Publication Date:
2009-02-04
Description:
Sorghum, an African grass related to sugar cane and maize, is grown for food, feed, fibre and fuel. We present an initial analysis of the approximately 730-megabase Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench genome, placing approximately 98% of genes in their chromosomal context using whole-genome shotgun sequence validated by genetic, physical and syntenic information. Genetic recombination is largely confined to about one-third of the sorghum genome with gene order and density similar to those of rice. Retrotransposon accumulation in recombinationally recalcitrant heterochromatin explains the approximately 75% larger genome size of sorghum compared with rice. Although gene and repetitive DNA distributions have been preserved since palaeopolyploidization approximately 70 million years ago, most duplicated gene sets lost one member before the sorghum-rice divergence. Concerted evolution makes one duplicated chromosomal segment appear to be only a few million years old. About 24% of genes are grass-specific and 7% are sorghum-specific. Recent gene and microRNA duplications may contribute to sorghum's drought tolerance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paterson, Andrew H -- Bowers, John E -- Bruggmann, Remy -- Dubchak, Inna -- Grimwood, Jane -- Gundlach, Heidrun -- Haberer, Georg -- Hellsten, Uffe -- Mitros, Therese -- Poliakov, Alexander -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Spannagl, Manuel -- Tang, Haibao -- Wang, Xiyin -- Wicker, Thomas -- Bharti, Arvind K -- Chapman, Jarrod -- Feltus, F Alex -- Gowik, Udo -- Grigoriev, Igor V -- Lyons, Eric -- Maher, Christopher A -- Martis, Mihaela -- Narechania, Apurva -- Otillar, Robert P -- Penning, Bryan W -- Salamov, Asaf A -- Wang, Yu -- Zhang, Lifang -- Carpita, Nicholas C -- Freeling, Michael -- Gingle, Alan R -- Hash, C Thomas -- Keller, Beat -- Klein, Patricia -- Kresovich, Stephen -- McCann, Maureen C -- Ming, Ray -- Peterson, Daniel G -- Mehboob-ur-Rahman -- Ware, Doreen -- Westhoff, Peter -- Mayer, Klaus F X -- Messing, Joachim -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):551-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07723.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA. paterson@uga.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19189423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Arabidopsis/genetics
;
Chromosomes, Plant/genetics
;
*Evolution, Molecular
;
Gene Duplication
;
Genes, Plant
;
Genome, Plant/*genetics
;
Oryza/genetics
;
Poaceae/*genetics
;
Populus/genetics
;
Recombination, Genetic/genetics
;
Sequence Alignment
;
Sequence Analysis, DNA
;
Sequence Deletion/genetics
;
Sorghum/*genetics
;
Zea mays/genetics
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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