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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-09-21
    Description: The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas belongs to one of the most species-rich but genomically poorly explored phyla, the Mollusca. Here we report the sequencing and assembly of the oyster genome using short reads and a fosmid-pooling strategy, along with transcriptomes of development and stress response and the proteome of the shell. The oyster genome is highly polymorphic and rich in repetitive sequences, with some transposable elements still actively shaping variation. Transcriptome studies reveal an extensive set of genes responding to environmental stress. The expansion of genes coding for heat shock protein 70 and inhibitors of apoptosis is probably central to the oyster's adaptation to sessile life in the highly stressful intertidal zone. Our analyses also show that shell formation in molluscs is more complex than currently understood and involves extensive participation of cells and their exosomes. The oyster genome sequence fills a void in our understanding of the Lophotrochozoa.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Guofan -- Fang, Xiaodong -- Guo, Ximing -- Li, Li -- Luo, Ruibang -- Xu, Fei -- Yang, Pengcheng -- Zhang, Linlin -- Wang, Xiaotong -- Qi, Haigang -- Xiong, Zhiqiang -- Que, Huayong -- Xie, Yinlong -- Holland, Peter W H -- Paps, Jordi -- Zhu, Yabing -- Wu, Fucun -- Chen, Yuanxin -- Wang, Jiafeng -- Peng, Chunfang -- Meng, Jie -- Yang, Lan -- Liu, Jun -- Wen, Bo -- Zhang, Na -- Huang, Zhiyong -- Zhu, Qihui -- Feng, Yue -- Mount, Andrew -- Hedgecock, Dennis -- Xu, Zhe -- Liu, Yunjie -- Domazet-Loso, Tomislav -- Du, Yishuai -- Sun, Xiaoqing -- Zhang, Shoudu -- Liu, Binghang -- Cheng, Peizhou -- Jiang, Xuanting -- Li, Juan -- Fan, Dingding -- Wang, Wei -- Fu, Wenjing -- Wang, Tong -- Wang, Bo -- Zhang, Jibiao -- Peng, Zhiyu -- Li, Yingxiang -- Li, Na -- Wang, Jinpeng -- Chen, Maoshan -- He, Yan -- Tan, Fengji -- Song, Xiaorui -- Zheng, Qiumei -- Huang, Ronglian -- Yang, Hailong -- Du, Xuedi -- Chen, Li -- Yang, Mei -- Gaffney, Patrick M -- Wang, Shan -- Luo, Longhai -- She, Zhicai -- Ming, Yao -- Huang, Wen -- Zhang, Shu -- Huang, Baoyu -- Zhang, Yong -- Qu, Tao -- Ni, Peixiang -- Miao, Guoying -- Wang, Junyi -- Wang, Qiang -- Steinberg, Christian E W -- Wang, Haiyan -- Li, Ning -- Qian, Lumin -- Zhang, Guojie -- Li, Yingrui -- Yang, Huanming -- Liu, Xiao -- Wang, Jian -- Yin, Ye -- Wang, Jun -- 268513/European Research Council/International -- England -- Nature. 2012 Oct 4;490(7418):49-54. doi: 10.1038/nature11413. Epub 2012 Sep 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22992520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological/*genetics ; Animal Shells/chemistry/*growth & development ; Animals ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics ; Crassostrea/*genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics ; Genes, Homeobox/genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genomics ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; Humans ; Larva/genetics/growth & development ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stress, Physiological/genetics/*physiology ; Transcriptome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2000-12-16
    Description: Class I major histocompatibility complex (class I MHC) molecules, known to be important for immune responses to antigen, are expressed also by neurons that undergo activity-dependent, long-term structural and synaptic modifications. Here, we show that in mice genetically deficient for cell surface class I MHC or for a class I MHC receptor component, CD3zeta, refinement of connections between retina and central targets during development is incomplete. In the hippocampus of adult mutants, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) is enhanced, and long-term depression (LTD) is absent. Specific class I MHC messenger RNAs are expressed by distinct mosaics of neurons, reflecting a potential for diverse neuronal functions. These results demonstrate an important role for these molecules in the activity-dependent remodeling and plasticity of connections in the developing and mature mammalian central nervous system (CNS).〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2175035/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2175035/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huh, G S -- Boulanger, L M -- Du, H -- Riquelme, P A -- Brotz, T M -- Shatz, C J -- 1F32EY07016/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY06912/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F32 EY007016/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F32 EY007016-02/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- F32 EY007016-03/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH48108/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 15;290(5499):2155-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. gshuh@alum.mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11118151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD3/genetics/*physiology ; Brain/growth & development/*physiology ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, MHC Class I ; Geniculate Bodies/physiology ; Hippocampus/growth & development/physiology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics/*physiology ; In Situ Hybridization ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Neural Pathways ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons/*physiology ; Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Retina/growth & development/physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Synapses/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Visual Pathways
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2001-11-10
    Description: We describe a molecular switch based on the controlled methylation of nucleosome and the transcriptional cofactors, the CREB-binding proteins (CBP)/p300. The CBP/p300 methylation site is localized to an arginine residue that is essential for stabilizing the structure of the KIX domain, which mediates CREB recruitment. Methylation of KIX by coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) blocks CREB activation by disabling the interaction between KIX and the kinase inducible domain (KID) of CREB. Thus, CARM1 functions as a corepressor in cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway via its methyltransferase activity while acting as a coactivator for nuclear hormones. These results provide strong in vivo and in vitro evidence that histone methylation plays a key role in hormone-induced gene activation and define cofactor methylation as a new regulatory mechanism in hormone signaling.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xu, W -- Chen, H -- Du, K -- Asahara, H -- Tini, M -- Emerson, B M -- Montminy, M -- Evans, R M -- 9R01DK57978/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2507-11. Epub 2001 Nov 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gene Expression Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Davis Cancer Center/Basic Science, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11701890" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism ; Dimerization ; E1A-Associated p300 Protein ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Reporter ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; PC12 Cells ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Retinoid X Receptors ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Signal Transduction ; Somatostatin/genetics ; Trans-Activators/chemistry/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transcriptional Activation ; Transfection ; Tretinoin/metabolism/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2002-07-06
    Description: The enzymatic conjugation of arginine to the N-termini of proteins is a part of the ubiquitin-dependent N-end rule pathway of protein degradation. In mammals, three N-terminal residues-aspartate, glutamate, and cysteine-are substrates for arginylation. The mouse ATE1 gene encodes a family of Arg-tRNA-protein transferases (R-transferases) that mediate N-terminal arginylation. We constructed ATE1-lacking mouse strains and found that ATE1-/- embryos die with defects in heart development and in angiogenic remodeling of the early vascular plexus. Through biochemical analyses, we show that N-terminal cysteine, in contrast to N-terminal aspartate and glutamate, is oxidized before its arginylation by R-transferase, suggesting that the arginylation branch of the N-end rule pathway functions as an oxygen sensor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kwon, Yong Tae -- Kashina, Anna S -- Davydov, Ilia V -- Hu, Rong-Gui -- An, Jee Young -- Seo, Jai Wha -- Du, Fangyong -- Varshavsky, Alexander -- GM31530/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 5;297(5578):96-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biology, 147-75, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12098698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkylation ; Aminoacyltransferases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Animals ; Aorta/embryology ; Arginine/*metabolism ; Aspartic Acid/metabolism ; Blood Vessels/*embryology ; Cell Line ; Cysteic Acid/metabolism ; Cysteine/metabolism ; Female ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Heart/*embryology ; Heart Defects, Congenital/embryology ; Heart Septal Defects/embryology ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery/embryology ; RGS Proteins/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sulfinic Acids/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2008-11-07
    Description: Here we present the first diploid genome sequence of an Asian individual. The genome was sequenced to 36-fold average coverage using massively parallel sequencing technology. We aligned the short reads onto the NCBI human reference genome to 99.97% coverage, and guided by the reference genome, we used uniquely mapped reads to assemble a high-quality consensus sequence for 92% of the Asian individual's genome. We identified approximately 3 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inside this region, of which 13.6% were not in the dbSNP database. Genotyping analysis showed that SNP identification had high accuracy and consistency, indicating the high sequence quality of this assembly. We also carried out heterozygote phasing and haplotype prediction against HapMap CHB and JPT haplotypes (Chinese and Japanese, respectively), sequence comparison with the two available individual genomes (J. D. Watson and J. C. Venter), and structural variation identification. These variations were considered for their potential biological impact. Our sequence data and analyses demonstrate the potential usefulness of next-generation sequencing technologies for personal genomics.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2716080/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2716080/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Jun -- Wang, Wei -- Li, Ruiqiang -- Li, Yingrui -- Tian, Geng -- Goodman, Laurie -- Fan, Wei -- Zhang, Junqing -- Li, Jun -- Zhang, Juanbin -- Guo, Yiran -- Feng, Binxiao -- Li, Heng -- Lu, Yao -- Fang, Xiaodong -- Liang, Huiqing -- Du, Zhenglin -- Li, Dong -- Zhao, Yiqing -- Hu, Yujie -- Yang, Zhenzhen -- Zheng, Hancheng -- Hellmann, Ines -- Inouye, Michael -- Pool, John -- Yi, Xin -- Zhao, Jing -- Duan, Jinjie -- Zhou, Yan -- Qin, Junjie -- Ma, Lijia -- Li, Guoqing -- Yang, Zhentao -- Zhang, Guojie -- Yang, Bin -- Yu, Chang -- Liang, Fang -- Li, Wenjie -- Li, Shaochuan -- Li, Dawei -- Ni, Peixiang -- Ruan, Jue -- Li, Qibin -- Zhu, Hongmei -- Liu, Dongyuan -- Lu, Zhike -- Li, Ning -- Guo, Guangwu -- Zhang, Jianguo -- Ye, Jia -- Fang, Lin -- Hao, Qin -- Chen, Quan -- Liang, Yu -- Su, Yeyang -- San, A -- Ping, Cuo -- Yang, Shuang -- Chen, Fang -- Li, Li -- Zhou, Ke -- Zheng, Hongkun -- Ren, Yuanyuan -- Yang, Ling -- Gao, Yang -- Yang, Guohua -- Li, Zhuo -- Feng, Xiaoli -- Kristiansen, Karsten -- Wong, Gane Ka-Shu -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- Durbin, Richard -- Bolund, Lars -- Zhang, Xiuqing -- Li, Songgang -- Yang, Huanming -- Wang, Jian -- 077192/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- R01 HG003229/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003229-04/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):60-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07484.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Beijing Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China. wangj@genomics.org.cn〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18987735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics ; Consensus Sequence ; Databases, Genetic ; *Diploidy ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; *Genomics ; Haplotypes/genetics ; Humans ; Internet ; Pan troglodytes/genetics ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sequence Alignment
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2008-03-26
    Description: Tribolium castaneum is a member of the most species-rich eukaryotic order, a powerful model organism for the study of generalized insect development, and an important pest of stored agricultural products. We describe its genome sequence here. This omnivorous beetle has evolved the ability to interact with a diverse chemical environment, as shown by large expansions in odorant and gustatory receptors, as well as P450 and other detoxification enzymes. Development in Tribolium is more representative of other insects than is Drosophila, a fact reflected in gene content and function. For example, Tribolium has retained more ancestral genes involved in cell-cell communication than Drosophila, some being expressed in the growth zone crucial for axial elongation in short-germ development. Systemic RNA interference in T. castaneum functions differently from that in Caenorhabditis elegans, but nevertheless offers similar power for the elucidation of gene function and identification of targets for selective insect control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tribolium Genome Sequencing Consortium -- Richards, Stephen -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Weinstock, George M -- Brown, Susan J -- Denell, Robin -- Beeman, Richard W -- Gibbs, Richard -- Bucher, Gregor -- Friedrich, Markus -- Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J P -- Klingler, Martin -- Lorenzen, Marce -- Roth, Siegfried -- Schroder, Reinhard -- Tautz, Diethard -- Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- Muzny, Donna -- Attaway, Tony -- Bell, Stephanie -- Buhay, Christian J -- Chandrabose, Mimi N -- Chavez, Dean -- Clerk-Blankenburg, Kerstin P -- Cree, Andrew -- Dao, Marvin -- Davis, Clay -- Chacko, Joseph -- Dinh, Huyen -- Dugan-Rocha, Shannon -- Fowler, Gerald -- Garner, Toni T -- Garnes, Jeffrey -- Gnirke, Andreas -- Hawes, Alica -- Hernandez, Judith -- Hines, Sandra -- Holder, Michael -- Hume, Jennifer -- Jhangiani, Shalini N -- Joshi, Vandita -- Khan, Ziad Mohid -- Jackson, LaRonda -- Kovar, Christie -- Kowis, Andrea -- Lee, Sandra -- Lewis, Lora R -- Margolis, Jon -- Morgan, Margaret -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Nguyen, Ngoc -- Okwuonu, Geoffrey -- Parker, David -- Ruiz, San-Juana -- Santibanez, Jireh -- Savard, Joel -- Scherer, Steven E -- Schneider, Brian -- Sodergren, Erica -- Vattahil, Selina -- Villasana, Donna -- White, Courtney S -- Wright, Rita -- Park, Yoonseong -- Lord, Jeff -- Oppert, Brenda -- Brown, Susan -- Wang, Liangjiang -- Weinstock, George -- Liu, Yue -- Worley, Kim -- Elsik, Christine G -- Reese, Justin T -- Elhaik, Eran -- Landan, Giddy -- Graur, Dan -- Arensburger, Peter -- Atkinson, Peter -- Beidler, Jim -- Demuth, Jeffery P -- Drury, Douglas W -- Du, Yu-Zhou -- Fujiwara, Haruhiko -- Maselli, Vincenza -- Osanai, Mizuko -- Robertson, Hugh M -- Tu, Zhijian -- Wang, Jian-jun -- Wang, Suzhi -- Song, Henry -- Zhang, Lan -- Werner, Doreen -- Stanke, Mario -- Morgenstern, Burkhard -- Solovyev, Victor -- Kosarev, Peter -- Brown, Garth -- Chen, Hsiu-Chuan -- Ermolaeva, Olga -- Hlavina, Wratko -- Kapustin, Yuri -- Kiryutin, Boris -- Kitts, Paul -- Maglott, Donna -- Pruitt, Kim -- Sapojnikov, Victor -- Souvorov, Alexandre -- Mackey, Aaron J -- Waterhouse, Robert M -- Wyder, Stefan -- Kriventseva, Evgenia V -- Kadowaki, Tatsuhiko -- Bork, Peer -- Aranda, Manuel -- Bao, Riyue -- Beermann, Anke -- Berns, Nicola -- Bolognesi, Renata -- Bonneton, Francois -- Bopp, Daniel -- Butts, Thomas -- Chaumot, Arnaud -- Denell, Robin E -- Ferrier, David E K -- Gordon, Cassondra M -- Jindra, Marek -- Lan, Que -- Lattorff, H Michael G -- Laudet, Vincent -- von Levetsow, Cornelia -- Liu, Zhenyi -- Lutz, Rebekka -- Lynch, Jeremy A -- da Fonseca, Rodrigo Nunes -- Posnien, Nico -- Reuter, Rolf -- Schinko, Johannes B -- Schmitt, Christian -- Schoppmeier, Michael -- Shippy, Teresa D -- Simonnet, Franck -- Marques-Souza, Henrique -- Tomoyasu, Yoshinori -- Trauner, Jochen -- Van der Zee, Maurijn -- Vervoort, Michel -- Wittkopp, Nadine -- Wimmer, Ernst A -- Yang, Xiaoyun -- Jones, Andrew K -- Sattelle, David B -- Ebert, Paul R -- Nelson, David -- Scott, Jeffrey G -- Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam -- Kramer, Karl J -- Arakane, Yasuyuki -- Zhu, Qingsong -- Hogenkamp, David -- Dixit, Radhika -- Jiang, Haobo -- Zou, Zhen -- Marshall, Jeremy -- Elpidina, Elena -- Vinokurov, Konstantin -- Oppert, Cris -- Evans, Jay -- Lu, Zhiqiang -- Zhao, Picheng -- Sumathipala, Niranji -- Altincicek, Boran -- Vilcinskas, Andreas -- Williams, Michael -- Hultmark, Dan -- Hetru, Charles -- Hauser, Frank -- Cazzamali, Giuseppe -- Williamson, Michael -- Li, Bin -- Tanaka, Yoshiaki -- Predel, Reinhard -- Neupert, Susanne -- Schachtner, Joachim -- Verleyen, Peter -- Raible, Florian -- Walden, Kimberly K O -- Angeli, Sergio -- Foret, Sylvain -- Schuetz, Stefan -- Maleszka, Ryszard -- Miller, Sherry C -- Grossmann, Daniela -- BBS/B/12067/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BBS/B/12067/2/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 GM058634/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD029594/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD029594-16/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 24;452(7190):949-55. doi: 10.1038/nature06784. Epub 2008 Mar 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. stephenr@bcm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18362917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Composition ; Body Patterning/genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Genes, Insect/*genetics ; Genome, Insect/*genetics ; Growth and Development/genetics ; Humans ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/genetics ; Oogenesis/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Proteome/genetics ; RNA Interference ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics ; Receptors, Odorant/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics ; Taste/genetics ; Telomere/genetics ; Tribolium/classification/embryology/*genetics/physiology ; Vision, Ocular/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2008-03-28
    Description: T helper cells that produce IL-17 (T(H)17 cells) promote autoimmunity in mice and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human inflammatory diseases. At mucosal surfaces, T(H)17 cells are thought to protect the host from infection, whereas regulatory T (T(reg)) cells control immune responses and inflammation triggered by the resident microflora. Differentiation of both cell types requires transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), but depends on distinct transcription factors: RORgammat (encoded by Rorc(gammat)) for T(H)17 cells and Foxp3 for T(reg) cells. How TGF-beta regulates the differentiation of T cells with opposing activities has been perplexing. Here we demonstrate that, together with pro-inflammatory cytokines, TGF-beta orchestrates T(H)17 cell differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. At low concentrations, TGF-beta synergizes with interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-21 (refs 9-11) to promote IL-23 receptor (Il23r) expression, favouring T(H)17 cell differentiation. High concentrations of TGF-beta repress IL23r expression and favour Foxp3+ T(reg) cells. RORgammat and Foxp3 are co-expressed in naive CD4+ T cells exposed to TGF-beta and in a subset of T cells in the small intestinal lamina propria of the mouse. In vitro, TGF-beta-induced Foxp3 inhibits RORgammat function, at least in part through their interaction. Accordingly, lamina propria T cells that co-express both transcription factors produce less IL-17 (also known as IL-17a) than those that express RORgammat alone. IL-6, IL-21 and IL-23 relieve Foxp3-mediated inhibition of RORgammat, thereby promoting T(H)17 cell differentiation. Therefore, the decision of antigen-stimulated cells to differentiate into either T(H)17 or T(reg) cells depends on the cytokine-regulated balance of RORgammat and Foxp3.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2597437/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2597437/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhou, Liang -- Lopes, Jared E -- Chong, Mark M W -- Ivanov, Ivaylo I -- Min, Roy -- Victora, Gabriel D -- Shen, Yuelei -- Du, Jianguang -- Rubtsov, Yuri P -- Rudensky, Alexander Y -- Ziegler, Steven F -- Littman, Dan R -- AI48779/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048779/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048779-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 8;453(7192):236-40. doi: 10.1038/nature06878. Epub 2008 Mar 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18368049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Interleukin-17/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 ; Receptors, Interleukin/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*cytology/*drug effects/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/*pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2009-07-17
    Description: All modern humans use tools to overcome limitations of our anatomy and to make difficult tasks easier. However, if tool use is such an advantage, we may ask why it is not evolved to the same degree in other species. To answer this question, we need to bring a long-term perspective to the material record of other members of our own order, the Primates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haslam, Michael -- Hernandez-Aguilar, Adriana -- Ling, Victoria -- Carvalho, Susana -- de la Torre, Ignacio -- DeStefano, April -- Du, Andrew -- Hardy, Bruce -- Harris, Jack -- Marchant, Linda -- Matsuzawa, Tetsuro -- McGrew, William -- Mercader, Julio -- Mora, Rafael -- Petraglia, Michael -- Roche, Helene -- Visalberghi, Elisabetta -- Warren, Rebecca -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):339-44. doi: 10.1038/nature08188.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QH, UK. mah66@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606139" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild/physiology/psychology ; *Archaeology/trends ; *Behavior, Animal ; Hominidae ; Human Characteristics ; Humans ; *Primates/physiology/psychology ; *Technology/methods
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-08-27
    Description: During B-cell development, RAG endonuclease cleaves immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) V, D, and J gene segments and orchestrates their fusion as deletional events that assemble a V(D)J exon in the same transcriptional orientation as adjacent Cmu constant region exons. In mice, six additional sets of constant region exons (CHs) lie 100-200 kilobases downstream in the same transcriptional orientation as V(D)J and Cmu exons. Long repetitive switch (S) regions precede Cmu and downstream CHs. In mature B cells, class switch recombination (CSR) generates different antibody classes by replacing Cmu with a downstream CH (ref. 2). Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates CSR by promoting deamination lesions within Smu and a downstream acceptor S region; these lesions are converted into DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by general DNA repair factors. Productive CSR must occur in a deletional orientation by joining the upstream end of an Smu DSB to the downstream end of an acceptor S-region DSB. However, the relative frequency of deletional to inversional CSR junctions has not been measured. Thus, whether orientation-specific joining is a programmed mechanistic feature of CSR as it is for V(D)J recombination and, if so, how this is achieved is unknown. To address this question, we adapt high-throughput genome-wide translocation sequencing into a highly sensitive DSB end-joining assay and apply it to endogenous AID-initiated S-region DSBs in mouse B cells. We show that CSR is programmed to occur in a productive deletional orientation and does so via an unprecedented mechanism that involves in cis Igh organizational features in combination with frequent S-region DSBs initiated by AID. We further implicate ATM-dependent DSB-response factors in enforcing this mechanism and provide an explanation of why CSR is so reliant on the 53BP1 DSB-response factor.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4592165/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4592165/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dong, Junchao -- Panchakshari, Rohit A -- Zhang, Tingting -- Zhang, Yu -- Hu, Jiazhi -- Volpi, Sabrina A -- Meyers, Robin M -- Ho, Yu-Jui -- Du, Zhou -- Robbiani, Davide F -- Meng, Feilong -- Gostissa, Monica -- Nussenzweig, Michel C -- Manis, John P -- Alt, Frederick W -- AI037526/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI072529/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI077595/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI112602/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA133781/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI077595/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI088510/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 CA133781/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32HL066987/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Sep 3;525(7567):134-9. doi: 10.1038/nature14970. Epub 2015 Aug 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Boston Children's Hospital and Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26308889" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins/metabolism ; B-Lymphocytes/enzymology/immunology/*metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism ; Cytidine Deaminase/*metabolism ; *DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; DNA Repair/*genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Deamination ; Immunoglobulin Class Switching/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Mice ; Sequence Deletion/genetics ; VDJ Exons/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2006-07-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mendelson, Joseph R 3rd -- Lips, Karen R -- Gagliardo, Ronald W -- Rabb, George B -- Collins, James P -- Diffendorfer, James E -- Daszak, Peter -- Ibanez D, Roberto -- Zippel, Kevin C -- Lawson, Dwight P -- Wright, Kevin M -- Stuart, Simon N -- Gascon, Claude -- da Silva, Helio R -- Burrowes, Patricia A -- Joglar, Rafael L -- La Marca, Enrique -- Lotters, Stefan -- du Preez, Louis H -- Weldon, Che -- Hyatt, Alex -- Rodriguez-Mahecha, Jose Vicente -- Hunt, Susan -- Robertson, Helen -- Lock, Brad -- Raxworthy, Christopher J -- Frost, Darrel R -- Lacy, Robert C -- Alford, Ross A -- Campbell, Jonathan A -- Parra-Olea, Gabriela -- Bolanos, Federico -- Domingo, Jose Joaquin Calvo -- Halliday, Tim -- Murphy, James B -- Wake, Marvalee H -- Coloma, Luis A -- Kuzmin, Sergius L -- Price, Mark Stanley -- Howell, Kim M -- Lau, Michael -- Pethiyagoda, Rohan -- Boone, Michelle -- Lannoo, Michael J -- Blaustein, Andrew R -- Dobson, Andy -- Griffiths, Richard A -- Crump, Martha L -- Wake, David B -- Brodie, Edmund D Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 7;313(5783):48.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Zoo Atlanta, 800 Cherokee Avenue SE, Atlanta, GA 30315, USA. jmendelson@zooatlanta.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16825553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amphibians ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Chytridiomycota ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; *International Agencies ; International Cooperation ; Mycoses/veterinary ; Population Dynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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