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  • Animals  (10)
  • Atmosphere  (3)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (13)
  • Oxford University Press
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2009-03-07
    Description: Amazon forests are a key but poorly understood component of the global carbon cycle. If, as anticipated, they dry this century, they might accelerate climate change through carbon losses and changed surface energy balances. We used records from multiple long-term monitoring plots across Amazonia to assess forest responses to the intense 2005 drought, a possible analog of future events. Affected forest lost biomass, reversing a large long-term carbon sink, with the greatest impacts observed where the dry season was unusually intense. Relative to pre-2005 conditions, forest subjected to a 100-millimeter increase in water deficit lost 5.3 megagrams of aboveground biomass of carbon per hectare. The drought had a total biomass carbon impact of 1.2 to 1.6 petagrams (1.2 x 10(15) to 1.6 x 10(15) grams). Amazon forests therefore appear vulnerable to increasing moisture stress, with the potential for large carbon losses to exert feedback on climate change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Phillips, Oliver L -- Aragao, Luiz E O C -- Lewis, Simon L -- Fisher, Joshua B -- Lloyd, Jon -- Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela -- Malhi, Yadvinder -- Monteagudo, Abel -- Peacock, Julie -- Quesada, Carlos A -- van der Heijden, Geertje -- Almeida, Samuel -- Amaral, Ieda -- Arroyo, Luzmila -- Aymard, Gerardo -- Baker, Tim R -- Banki, Olaf -- Blanc, Lilian -- Bonal, Damien -- Brando, Paulo -- Chave, Jerome -- de Oliveira, Atila Cristina Alves -- Cardozo, Nallaret Davila -- Czimczik, Claudia I -- Feldpausch, Ted R -- Freitas, Maria Aparecida -- Gloor, Emanuel -- Higuchi, Niro -- Jimenez, Eliana -- Lloyd, Gareth -- Meir, Patrick -- Mendoza, Casimiro -- Morel, Alexandra -- Neill, David A -- Nepstad, Daniel -- Patino, Sandra -- Penuela, Maria Cristina -- Prieto, Adriana -- Ramirez, Fredy -- Schwarz, Michael -- Silva, Javier -- Silveira, Marcos -- Thomas, Anne Sota -- Steege, Hans Ter -- Stropp, Juliana -- Vasquez, Rodolfo -- Zelazowski, Przemyslaw -- Alvarez Davila, Esteban -- Andelman, Sandy -- Andrade, Ana -- Chao, Kuo-Jung -- Erwin, Terry -- Di Fiore, Anthony -- Honorio C, Euridice -- Keeling, Helen -- Killeen, Tim J -- Laurance, William F -- Pena Cruz, Antonio -- Pitman, Nigel C A -- Nunez Vargas, Percy -- Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma -- Rudas, Agustin -- Salamao, Rafael -- Silva, Natalino -- Terborgh, John -- Torres-Lezama, Armando -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 6;323(5919):1344-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1164033.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ecology and Global Change, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. o.phillips@leeds.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19265020" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Biomass ; Brazil ; Carbon ; Carbon Dioxide ; Climate ; *Droughts ; *Ecosystem ; South America ; *Trees/growth & development ; Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2006-04-08
    Description: Aortic aneurysm and dissection are manifestations of Marfan syndrome (MFS), a disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes fibrillin-1. Selected manifestations of MFS reflect excessive signaling by the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family of cytokines. We show that aortic aneurysm in a mouse model of MFS is associated with increased TGF-beta signaling and can be prevented by TGF-beta antagonists such as TGF-beta-neutralizing antibody or the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) blocker, losartan. AT1 antagonism also partially reversed noncardiovascular manifestations of MFS, including impaired alveolar septation. These data suggest that losartan, a drug already in clinical use for hypertension, merits investigation as a therapeutic strategy for patients with MFS and has the potential to prevent the major life-threatening manifestation of this disorder.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1482474/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1482474/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Habashi, Jennifer P -- Judge, Daniel P -- Holm, Tammy M -- Cohn, Ronald D -- Loeys, Bart L -- Cooper, Timothy K -- Myers, Loretha -- Klein, Erin C -- Liu, Guosheng -- Calvi, Carla -- Podowski, Megan -- Neptune, Enid R -- Halushka, Marc K -- Bedja, Djahida -- Gabrielson, Kathleen -- Rifkin, Daniel B -- Carta, Luca -- Ramirez, Francesco -- Huso, David L -- Dietz, Harry C -- K08 HL067056/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Apr 7;312(5770):117-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16601194" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Aorta/pathology ; Aortic Aneurysm/etiology/*prevention & control ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Elastic Tissue/pathology ; Female ; Losartan/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Lung/pathology ; Lung Diseases/drug therapy/pathology ; Marfan Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Mice ; Microfilament Proteins/genetics ; Mutation ; Neutralization Tests ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy ; Propranolol/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors/immunology/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-07-28
    Description: Memories can be unreliable. We created a false memory in mice by optogenetically manipulating memory engram-bearing cells in the hippocampus. Dentate gyrus (DG) or CA1 neurons activated by exposure to a particular context were labeled with channelrhodopsin-2. These neurons were later optically reactivated during fear conditioning in a different context. The DG experimental group showed increased freezing in the original context, in which a foot shock was never delivered. The recall of this false memory was context-specific, activated similar downstream regions engaged during natural fear memory recall, and was also capable of driving an active fear response. Our data demonstrate that it is possible to generate an internally represented and behaviorally expressed fear memory via artificial means.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ramirez, Steve -- Liu, Xu -- Lin, Pei-Ann -- Suh, Junghyup -- Pignatelli, Michele -- Redondo, Roger L -- Ryan, Tomas J -- Tonegawa, Susumu -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jul 26;341(6144):387-91. doi: 10.1126/science.1239073.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉RIKEN-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Neural Circuit Genetics at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23888038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Association ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/cytology/*physiology ; *Conditioning (Psychology) ; Dentate Gyrus/cytology/*physiology ; Dependovirus/genetics ; Doxycycline/administration & dosage ; Fear ; Genes, fos ; Light ; Memory/*physiology ; Mental Recall/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurons/*physiology ; Optogenetics ; Rhodopsin/genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2005-07-16
    Description: Whole-genome sequencing of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that the diploid genome contains a predicted 22,570 proteins encoded by genes, of which 12,570 represent allelic pairs. Over 50% of the genome consists of repeated sequences, such as retrotransposons and genes for large families of surface molecules, which include trans-sialidases, mucins, gp63s, and a large novel family (〉1300 copies) of mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) genes. Analyses of the T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania major (Tritryp) genomes imply differences from other eukaryotes in DNA repair and initiation of replication and reflect their unusual mitochondrial DNA. Although the Tritryp lack several classes of signaling molecules, their kinomes contain a large and diverse set of protein kinases and phosphatases; their size and diversity imply previously unknown interactions and regulatory processes, which may be targets for intervention.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉El-Sayed, Najib M -- Myler, Peter J -- Bartholomeu, Daniella C -- Nilsson, Daniel -- Aggarwal, Gautam -- Tran, Anh-Nhi -- Ghedin, Elodie -- Worthey, Elizabeth A -- Delcher, Arthur L -- Blandin, Gaelle -- Westenberger, Scott J -- Caler, Elisabet -- Cerqueira, Gustavo C -- Branche, Carole -- Haas, Brian -- Anupama, Atashi -- Arner, Erik -- Aslund, Lena -- Attipoe, Philip -- Bontempi, Esteban -- Bringaud, Frederic -- Burton, Peter -- Cadag, Eithon -- Campbell, David A -- Carrington, Mark -- Crabtree, Jonathan -- Darban, Hamid -- da Silveira, Jose Franco -- de Jong, Pieter -- Edwards, Kimberly -- Englund, Paul T -- Fazelina, Gholam -- Feldblyum, Tamara -- Ferella, Marcela -- Frasch, Alberto Carlos -- Gull, Keith -- Horn, David -- Hou, Lihua -- Huang, Yiting -- Kindlund, Ellen -- Klingbeil, Michele -- Kluge, Sindy -- Koo, Hean -- Lacerda, Daniela -- Levin, Mariano J -- Lorenzi, Hernan -- Louie, Tin -- Machado, Carlos Renato -- McCulloch, Richard -- McKenna, Alan -- Mizuno, Yumi -- Mottram, Jeremy C -- Nelson, Siri -- Ochaya, Stephen -- Osoegawa, Kazutoyo -- Pai, Grace -- Parsons, Marilyn -- Pentony, Martin -- Pettersson, Ulf -- Pop, Mihai -- Ramirez, Jose Luis -- Rinta, Joel -- Robertson, Laura -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Sanchez, Daniel O -- Seyler, Amber -- Sharma, Reuben -- Shetty, Jyoti -- Simpson, Anjana J -- Sisk, Ellen -- Tammi, Martti T -- Tarleton, Rick -- Teixeira, Santuza -- Van Aken, Susan -- Vogt, Christy -- Ward, Pauline N -- Wickstead, Bill -- Wortman, Jennifer -- White, Owen -- Fraser, Claire M -- Stuart, Kenneth D -- Andersson, Bjorn -- AI045039/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45038/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45061/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI031077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI031077-11/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI045038/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI045039/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 15;309(5733):409-15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Parasite Genomics, Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. nelsayed@tigr.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16020725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chagas Disease/drug therapy/parasitology ; DNA Repair ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; DNA, Protozoan/genetics ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Genome, Protozoan ; Humans ; Meiosis ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Multigene Family ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroelements ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Signal Transduction ; Telomere/genetics ; Trypanocidal Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Trypanosoma cruzi/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-10-12
    Description: The mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus poses a substantial threat to human and veterinary health as a primary vector of West Nile virus (WNV), the filarial worm Wuchereria bancrofti, and an avian malaria parasite. Comparative phylogenomics revealed an expanded canonical C. quinquefasciatus immune gene repertoire compared with those of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae. Transcriptomic analysis of C. quinquefasciatus genes responsive to WNV, W. bancrofti, and non-native bacteria facilitated an unprecedented meta-analysis of 25 vector-pathogen interactions involving arboviruses, filarial worms, bacteria, and malaria parasites, revealing common and distinct responses to these pathogen types in three mosquito genera. Our findings provide support for the hypothesis that mosquito-borne pathogens have evolved to evade innate immune responses in three vector mosquito species of major medical importance.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3104938/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3104938/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartholomay, Lyric C -- Waterhouse, Robert M -- Mayhew, George F -- Campbell, Corey L -- Michel, Kristin -- Zou, Zhen -- Ramirez, Jose L -- Das, Suchismita -- Alvarez, Kanwal -- Arensburger, Peter -- Bryant, Bart -- Chapman, Sinead B -- Dong, Yuemei -- Erickson, Sara M -- Karunaratne, S H P Parakrama -- Kokoza, Vladimir -- Kodira, Chinnappa D -- Pignatelli, Patricia -- Shin, Sang Woon -- Vanlandingham, Dana L -- Atkinson, Peter W -- Birren, Bruce -- Christophides, George K -- Clem, Rollie J -- Hemingway, Janet -- Higgs, Stephen -- Megy, Karine -- Ranson, Hilary -- Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- Raikhel, Alexander S -- Christensen, Bruce M -- Dimopoulos, George -- Muskavitch, Marc A T -- F31 AI080161/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F31 AI080161-01A1/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN266200400001C/AO/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN266200400001C/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN266200400039C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HHSN266200400039C/PHS HHS/ -- P20 RR017686/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P20 RR017686-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI019769/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI019769-26/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059492/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059492-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI061576/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI061576-08/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI067698/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI067698-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI078997/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI078997-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI095842/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI19769/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI59492/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI67698/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI067642/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI067642-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T01CCT622892/PHS HHS/ -- T32 A107536/PHS HHS/ -- T32 AI007414/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007417/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Oct 1;330(6000):88-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1193162.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929811" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/genetics/immunology/microbiology/parasitology ; Animals ; Anopheles gambiae/genetics/metabolism/microbiology/parasitology ; Arboviruses/immunology/pathogenicity/physiology ; Bacteria/immunology/pathogenicity ; Biological Evolution ; Culex/*genetics/*immunology/microbiology/parasitology ; Ecosystem ; Filarioidea/immunology/pathogenicity/physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Insect ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Immunity, Innate/*genetics ; Insect Vectors/*genetics/*immunology/microbiology/parasitology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Phylogeny ; RNA Interference ; Transcription, Genetic ; West Nile virus/immunology/pathogenicity/physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2010-11-13
    Description: Temperatures in tropical regions are estimated to have increased by 3 degrees to 5 degrees C, compared with Late Paleocene values, during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 56.3 million years ago) event. We investigated the tropical forest response to this rapid warming by evaluating the palynological record of three stratigraphic sections in eastern Colombia and western Venezuela. We observed a rapid and distinct increase in plant diversity and origination rates, with a set of new taxa, mostly angiosperms, added to the existing stock of low-diversity Paleocene flora. There is no evidence for enhanced aridity in the northern Neotropics. The tropical rainforest was able to persist under elevated temperatures and high levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, in contrast to speculations that tropical ecosystems were severely compromised by heat stress.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaramillo, Carlos -- Ochoa, Diana -- Contreras, Lineth -- Pagani, Mark -- Carvajal-Ortiz, Humberto -- Pratt, Lisa M -- Krishnan, Srinath -- Cardona, Agustin -- Romero, Millerlandy -- Quiroz, Luis -- Rodriguez, Guillermo -- Rueda, Milton J -- de la Parra, Felipe -- Moron, Sara -- Green, Walton -- Bayona, German -- Montes, Camilo -- Quintero, Oscar -- Ramirez, Rafael -- Mora, German -- Schouten, Stefan -- Bermudez, Hermann -- Navarrete, Rosa -- Parra, Francisco -- Alvaran, Mauricio -- Osorno, Jose -- Crowley, James L -- Valencia, Victor -- Vervoort, Jeff -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 12;330(6006):957-61. doi: 10.1126/science.1193833.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama. jaramilloc@si.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21071667" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Atmosphere ; Biodiversity ; Carbon Dioxide ; Colombia ; *Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; *Global Warming ; *Plants ; Pollen ; Spores ; Temperature ; Time ; *Trees ; *Tropical Climate ; Venezuela
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: Most flowering plants establish mutualistic associations with insect pollinators to facilitate sexual reproduction. However, the evolutionary processes that gave rise to these associations remain poorly understood. We reconstructed the times of divergence, diversification patterns, and interaction networks of a diverse group of specialized orchids and their bee pollinators. In contrast to a scenario of coevolution by race formation, we show that fragrance-producing orchids originated at least three times independently after their fragrance-collecting bee mutualists. Whereas orchid diversification has apparently tracked the diversification of orchids' bee pollinators, bees appear to have depended on the diverse chemical environment of neotropical forests. We corroborated this apparent asymmetrical dependency by simulating co-extinction cascades in real interaction networks that lacked reciprocal specialization. These results suggest that the diversification of insect-pollinated angiosperms may have been facilitated by the exploitation of preexisting sensory biases of insect pollinators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ramirez, Santiago R -- Eltz, Thomas -- Fujiwara, Mikiko K -- Gerlach, Gunter -- Goldman-Huertas, Benjamin -- Tsutsui, Neil D -- Pierce, Naomi E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 23;333(6050):1742-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1209175.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. sramirez@post.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bees/anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Ecosystem ; Extinction, Biological ; Female ; Flowers/*anatomy & histology ; Fossils ; Genetic Speciation ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Odors ; Orchidaceae/anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics/*physiology ; Phylogeny ; *Pollination ; Selection, Genetic ; *Symbiosis
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-05-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mengerink, Kathryn J -- Van Dover, Cindy L -- Ardron, Jeff -- Baker, Maria -- Escobar-Briones, Elva -- Gjerde, Kristina -- Koslow, J Anthony -- Ramirez-Llodra, Eva -- Lara-Lopez, Ana -- Squires, Dale -- Sutton, Tracey -- Sweetman, Andrew K -- Levin, Lisa A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 May 16;344(6185):696-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1251458.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Environmental Law Institute, Washington, DC 20036, USA. Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093-0202, USA. ; Marine Laboratory, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA. ; Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany. ; National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. ; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, ICML, Mexico. ; Wycliffe Management, 05510 Warsaw, Poland. ; Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093-0202, USA. ; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway. ; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. ; University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Oceanographic Center, College of Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA. ; International Research Institute of Stavanger, Norway. ; Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093-0202, USA. llevin@ucsd.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24833377" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Air Pollutants ; Atmosphere ; Biodiversity ; *Carbon Dioxide ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*methods ; Minerals ; Mining ; Oceans and Seas ; *Seawater
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: A challenge for HIV-1 immunogen design is the difficulty of inducing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against neutralization-resistant (tier 2) viruses that dominate human transmissions. We show that a soluble recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer that adopts a native conformation, BG505 SOSIP.664, induced NAbs potently against the sequence-matched tier 2 virus in rabbits and similar but weaker responses in macaques. The trimer also consistently induced cross-reactive NAbs against more sensitive (tier 1) viruses. Tier 2 NAbs recognized conformational epitopes that differed between animals and in some cases overlapped with those recognized by broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), whereas tier 1 responses targeted linear V3 epitopes. A second trimer, B41 SOSIP.664, also induced a strong autologous tier 2 NAb response in rabbits. Thus, native-like trimers represent a promising starting point for the development of HIV-1 vaccines aimed at inducing bNAbs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4498988/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4498988/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanders, Rogier W -- van Gils, Marit J -- Derking, Ronald -- Sok, Devin -- Ketas, Thomas J -- Burger, Judith A -- Ozorowski, Gabriel -- Cupo, Albert -- Simonich, Cassandra -- Goo, Leslie -- Arendt, Heather -- Kim, Helen J -- Lee, Jeong Hyun -- Pugach, Pavel -- Williams, Melissa -- Debnath, Gargi -- Moldt, Brian -- van Breemen, Marielle J -- Isik, Gozde -- Medina-Ramirez, Max -- Back, Jaap Willem -- Koff, Wayne C -- Julien, Jean-Philippe -- Rakasz, Eva G -- Seaman, Michael S -- Guttman, Miklos -- Lee, Kelly K -- Klasse, Per Johan -- LaBranche, Celia -- Schief, William R -- Wilson, Ian A -- Overbaugh, Julie -- Burton, Dennis R -- Ward, Andrew B -- Montefiori, David C -- Dean, Hansi -- Moore, John P -- 280829/European Research Council/International -- HHSN27201100016C/PHS HHS/ -- P01 AI082362/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P51 OD011106/OD/NIH HHS/ -- P51OD011106/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI076105/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI036082/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R56 AI084817/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007266/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- UM1 AI100663/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 10;349(6244):aac4223. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4223. Epub 2015 Jun 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. jpm2003@med.cornell.edu rws2002@med.cornell.edu. ; Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Neutralizing Antibody Center, and Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Neutralizing Antibody Center, and Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY 10004, USA. ; Pepscan Therapeutics, 8243RC Lelystad, Netherlands. ; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA. ; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Neutralizing Antibody Center, and Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY 10004, USA. Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Neutralizing Antibody Center, and Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Neutralizing Antibody Center, and Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. jpm2003@med.cornell.edu rws2002@med.cornell.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS Vaccines/*immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/*immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Epitopes/immunology ; HIV Antibodies/*immunology ; HIV Infections/*prevention & control ; HIV-1/*immunology ; Humans ; Macaca ; Protein Engineering ; Protein Multimerization ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/immunology ; env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/chemistry/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: In otherwise profoundly akinetic rats that had been severely depleted of brain catecholamines, anticholinergic drugs caused excessive walking. The effect did not appear until 10 days after surgery and then increased with time, suggesting that a phenomenon analogous to denervation supersensitivity may be involved. If the animals walked into corners, they were unable to turn around or back out. Their gait (extremely short steps) was reminiscent of that of patients with Parkinson's disease. The results are consistent with a mutually antagonistic interaction between cholinergic and dopaminergic brain systems and emphasize certain complexities in this interaction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schallert, T -- Whishaw, I Q -- Ramirez, V D -- Teitelbaum, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1461-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atropine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Catalepsy/chemically induced/drug therapy ; Gait ; Humans ; Hydroxydopamines/*pharmacology ; Locomotion/*drug effects ; Male ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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