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  • Springer  (16)
  • Cambridge University Press  (2)
  • Arctic Institute of North America  (1)
  • Canadian Science Publishing  (1)
  • Taylor & Francis
  • 1990-1994  (17)
  • 1955-1959  (4)
  • 1915-1919
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Keywords
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Land application of poultry litter and water quality in Oklahoma, U.S.A. (1994)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 40 (1994), S. 165-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Animal manure ; eutrophication ; ground water ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; surface runoff
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract With the rapid growth of the poultry industry in Oklahoma, U.S.A., more litter is applied to farm land. Thus, information is required on the impact of applications on regional soil and water resources. The effect of soil and poultry litter management on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss in runoff and subsurface flow from four 16 m2 plots (Ruston fine sandy loam, 6 to 8% slope) was investigated under natural rainfall. Plots under Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) received 11 Mg litter ha−1, which amounts to contributions of approximately 410 kg N and 140 kg P ha−1 yr−1. In spring, litter was broadcast on 3 of the plots; the upper half of one and total area of the other two. One of the total-area broadcast plots was tilled to 6 cm, the other remained as no till. The fourth plot served as a control. Relative to the control, litter application increased mean concentrations of total N and total P in runoff during the 16-week study for no-till (15.4 and 5.8 mg L−1) and tilled treatments (16.7 and 6.1 mg L−1). However, values for the half-area application (5.6 and 2.0 mg L−1) were similar to the control (5.7 and 1.3 mg L−1). Interflow (subsurface lateral flow at 70 cm depth) P was not affected by litter application; however, nitrate-N concentrations increased from 0.6 (control) to 2.9 mg L−1 (no till). In all cases, 〈 2 % litter N and P was lost in runoff and interflow, maintaining acceptable water quality concentrations. Although litter increased grass yield (8518 kg ha−1) compared to the control (3501 kg ha−1), yields were not affected by litter management. An 8-fold increase in the plant available P content of surface soil indicates long-term litter management and application rates will be critical to the environmentally sound use of this nutrient resource.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750462
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review of the molecular structure of tetanus toxin (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 107 (1991), S. 33-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A discontinuous preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system has been developed and used to purify both the nicked and unnicked forms of tetanus toxin. The system was also used to prepare purified H and L chain peptides from the nicked toxin. The results show that the endogenous protease(s), which convert unnicked toxin to the nicked form, produce multiple species of nicked toxin, and heterogeneity in the H and L chains. The major amino termini of the toxins and their peptide components are: extract toxin, proline; filtrate toxin, proline, serine and asparagine; L chain, proline; and H chain, serine and asparagine. The L chain is located in the amino terminal position of the toxin molecule and the H chain the carboxy terminal end. A model is proposed to explain these results. Using the analytical ultracentrifuge, we have determined the molecular weights of extract and filtrate toxins to be 140 000 ± 5 000 and 128 000 ± 3 000, respectively. Using S DS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis we estimate the molecular weights of the H and L chains to be 87 000 and 48 000 daltons, respectively. Circular dichroic spectra of the toxins and their peptide components indicate that: the major tryptophanyl band in the toxin is contributed almost entirely by the H chain, the microenvironments of all the aromatics and disulfides in the two toxins appear to have small if any differences, the two toxins show little difference in their ordered secondary structure, and the two peptides when separated from one another still retain 80% of the helical structure that is present in the intact toxin but show a considerable loss of β-structure. The crystalline form of the nicked toxin has a hexagonal symmetry with two dimensional reciprocal lattice constants of 1/150 Å−1 and 1/150 Å−1. The crystals appear to belong to the two dimensional plane group P6 suggesting that each unit cell contains 6 or a multiple of 6 toxin molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214820
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple method for ultrastructural enzyme cytochemistry on small volumes and numbers of isolated cells (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 23 (1991), S. 10-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A simple technique is described for ultrastructural enzyme cytochemistry using small volumes and numbers of single cells. Small aliquots (1–5 μl) of single cells suspended in a glutaraldehyde fixative are incubated on poly-L-lysine-coated glass coverslips. Cells in contact with the coated coverslip become immobilized to that support. All changes of solutions are accomplished without repeated centrifugation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01886502
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scaleup of Oral Extended-Release Dosage Forms (1993)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 10 (1993), S. 1800-1805 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018946819849
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symptoms of mineral nutrient deficiencies and the nutrient concentration ranges in seedlings of Eucalyptus maculata Hook. (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 155-156 (1993), S. 255-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: concentration ranges ; deficiency symptoms ; macronutrients ; micronutrients ; spotted iron gum (Eucalyptus maculata Hook.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract With the establishment of plantation eucalypts around the world there is an increasing need for reference data which can be used to diagnose the nutrient status of eucalypt seedlings. Therefore, deletion glasshouse nutrient trials were set up in sand and solution culture to obtain deficiencies of N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in the spotted iron gum (Eucalyptus maculata). Nutrient concentration ranges were obtained for leaves at defined growth stages for (a) healthy plants, (b) plants where yield was just depressed or where symptoms first appeared, and (c) plants with severe symptoms. The defined symptoms and nutrient concentration ranges should be useful in identifying single nutrient deficiencies in nursury grown seedlings or young plants with juvenile foliage in the field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025032
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance to Russian wheat aphid in barley (1992)
    Springer
    Euphytica 62 (1992), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Russian wheat aphid ; Diuraphis noxia ; barley ; resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The inheritance of resistance to Russian wheat aphid Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), in two resistant barleys, Hordeum vulgare L., ASE/2CM//B76BB and ‘Gloria/Come’, was studied in the field and in the greenhouse. The resistant genotypes were crossed with susceptible genotypes ‘Esperanza’ and ‘Shyri’. Resistance reactions of F1, BC1, and F2 plants, and individual F2 plant derived F3 families indicated that resistance in each genotype was controlled by the same single dominant gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041755
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of calcium carbonate on the dissolution of Sechura phosphate rock in soils (1992)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 32 (1992), S. 91-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Different amounts of CaCO3 (5.3 to 20% w/w) (180-75µm) were mixed with Sechura phosphate rock (SPR) (180-75µm) and incubated with Davidstow and Withnell soils. These soils differ in their proton supply and Ca-buffering capacity. The Ca-buffering capacity of Davidstow soil was also changed by adding different amounts of cation-exchange resin (CER). The consumption of protons and the release of Ca during the preferential dissolution of CaCO3 decreased the dissolution of the SPR (measured by P release). However, the negative effect of CaCO3 on SPR dissolution at near equilibrium (60 d) depended on both the proton supply and Ca-sink size of the soil. The Davidstow soil had an adequate proton supply (43.6 mmol H kg−1 pH unit−1) but a small Ca sink (32.0 mmol kg−1), and the dissolution of SPR at 60 d decreased linearly from 27.5 to 19.5% with increasing CaCO3 content. The Withnell soil had an adequate Ca sink (75.5 mmol kg−1) but a small proton supply (21.4 mmol H kg−1 pH unit−1), and the amount of P dissolved at 60 d also decreased (from 49 to 35%) with increasing CaCO3 content. Adding CER to the Davidstow soil increased the Ca-sink size from 32.0 to 39.0 mmol kg−1 and almost prevented the decrease in SPR dissolution with increasing CaCO3 content. This suggests that, in soils with an adequate proton supply and Ca-sink size, CaCO3 present as an accessory mineral in PR materials has a negligible effect on the dissolution of the PR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054398
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA methylation of the fragile X locus in somatic and germ cells during fetal development: Relevance to the fragile X syndrome and X inactivation (1993)
    Springer
    Somatic cell and molecular genetics 19 (1993), S. 393-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9931
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To obtain insights into mechanisms responsible for methylation of CpG islands on the inactive X chromosome of normal females, we examined methylation of the fragile X (FraX) locus in a variety of tissues from normal fetuses and adults, and from males with the FraX syndrome. We identified 20 CCGG sites (MspI-HpaII sites M1–M20) within a 12-kb BglII fragment that includes the CpG island. Sites M3–M18, within the 1.2-kb CpG island are unmethylated on the active X in normal males and females at all ages and in all tissues studied. In contrast, these sites are at least partially methylated on the inactive X chromosome in a variety of tissues from normal females by six weeks from conception. The exceptional tissues are chorionic villi and gonads, which are significantly undermethylated. In addition, fetal germ cells are unmethylated at site M3, which is methylated on the inactive X in other tissues; thus, the methylation imprint of the inactive X has been erased. Methylation of the locus on the fragile X chromosome is similar to that of the normal inactive X but is more extensive and less heterogeneous. This suggests that the expansion of the island and the greater number of CpGs that result from amplification of the CGG repeat enhance the methylatibility of the island. Additional studies show that the chromatin of the CpG island is nuclease hypersensitive on the active X but insensitive on both inactive and FraX.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01232750
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Programmed demethylation in CpG islands during human fetal development (1991)
    Springer
    Somatic cell and molecular genetics 17 (1991), S. 159-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9931
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The mechanism for establishing the DNA methylation patterns observed in adult mammalian tissues is not well understood. To determine when adult patterns are established for housekeeping genes, we examined the clustered CpGs in genes on the human active X chromosome (PGK, G6PD, P3, GdX, HPRT) and the autosomal gene,DHFR. We find unique methylation patterns present at theP3 locus in all tissues analyzed from 6- to 9-week fetal specimens, and at theHPRT locus in adrenal gland DNA at this stage of development. Adult patterns are established subsequently by demethylating specific CpGs. Our results show that demethylating events affecting CpG islands are programmed during mammalian fetal development. They suggest that the process of de novo methylation in the fetus methylates at least some sites in the 3′ region of the CpG islands in active genes and that adult patterns are established at 6–14 weeks developmental age by sequence-specific demethylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01232973
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of emmer wheat and other Triticeae for resistance to Russian wheat aphid (1992)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 39 (1992), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Diuraphis noxia ; evaluation ; host-plant resistance ; triticeae ; Triticum dicoccon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary During the winters of 1990/91 and 1991/92, 181 accessions of Triticum dicoccon Schrank from the CIMMYT gene-bank were screened in the field for resistance to Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov). Accessions were sown in hill plots of 10 seeds and artificially infested with D. noxia at the two-leaf growth stage. Hills were visually assessed for damage at tillering, booting and heading. Entries differed significantly in their reaction to D. noxia, and severity of symptoms increased with time. Twenty four of the entries were highly resistant to the aphid. In winter 1991/92, 807 accessions of wild and cultivated wheats (26 species) and synthetic hexaploids were screened similarly for resistance to D. noxia. A large number of A-genome species were resistant, while few D-genome species were identified as resistant. These newly discovered sources of resistance can be used to expand the genetic base of resistance to D. noxia in both bread (T. aestivum L.) and durum wheats (T. turgidum L. convar. durum (Desf.) Mackey).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051929
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