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  • Books  (3)
  • Other Sources  (19)
  • Elsevier  (17)
  • Taylor & Francis  (5)
  • 1
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    Taylor & Francis | Oceanography and Marine Biology | Oceanography and Marine Biology | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Global declines in biodiversity have become increasingly severe. Traditional monitoring approaches for assessing marine species distributions and abundances are time consuming, costly, and manpower intensive. Fortunately, rapid progress of sequencing technologies from first-generation to high-throughput sequencing have resulted in improvements in experimental techniques. These advances have accelerated rates of species discovery and identification, enabling community-level biomonitoring – the ‘Biomonitoring 2.0’ framework. Simultaneous multispecies identifications in mixed-sample pools are now mainstream with DNA metabarcoding, upscaling monitoring from the individual specimen to the ecosystem scale. In this review, we examine the progress of DNA metabarcoding over the last decade in the characterisation of marine macrobiota to microbial communities. By melding molecular techniques and more traditional taxonomic tools, this integrative Biomonitoring 2.0 approach is tailored to improve the overall effectiveness of biomonitoring. As such, we here assess its accuracy, expertise requirement, general applicability, time, cost-effectiveness, and throughput for biomonitoring. We highlight various methodological challenges that must be considered during implementation, including completeness of reference databases, representativeness of sequencing read counts for quantitative estimates, and supplementation with environmental RNA for discerning live signals from legacy DNA. Finally, we conclude with an outlook of the enhanced Biomonitoring 2.0 framework for mass adoption by ecologists and managers, as well as the prospects of emerging rapid detection technologies for ecosystem surveillance.
    Keywords: Barcoding ; Bioinformatics ; Environmental DNA Metabarcoding ; Environmental RNA ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: This chapter provides an overview of ITS-related research undertaken in Asian developing countries. The chapter begins with a brief overview of the development and nature of ITSs. It then outlines the methods for selecting and analyzing the literature used for the study, describing the research foci of these studies and highlighting the findings in relation to the effectiveness of ITSs developed or deployed in these countries. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the limitations of current ITS research and identifies potential areas for further study.
    Keywords: its ; intelligent tutoring systems (its) ; asia ; research ; its ; intelligent tutoring systems (its) ; asia ; research ; Developing country ; Educational technology ; Effect size ; Mathematics ; Meta-analysis ; Philippines ; User interface ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This handbook addresses a growing list of challenges faced by regions and cities in the Pacific;Rim, drawing connections around the what, why, and how questions that are fundamental;to sustainable development policies and planning practices. These include the connection;between cities and surrounding landscapes, across different boundaries and scales; the persistence;of environmental and development inequities; and the growing impacts of global;climate change, including how physical conditions and social implications are being anticipated;and addressed. Building upon localized knowledge and contextualized experiences,;this edited collection brings attention to place-;based;approaches across the Pacific Rim and;makes an important contribution to the scholarly and practical understanding of sustainable;urban development models that have mostly emerged out of the Western experiences. Nine;sections, each grounded in research, dialogue, and collaboration with practical examples and;analysis, focus on a theme or dimension that carries critical impacts on a holistic vision of city-;landscape;development, such as resilient communities, ecosystem services and biodiversity,;energy, water, health, and planning and engagement.;This international edited collection will appeal to academics and students engaged in;research involving landscape architecture, architecture, planning, public policy, law, urban;studies, geography, environmental science, and area studies. It also informs policy makers,;professionals, and advocates of actionable knowledge and adoptable ideas by connecting;those issues with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs);of the United Nations. The;collection of writings presented in this book speaks to multiyear collaboration of scholars;through the APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes (SCL);Program and its global network,;facilitated by SCL Annual Conferences and involving more than 100 contributors;from more than 30 institutions.
    Keywords: city-landscape development ; development inequities ; Pacific Rim ; sustainable development policies ; sustainable urban development ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMC Architectural structure and design::AMCR Environmentally-friendly (‘green’) architecture and design ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMV Landscape architecture and design::AMVD City and town planning: architectural aspects ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Elsevier
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Urban Disaster Mitigation: The Role of Science and Technology, New York, Elsevier, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 147-156, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Earthquake risk ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2020-01-02
    Description: We evaluated the relationship between interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) expression, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature and angiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. Additionally, we examined prognostic significance of IFITM1 according to pTNM stage to confirm that IFITM1 can serve as a complement to the pTNM stage. A total of 141 lung adenocarcinoma specimens were evaluated retrospectively by immunohistochemical staining for IFITM1, EMT markers (e-cadherin, β-catenin, and vimentin), and CD31 to measure microvessel density. IFITM1was expressed in 46.8% of the specimens. IFITM1 expression was significantly correlated with increased microvessel density (P = 0.048). However, IFITM1 expression was not associated with three EMT markers. In a multivariate analysis, IFITM1 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio: 2.59, P = 0.01). Online database with data from 720 lung adenocarcinoma patients also revealed a negative prognostic significance of IFITM1 (P 〈 0.001). Furthermore, high IFITM1 expression was significantly correlated with decreased OS rates in each pTNM stage. IFITM1 is significantly correlated with angiogenesis and it may be used as a useful additional prognostic marker to aid pTNM classification.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Correlation of the Paleoproterozoic rocks of the Korean Peninsula and China has been considered to be important for the tectonic evolution of Northeast Asia, yet it is still unclear. Recently considerable new data have been obtained from the Korean Peninsula and China providing a better opportunity to correlate the Paleoproterozoic rocks of the Korean Peninsula and China. Intermediate–P/T metamorphism and post–collisional magmatism have been found to have occurred during ca. 1.95–1.83 Ga not only in the Jiao–Liao–Ji belt on the eastern North China Craton but also in the Nangrim and northern Gyeonggi Massifs within the Korean Peninsula representing that these Paleoproterozoic rocks can be correlated. These events occurred as a result of the collision between the Longgang Block of the eastern North China Craton and the Nangrim Massifs of the Korean Peninsula. On the other hand, the southeastern Gyeonggi Massif underwent an arc–related magmatic and metamorphic events during ca. 1.96–1.91 Ga suggesting that the Paleoproterozoic rocks in southeastern Gyeonggi Massif cannot be correlated with those in northern Gyeonggi Massif. The Yeongnam Massif is unlikely correlated to the Nangrim and northern Gyeonggi Massifs and the eastern North China Craton because arc–related igneous activity occurred during ca. 2.00–1.85 Ga in the Sobaeksan Gneiss Complex in the central to northeastern Yeongnam Massif. The Jirisan Gneiss Complex in the southwestern Yeongnam Massif underwent intermediate–P/T metamorphism that is followed by post–collisional magmatic and low–P/T metamorphic events during ca. 1.92–1.86 Ga and these events may be correlated to those in the eastern Cathaysia Block on the South China Craton. The Paleoproterozoic correlation between the Korean Peninsula and China in this study supports a tectonic model in which the Permo–Triassic Dabie–Sulu continental collision belt in China extends into the Hongseong–Odaesan collision belt in the Gyeonggi Massif within the Korean Peninsula.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Pretreatment of microalgal biomass possessing rigid cell wall is a critical step for enhancing the efficiency of microalgal biorefinery. However, the conventional pretreatment processes suffer the drawbacks of complex processing steps, long processing time, low conversion efficiency and high processing costs. This significantly hinders the industrial applicability of microalgal biorefinery. The innovative electricity-aid pretreatment techniques serve as a promising processing tool to extensively enhance the release of intracellular substances from microalgae. In this review, application of electric field-based techniques and recent advances of using electrical pretreatments on microalgae cell focusing on pulsed electric field, electrolysis, high voltage electrical discharges and moderate electric field are reviewed. In addition, the emerging techniques integrating electrolysis with liquid biphasic flotation process as promising downstream approach is discussed. This review delivers broad knowledge of the present significance of the application of these methods focusing on the development of electric assisted biomolecules extraction from microalgae.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-09-18
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The cause of rapid hydrological changes in the tropical West Pacific during the last deglaciation remains controversial. In order to test whether these changes were triggered by abrupt climate change events in the North Atlantic Ocean, variations in precipitation during the last deglaciation (18–10 ka) were extracted from proxy records of chemical weathering and terrigenous input in the western Philippine Sea (WPS). The evolution of chemical weathering and terrigenous input since 27 ka was reconstructed using the chemical index of alteration (CIA), elemental ratios (K/Al, TOC/TN and Ti/Ca), δ13Corg, terrigenous fraction abundance and flux data from International Marine Global Change Study Program (IMAGES) core MD06-3054 collected on the upper continental slope of eastern Luzon (northern Philippines). Sediment deposited during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) shows weathering equal to or slightly greater than Holocene sediment in the WPS. This unusual state of chemical weathering, which is inconsistent with lower air temperatures and decreased precipitation in Luzon during the LGM, may be due to reworking of poorly consolidated sediments on the eastern Luzon continental shelf during the LGM sea-level lowstand. Rapid changes in chemical weathering, characterized by higher intensity during the Heinrich event 1 (H1) and Younger Dryas (YD) and lower intensity during the Bølling-Allerød (B/A), were linked to rapid variations in precipitation in the WPS during the last deglaciation. The higher terrigenous inputs during the LGM relative to those of the Holocene were controlled by sea-level changes rather than precipitation. The terrigenous inputs show a long-term decline during the last deglaciation, punctuated by brief spikes during the H1 and YD related to sea-level rises and rapid precipitation changes in the WPS, respectively. The proxy records of chemical weathering and terrigenous input from eastern Luzon suggest high rainfall during the H1 and YD events, consistent with inferred rainfall patterns based on Fe/Ca records from offshore Mindanao. Rapid precipitation changes in the WPS did not coincide with migrations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) but, rather, were related to state shifts of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the last deglaciation. Based on proxy records and modeling results, we argue that the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) controlled rapid precipitation changes in the tropical West Pacific through zonal shifts of ENSO or meridional migration of the ITCZ during the last deglaciation. Our findings highlight the dominant role of the North Atlantic Ocean in the tropical hydrologic cycle during the last deglaciation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-08-15
    Description: Observations of the dinoflagellate Dinophysis norvegica in the Baltic Sea during the summers of 1991–1993 indicate that maximal abundances (c 40–150 × 103 cells l-1) were found at the thermocline, typically at 12°C. Maximum densities were usually between 12 and 15 m where 2·9% and 1·5% of surface photon irradiances, respectively, were measured. No diel vertical migration was observed, and cell densities in the mixed layer were always low. Photosynthesis versus irradiance measurements with an oxygen electrode indicated that these populations had a P max of 2·47 [coefficient of variation (CV) 7·3%] and 3·4 (CV 4·7%) mg O2 mg Chl a -1 h-1, and compensation values of photon irradiance were 16·5 and 83 μmol m-2 s-1 in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Both oxygen electrode and 14C light/dark bottle measurements indicated that D. norvegica had very little net photosynthesis at the depths where it was most abundant; it would have had about 2·5-fold greater capacity at photon irradiances present closer to the surface. Calculated carbon doubling times via photosynthesis averaged 4–11 months. There was no observable diel rhythym of DNA synthesis, suggesting that either D. norvegica was not dividing synchronously (asynchronous division is common in heterotrophs) or not dividing at all. Electron microscopy did not reveal the presence of food vacuoles, but feeding and digestion could have been extracellular. The data suggest that this species is a mixotroph which received its primary nutrition via heterotrophic means during our observation periods in the summers of 1991–1993.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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