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  • 1
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    Arctic sea ice decline contributes to thinning lake ice trend in northern Alaska (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-25
    Description: Field measurements, satellite observations, and models document a thinning trend in seasonal Arctic lake ice growth, causing a shift from bedfast to floating ice conditions. September sea ice concentrations in the Arctic Ocean since 1991 correlate well ( r = +0.69, p 
    Print ISSN: 1748-9318
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-9326
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 2
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    Transcriptome analysis reveals novel regulatory mechanisms in a genome-reduced bacterium (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-28
    Description: The avian bacterial pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a good model for systems studies due to small genome and simplicity of regulatory pathways. In this study, we used RNA-Seq and MS-based proteomics to accurately map coding sequences, transcription start sites (TSSs) and transcript 3'-ends (T3Es). We used obtained data to investigate roles of TSSs and T3Es in stress-induced transcriptional responses. We identified 1061 TSSs at a false discovery rate of 10% and showed that almost all transcription in M. gallisepticum is initiated from classic TATAAT promoters surrounded by A/T-rich sequences. Our analysis revealed the pronounced operon structure complexity: on average, each coding operon has one internal TSS and T3Es in addition to the primary ones. Our transcriptomic approach based on the intervals between the two nearest transcript ends allowed us to identify two classes of T3Es: strong, unregulated, hairpin-containing T3Es and weak, heat shock-regulated, hairpinless T3Es. Comparing gene expression levels under different conditions revealed widespread and divergent transcription regulation in M. gallisepticum . Modeling suggested that the core promoter structure plays an important role in gene expression regulation. We have shown that the heat stress activation of cryptic promoters combined with the hairpinless T3Es suppression leads to widespread, seemingly non-functional transcription.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Asymmetric seasonal temperature trends (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-25
    Description: Current consensus on global climate change predicts warming trends driven by anthropogenic forcing, with maximum temperature changes projected in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) high latitudes during winter. Yet, global temperature trends show little warming over the most recent decade or so. For longer time periods appropriate to the assessment of trends, however, global temperatures have experienced significant warming trends for all seasons except winter, when cooling trends exist instead across large stretches of eastern North America and northern Eurasia. Hence, the most recent lapse in global warming is a seasonal phenomenon, prevalent only in boreal winter. Additionally, we show that the largest regional contributor to global temperature trends over the past two decades is land surface temperatures in the NH extratropics. Therefore, proposed mechanisms explaining the fluctuations in global annual temperatures should address this apparent seasonal asymmetry.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
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    Tracing Atlantic Water Signature in the Arctic Sea Ice Cover East of Svalbard (2013)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-07
    Description: We focus on the Arctic Ocean between Svalbard and Franz Joseph Land in order to elucidate the possible role of Atlantic water (AW) inflow in shaping ice conditions. Ice conditions substantially affect the temperature regime of the Spitsbergen archipelago, particularly in winter. We test the hypothesis that intensive vertical mixing at the upper AW boundary releases substantial heat upwards that eventually reaches the under-ice water layer, thinning the ice cover. We examine spatial and temporal variation of ice concentration against time series of wind, air temperature, and AW temperature. Analysis of 1979–2011 ice properties revealed a general tendency of decreasing ice concentration that commenced after the mid-1990s. AW temperature time series in Fram Strait feature a monotonic increase after the mid-1990s, consistent with shrinking ice cover. Ice thins due to increased sensible heat flux from AW; ice erosion from below allows wind and local currents to more effectively break ice. The winter spatial pattern of sea ice concentration is collocated with patterns of surface heat flux anomalies. Winter minimum sea ice thickness occurs in the ice pack interior above the AW path, clearly indicating AW influence on ice thickness. Our study indicates that in the AW inflow region heat flux from the ocean reduces the ice thickness.
    Print ISSN: 1687-9309
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-9317
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 5
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    Accurate whole-genome sequencing and haplotyping from 10 to 20 human cells (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-13
    Description: Recent advances in whole-genome sequencing have brought the vision of personal genomics and genomic medicine closer to reality. However, current methods lack clinical accuracy and the ability to describe the context (haplotypes) in which genome variants co-occur in a cost-effective manner. Here we describe a low-cost DNA sequencing and haplotyping process, long fragment read (LFR) technology, which is similar to sequencing long single DNA molecules without cloning or separation of metaphase chromosomes. In this study, ten LFR libraries were made using only approximately 100 picograms of human DNA per sample. Up to 97% of the heterozygous single nucleotide variants were assembled into long haplotype contigs. Removal of false positive single nucleotide variants not phased by multiple LFR haplotypes resulted in a final genome error rate of 1 in 10 megabases. Cost-effective and accurate genome sequencing and haplotyping from 10-20 human cells, as demonstrated here, will enable comprehensive genetic studies and diverse clinical applications.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3397394/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3397394/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peters, Brock A -- Kermani, Bahram G -- Sparks, Andrew B -- Alferov, Oleg -- Hong, Peter -- Alexeev, Andrei -- Jiang, Yuan -- Dahl, Fredrik -- Tang, Y Tom -- Haas, Juergen -- Robasky, Kimberly -- Zaranek, Alexander Wait -- Lee, Je-Hyuk -- Ball, Madeleine Price -- Peterson, Joseph E -- Perazich, Helena -- Yeung, George -- Liu, Jia -- Chen, Linsu -- Kennemer, Michael I -- Pothuraju, Kaliprasad -- Konvicka, Karel -- Tsoupko-Sitnikov, Mike -- Pant, Krishna P -- Ebert, Jessica C -- Nilsen, Geoffrey B -- Baccash, Jonathan -- Halpern, Aaron L -- Church, George M -- Drmanac, Radoje -- P50 HG005550/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50HG005550/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jul 11;487(7406):190-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11236.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Complete Genomics, Inc., 2071 Stierlin Court, Mountain View, California 94043, USA. bpeters@completegenomics.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22785314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Cell Line ; Female ; Gene Silencing ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Genomics/*methods ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Mutation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/economics/*methods/standards
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Contrasting lake ice responses to winter climate indicate future variability and trends on the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-24
    Description: Strong winter warming has dominated recent patterns of climate change along the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of northern Alaska. The full impact of arctic winters may be best manifest by freshwater ice growth and the extent to which abundant shallow ACP lakes freeze solid with bedfast ice by the end of winter. For example, winter conditions of 2016–17 produced record low extents of bedfast ice across the ACP. In addition to high air temperatures, the causes varied from deep snow accumulation on the Barrow Peninsula to high late season rainfall and lake levels farther east on the ACP. In contrast, the previous winter of 2015–16 was also warm, but low snowpack and high winds caused relatively thick lake ice to develop and corresponding high extents of bedfast ice on the ACP. This recent comparison of extreme variation in lake ice responses between two adjacent regions and years in the context of long-term climate and ice records highlights the complexity associated with weather cond...
    Print ISSN: 1748-9318
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-9326
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 7
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    Warming in the Nordic Seas, North Atlantic storms and thinning Arctic sea ice (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-04
    Description: Arctic sea ice over the last few decades has experienced a significant decline in coverage both in summer and winter. The currently warming Atlantic Water layer has a pronounced impact on sea ice in the Nordic Seas (including the Barents Sea). More open water combined with the prevailing atmospheric pattern of airflow from the southeast, and persistent North Atlantic storms such as the recent extremely strong Storm Frank in December 2015, lead to increased energy transport to the high Arctic. Each of these storms brings sizeable anomalies of heat to the high Arctic, resulting in significant warming and slowing down of sea ice growth or even melting. Our analysis indicates that the recently observed sea ice decline in the Nordic Seas during the cold season around Svalbard, Franz Joseph Land and Novaya Zemlya, and the associated heat release from open water into the atmosphere, contributed significantly to the increase in the downward longwave radiation throughout the entire Arcti...
    Print ISSN: 1748-9318
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-9326
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IR Study of Ozone Adsorption on SiO2 (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 98 (1994), S. 5100-5103 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100070a026
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat interaction in a resonance tube (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 14 (2002), S. 1812-1815 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gas oscillations in a resonance tube are investigated experimentally and numerically. We found that for large amplitudes, heat interaction with the tube wall affects strongly gas flow for frequencies within the resonance band. A proposed model, accounting for heat interaction, shows good agreement with the experimental data. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1466825
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevation of intracellular calcium reduces voltage-dependent potassium conductance in human T cells (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 319 (1986), S. 776-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We used the whole-cell configuration as the main mode of recording in our experiments and, on the basis of the observations of Marty and Neher8, we assume that, at least in steady-state conditions, the calcium concentration in the cell, [Ca]j, corresponds to the concentration of free Ca2+ in the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/319776a0
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