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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient in vitro regeneration of leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) via flower stalk segments (1995)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 14 (1995), S. 423-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new simple, efficient and rapid in vitro method for mass clonal propagation of leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) plants, using small (5 mm) flower stalk (peduncle) explants, was established. Adventitious shoots were produced from single subepidermal cells. A wide variation in the percentage of regenerating explants and number of regenerated shoots per explant between individual plants within one cultivar was observed. The concentration of the growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine and α-naphthalene-acetic acid influenced the percentage of regenerating explants and the average number of regenerated shoots per explant. A combination of 10 mg.l−1 6-benzylaminopurine and 10 mg.l−1 α-naphthalene-acetic acid, resulted in a maximum percentage of regenerating explants and a high average number of regenerated shoots per explant. The percentage of regenerating explants and the average number of regenerated shoots per explant decreased with increasing flower stalk length (age). The basal explants gave both the highest percentage of regenerating explants and average number of regenerated shoots per explant. An average of 300 shoots per flower stalk was obtained for all plants, making this new in vitro method a powerful tool in hybrid leek breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234047
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenylalanine and tyrosine accumulating cell lines of a dihaploid potato selected by resistance to 5-methyltryptophan (1985)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 4 (1985), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The selection and characterization of 5-methyltryptophan (5-MT) resistant cell lines is described in a dihaploid potato, clone H2578(007). The frequency of resistant calli was increased by treatment of a cell suspension with N-ethyl-N-nitroso-urea. Two lines, 5-MT-21 and 5-MT-26, accumulated tyrosine (160 nMol and 1546 nMol/g fresh callus), and the third, 5-MT-27, accumulated both tyrosine (841 nMol/g fresh callus) and phenylalanine (451 nMol/g fresh callus). In the wildtype tyrosine and phenylalanine content was 65 nMol and 42 nMol/g callus, respectively. The tryptophan content of line 5-MT-26 was significantly increased, from 20 nMol/g to 76 nMol/g fresh callus. The total free amino acid content of the three variant cell lines was higher than that of the wildtype. Variant cell lines 5-MT-21, -26 and -27 showed a low degree of resistance to 5-MT, when grown on a selective medium and were cross-resistant to parafluorophenylalanine and 3-fluorotyrosine, analogues of phenylalanine and tyrosine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571304
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct shoot regeneration from excised leaf explants of in vitro grown seedlings of Alstroemeria L. (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 770-774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key wordsAlstroemeria ; Regeneration ; Thidiazuron ; Silver nitrate ; Ancymidol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A two-step protocol for the induction of shoots from Alstroemeria leaf explants has been developed. Leaf explants with stem node tissue attached were incubated on shoot induction medium for 10 days, and then transferred to regeneration medium. Shoots from the area adjacent to the region between the leaf base and node tissue regenerated within 3 weeks after transfer to the regeneration medium, without a callus phase. The best induction was obtained with Murashige and Skoog medium containing 10 µm thidiazuron and 0.5 µm indole butyric acid. The regeneration medium contained 2.2 µm 6-benzylaminopurine. After several subcultures of the leaf explants with induced shoots, normal plantlets with rhizome were formed. In Alstroemeria, the percentage of responding leaf explants is more important than the number of shoots regenerated per leaf explant, because rhizome formation is the most important factor for micropropagation. The effect of other compounds in the induction medium, including glucose, sucrose, silver nitrate, and ancymidol, on regeneration was also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050317
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a plant regeneration system based on friable embryogenic callus in the ornamental Alstroemeria (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 529-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Friable embryogenic callus ; Regeneration ; Rhizome ; Alstroemeria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Stem segments of seedlings from two Alstroemeria breeding lines, cultured on media supplemented with 4 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.5–1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), initiated soft callus, which became compact after subculture on a medium with only 0.5 mg/l BA. Friable embryogenic calli were initiated from compact callus on a medium supplemented with 10 mg/l picloram. Proembryos developed from friable embryogenic calli via embryos into plants after subculture on medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l BA. The proembryos formed friable embryogenic calli again after culture on medium supplemented with 10 mg/l picloram. The total time needed to regenerate a complete plantlet from friable callus was approximately 6 months. This system for the production of embryogenic material is considered to have valuable applications for genetic transformation in Alstroemeria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050768
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvements of cyclic somatic embryogenesis of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 12 (1993), S. 226-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: direct somatic embryogenesis ; primary and higher cycles ; liquid culture ; shoot development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In cassava a cyclic system of somatic embryogenesis was developed. Primary (torpedo shaped or germinated) embryos, originating from leaf lobes, could only be obtained after culture on solid medium. Cyclic embryos, originating from embryos, could be obtained in both liquid and on solid medium. The production of embryos in liquid medium was distinctly higher, faster and more synchronized than on solid medium. Lower densities and fragmentation of starting embryos improved the production significantly. The highest production found was 32.1 embryos per initial embryo. In all treatments the explants initiated multiple embryos. The production of single embryos was achieved by pressing starting embryos through a fine meshed sieve, indicating that embryos can be produced from a piece of tissue with a restricted number of cells. The shoot conversion rate of embryos from liquid medium was comparable with that of embryos from solid medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237059
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a cyclic somatic embryogenesis regeneration system for leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) using zygotic embryos (1995)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 14 (1995), S. 227-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: leek ; Allium ampeloprasum L. ; somatic embryogenesis ; genotypic effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) a cyclic system of somatic embryogenesis was developed. Somatic embryos used for cyclic embryogenesis were able to develop the same type of embryogenic callus as zygotic embryos in the primary cycle. For the first time a comparison of the efficiencies of both expiants was made. Ten families were investigated for somatic embryogenesis. There was a genetic relationship with respect to somatic embryo production between the reciprocal crosses. From each family one genotype was selected for investigating cyclic somatic embryogenesis. Different levels of somatic embryo production were found between the expiants of zygotic and somatic embryos. The two best genotypes, 92.001-03 and 92.002-33 produced twice as many somatic embryos as the overall average. On average, 56% of the somatic embryos finally developed into greenhouse plantlets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233638
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis from callus induced on immature embryos of Alstroemeria spp.L. (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 15 (1996), S. 377-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary. The plant regeneration ability of callus obtained from zygotic embryos of the monocot Alstroemeria spp. was studied. The best explants for somatic embryogenesis were immature zygotic embryos in half-ovules when the endosperm was still soft and white. For 2 genotypes embryogenic callus was induced on callus induction medium with a success rate of 54%. The best callus induction period was 10 weeks. The morphology of embryogenic callus was nodular. Somatic embryos were formed after transfer of the callus to regeneration medium. These somatic embryos revealed later on the typical features of zygotic Alstroemeria embryos. The total duration of the plant regeneration protocol, from inoculation till rooted plantlets ready for transfer to the greenhouse, was 28 weeks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050036
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitroglycerin for ergotism. Experimental studies in vitro and in migraine patients and treatment of an overt case (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitroglycerin ; ergotamine ; ergotism ; arteries ; peripheral blood pressure ; human artery contraction ; migraine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ergotamine was used to induce arterial contraction in vitro (measurement of isometric tension in segments from 3 human temporal arteries) and in vivo (peripheral systolic blood pressure measured by strain gauge plethysmography in 5 migrainous patients). In both these models of ergotism, the directly acting vasodilator nitroglycerine (NTG) effectively relieved the ergotamine-induced arterial contractions. A case of ergotism treated succesfully with NTG infusion is reported. The diagnosis was based on history and measurement of peripheral systolic blood pressure by strain gauge plethysmography. The latter technique was also used to monitor the response to treatment for 20 h. Blood levels of ergotamine during ergotism were in the therapeutic range. Possible explanations for this finding are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542453
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and genetic comparison of two nitrate reductase-deficient pea mutants disturbed in the cofactor (1987)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 25 (1987), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Pisum sativum ; nitrate reductase ; mutants ; molybdenum cofactor disturbed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two nitrate reductase (NaR)-deficient mutants of pea (Pisum sativum L.), E1 and A300, both disturbed in the molybdenum cofactor function and isolated, respectively, from cv Rondo and cv Juneau, were tested for allelism and were compared in biochemical and growth characteristics. The F1 plants of the cross E1 × A300 possessed NaR and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) activities comparable to those of the wild types, indicating that these mutants belong to different complementation groups, representing two different loci. Therefore, mutant E1 represents, besides mutant A300 and the allelic mutants A317 and A334, a third locus governing NaR and is assigned the gene destignation nar 3. In comparison with the wild types, cytochrome c reductase activity was increased in both mutants. The mutants had different cytochrome c reductase distribution patterns, indicating that mutant A300 could be disturbed in the ability to dimerize NaR apoprotein monomers, and mutant E1 in the catalytic function of the molybdenum cofactor. In growth characteristics studied, A300 did not differ from the wild types, whereas fully grown leaves of mutant E1 became necrotic in soil and in liquid media containing nitrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00498957
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, partial sequencing and expression of a cDNA coding for branching enzyme in cassava (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 20 (1992), S. 809-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Branching enzyme ; cassava ; cDNA ; expression pattern ; Manihot esculenta Crantz ; sequence homology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Branching enzyme is involved in the synthesis of amylopectin in plant reserve starch. A cDNA coding for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) branching enzyme was cloned from a λgt11 cDNA library using a potato cDNA probe. The cloned cDNA was partially sequenced. The sequence data confirmed the identity of the clone when compared to that of potato, the homology being ca. 80% at the nucleotide level and 85% at the amino acid level. Furthermore, the cloned cassava cDNA was able to restore branching enzyme activity in a branching enzyme deficient Escherichia coli mutant. Results of the Southern analysis suggested that there is a single gene for this particular branching enzyme in the cassava genome. Study of expression patterns by northern hybridization showed that the gene is highly expressed in tubers. The transcript is detectable in stem and petiole, but not in leaves. In roots, the mRNA is hardly present. The expression levels at different stages of tuber growth are similar with exception of very young tubers in which it is relatively low. It is also shown that there is a difference in the level of branching enzyme expression between different cassava genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027152
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