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  • 1
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    The Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS) (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS) is a cryogenically cooled small infrared telescope that will fly aboard the small space platform Space Flyer Unit. It will survey approximately 10% of the sky with a relatively wide beam during its 20 day emission. Four focal-plane instruments will make simultaneous observations of the sky at wavelengths ranging from 1 to 1000 microns. The IRTS will provide significant information on cosmology, interstellar matter, late-type stars, and interplanetary dust. This paper describes the instrumentation and mission.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 428; 1; p. 354-362
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  • 2
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    NIFTE: The Near Infrared Faint-Object Telescope Experiment (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-02
    Description: The high sensitivity of large format InSb arrays can be used to obtain deep images of the sky at 3-5 micrometers. In this spectral range cool or highly redshifted objects (e.g. brown dwarfs and protogalaxies) which are not visible at shorter wavelengths may be observed. Sensitivity at these wavelengths in ground-based observations is severly limited by the thermal flux from the telescope and from the earth's atmosphere. The Near Infrared Faint-Object Telescope Experiment (NIFTE), a 50 cm cooled rocket-borne telescope combined with large format, high performance InSb arrays, can reach a limiting flux less than 1 micro-Jy(1-sigma) over a large field-of-view in a single flight. In comparison, the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) will require days of observation to reach a sensitivity more than one order of magnitude worse over a similar area of the sky. The deep 3-5 micrometer images obtained by the rocket-borne telescope will assist in determining the nature of faint red objects detected by ground-based telescopes at 2 micrometers, and by ISO at wavelengths longer than 5 micrometers.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Experimental Astronomy (ISSN 0922-6435); 3; 1-4; p. 119-120
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  • 3
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    A rocket-borne measurement of interstellar dust emission at high galactic latitude (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The diffuse brightness of the sky was measured in six submillimeter passbands, using a rocket-borne, liquid helium-cooled, absolute radiometer. The average brightness was reported which was observed in each of the passbands, and the dominant source of emission was tentatively identified in the three shortest wavelength bands as interstellar dust (ISD). Spacial structure was observed in these bands, as would be expected for emission from the ISD. The average column density of H I was calculated in each field of view along the scan path. All three bands show a significant correlation with H I. The obtained values are in excellent agreement with those computed for a mixture of graphite and silicate grains. A significant residual emission, not correlated with the H I column density, is evident in all three channels.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Interstellar Dust: Contributed Papers; p 303-305
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Low-background performance of a monolithic InSb CCD array (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A 20 element monolithic InSb charge coupled device (CCD) detector array was measured under low background conditions to assess its potential for orbital astronomical applications. At a temperature of 64 K, previous results for charge transfer efficiency (CTE) were reproduced, and a sensitivity of about 2 x 10 to the minus 15th power joules was measured. At 27 and 6 K, extended integration times were achieved, but CTE was substantially degraded. The noise was approximately 6000 charges, which was in excess of the level where statistical fluctuations from the illumination could be detected. A telescope demonstration was performed showing that the array sensitivity and difficulty of operation were not substantially different from laboratory levels. Ways in which the device could be improved for astronomical applications were discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-TM-84216 , A-8831
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    A rocket-borne observation of the far-infrared sky at high Galactic latitude (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We have measured the surface brightness of the far-infrared sky at lambda = 134, 154, and 186 micrometers at high Galactic latitude using a liquid-He-cooled, rocket-borne telescope. The telescope scanned over a 5 deg x 20 deg region which includes infrared cirrus, high-latitude molecular clouds, the starburst galaxy M82, and the H I Hole in Ursa Major, a region with uniquely low H I column density. The measured brightness at 134, 154, and 186 micrometers is well correlated with the 100 micrometers brightness measured by IRAS and, in regions excluding molecular clouds, with H I column density. The spectrum of the component correlated with H I is well fitted by a gray-body spectrum with a temperature of 16.4 (+2.3/-1.8) K, assuming an emissivity proportional to lambda(exp -2). Assuming a constant far-infrared dust emissivity per hydrogen nucleus, the ratio of the H2 column density to the velocity-integrated CO intensity in the high-latitude molecular cloud is NH2/W(sub co) = (1.6 +/- 0.3) x 10(exp 20)/sq cm/(K km/s). The residual brightness after subtracting the emission correlated with H I column density is lambda I(sub lambda)(154 micrometers) = (1.4 +/- 0.6) x 10(exp -12) W/sq cm/sr, yielding an upper limit to the far-infrared extragalactic background radiation of lambda I(sub lambda)(154 micrometers) is less than 2.6 x 10(exp -12) W/sq cm/sr.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 425; 2; p. L89-L92
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    A Far Infrared Photometer (FIRP) for the infrared telescope in space (IRTS) (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: We describe the design and calibration of the Far-Infrared Photometer (FIRP), one of four focal plane instruments on the Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS). The FIRP will provide absolute photometry in four bands centered at 150, 250, 400, and 700 micrometers with spectral resolution lambda/(Delta lambda) approx. = 3 and spatial resolution Delta theta = 0.5 degrees. High sensitivity is achieved by using bolometric detectors operated at 300 mK in an AC bridge circuit. The closed-cycle He-3 refrigerator can be recycled in orbit. A 2 K shutter provides a zero reference for each field of view. More than 10% of the sky will be surveyed during the approximately 3 week mission lifetime with a sensitivity of less than 10(exp -13) W/((sq cm)(sr)) per 0.5 degree pixel.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 13; 12; P. (12)505-(12)508
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  • 7
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    The Far-Infrared Photometer on the Infrared Telescope in Space (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: We describe the design and calibration of the Far-Infrared Photometer (FIRP), one of four focal plane instruments on the Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS). The FIRP will provide absolute photometry in four bands centered at 150, 250, 400, and 700 microns with spectral resolution wavelength/wavelength spread is approximately 3 and spatial resolution delta theta = 0.5 degrees. High sensitivity is achieved by using bolometric detectors operated at 300 mK in an AC bridge circuit. The closed-cycle He-3 refrigerator can be recycled in orbit. A 2 K shutter provides a zero reference for each field of view. More than 10% of the sky will be surveyed during the 3 week mission lifetime with a sensitivity of less than 10(exp -13) W per sq cm per sr per 0.5 degree pixel.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 428; 1; p. 384-392
    Format: text
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