed as part of egg envelope biogenesis. Vitellogenesis appears to be largely autosynthetic involving the Golgi complex and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Sperm differentiation resembles that reported in other mytilid bivalves and includes the differentiation of proacrosomal granules and a flagellum during the early stages of spermatogenesis. Mature sperm have a cap-like acrosome, substantial subacrosomal material, a bullet-shaped nucleus, and four to five mitochondria in the midpiece. The general features of gametogenesis closely resemble those reported in shallow-water, seasonally reproducing mytilids. Despite the relatively stable methane seep environment and presumed continuous availability of nutrients, reproduction parallels that of littoral mytilids, suggesting some phylogenetic constraints on the capacity for variability in gametogenic processes in the family Mytilidae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050664
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Larval depletion by ascidians has little effect on settlement of epifauna (1989)
    Springer
    Marine biology 102 (1989), S. 481-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ascidian densities were manipulated while controlling for negative effects of biodeposition and space preemption to examine the effects of ascidian filter-feeding on larval recruitment in St. Joseph Bay and near Turkey Point, Florida (Northern Gulf of Mexico, Florida, USA). Using three different experimental designs during 1984 and 1985, recruitment near living Styela plicata or Molgula occidentalis was as high as recruitment near ascidian models. Disruption of flow by ascidian bodies had little effect on settlement. Predation rates by ascidians on larvae in six phyla were high in laboratory experiments. The field effects of larval depletion by solitary ascidians are apparently obscured by other factors influencing the abundance of recruiting larvae. Consumption of larvae in the laboratory cannot be used to assume significant inhibitory effects in the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00438349
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