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  • RFLP  (55)
  • Zea mays  (43)
  • Springer  (97)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1990-1994  (89)
  • 1980-1984  (8)
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  • Springer  (97)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Translocations ; Rye ; RFLP ; Genetic maps ; Comparative mapping ; Co-linearity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An RFLP-based genetic map of Secale Cereale has provided evidence for multiple evolutionary translocations in the rye genome relative to that of hexaploid wheat. DNA clones which have previously been mapped in wheat indicated that chromosome arms 2RS, 3RL, 4RL, 5RL, 6RS, 6RL, 7RS and 7RL have all been involved in at least one translocation. A possible evolutionary pathway, which accounts for the present day R genome relative to the A, B and D genomes of wheat, is presented. The relevance of these results for strategies designed to transfer useful genes from rye, and probably other related species, to wheat is discussed.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 6 (1993), S. 239-243 
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Zea mays ; Sperm cell ; Protein synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Sperm cells are thought to be quiescent in pollen and activated upon pollen germination. To test this hypothesis, protein, RNA and DNA synthesis were assessed in Zea mays sperm cells at different times after isolation from pollen. Protein synthesis changed with time; while some proteins were found to be constitutive in both 0 and 24 h cells, others were synthesized and some disappeared. Overall, the number of proteins detected at 24 h doubled compared with freshly isolated cells. Incorporation of [3H]leucine in 24 h cells was about 50 times that in freshly isolated cells, and that of [5, 6-3H]uridine, about 7 times. Very low incorporation of [6-3H]thymidine into the cells was detected; there was no difference between freshly isolated and 24 h cells. It is possible that the differences in synthetic activity between freshly isolated and 24-h-old cells might correspond to sperm cell activation during pollen tube growth. If so, these metabolic changes may play an important role in fertilization.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 1049-1054 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Rye ; Dwarfism ; Vernalisation ; Genetic mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary RFLP mapping of chromosome 5R in the F3 generation of a rye (Secale cereale L.) cross segregating for gibberellic acid (GA3)-insensitive dwarfness (Ct2/ct2) and spring growth habit (Sp1/sp1) identified RFLP loci close to each of these agronomically important genes. The level of RFLP in the segregating population was high, and thus allowed more than half of the RFLP loci to be mapped, despite partial homozygosity in the parental F2 plant. Eight further loci were mapped in an unrelated F2 rye population, and a further two were placed by inference from equivalent genetic maps of related wheat chromosomes, allowing a consensus map of rye chromosome 5R, consisting of 29 points and spanning 129 cM, to be constructed. The location of the ct2 dwarfing gene was shown to be separated from the segment of the primitive 4RL translocated to 5RL, and thus the gene is probably genetically unrelated to the major GA-insensitive Rht genes of wheat located on chromosome arms 4BS and 4DS. The map position of Sp1 is consistent both with those of wheat Vrn1 and Vrn3, present on chromosome arms 5AL and 5DL, respectively, and with barley Sh2 which is distally located on chromosome arm 7L (= 5HL).
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Mapping ; Barley ; Genome ; Centromeres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A map of the barley genome consisting of 295 loci was constructed. These loci include 152 cDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), 114 genomic DNA RFLP, 14 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), five isozyme, two morphological, one disease resistance and seven specific amplicon polymorphism (SAP) markers. The RFLP-identified loci include 63 that were detected using cloned known function genes as probes. The map covers 1,250 centiMorgans (cM) with a 4.2 cM average distance between markers. The genetic lengths of the chromosomes range from 124 to 223 cM and are in approximate agreement with their physical lengths. The centromeres were localized to within a few markers on all of the barley chromosomes except chromosome 5. Telomeric regions were mapped for the short (plus) arms of chromosomes 1, 2 and 3 and the long (minus) arm of chromosomes 7.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: resistance ; taxonomy ; maize ; maize weevil ; indigenous landraces ; phenolic acids ; life history components ; indirect selection ; Zea mays ; Sitophilus zeamais
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Accessions representing twenty eight landraces of maize were assessed for susceptibility to the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais in standardized resistance tests. Susceptibility parameters such as weight loss of grain, number of insect progeny produced, the Dobie index of susceptibility, and oviposition on grain were found to vary significantly by genotype, with exceptional resistance found in accessions representing the Naltel, Chapalote and Palomero landraces. As in improved genotypes, susceptibility was negatively correlated to phenolic and protein content of the variety tested but positively correlated to moisture content. A detailed analysis of the phenolics revealed the presence of diferulate which may contribute to mechanical resistance of the seed by cross-linking of cell wall hemicelluloses. A canonical discriminant analysis of the resistance data suggests that most of the five landrace groupings are significantly different. The ancient indigenous and prehistoric mestisos groupings are sources of resistant genotypes.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: DNA delivery ; electroporation electrolyte ; heat shock ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Electroporation was used for the delivery and subsequent expression of GUS and anthocyanin reporter genes into intact maize immature embryos. The optimal conditions consisted of culturing immature embryos for 4 days on N6 1-100-25-Ag medium prior to electroporation (375 V/cm; 960 µF capacitance) in EPR buffer containing DNA and 0.07 M sodium glutamate at room temperature (22°C) after a 10 min heat shock at 37°C. Under these conditions, over 40 spots of GUS transient activity were observed per immature embryo. Transient gene expression after electroporation was further demonstrated using an anthocyanin construct, which is specific for expression in plant cells.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: gene-specific probes ; glutamine synthetase ; transcript accumulation ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The maize genome has been shown to contain six glutamine synthetase (GS) genes with at least four different expression patterns. Noncoding 3′ gene-specific probes were constructed from all six GS cDNA clones and used to examine transcript levels in selected organs by RNA gel blot hybridization experiments. The transcript of the single putative chloroplastic GS2 gene was found to accumulate primarily in green tissues, whereas the transcripts of the five putative GS1 genes were shown to accumulate preferentially in roots. The specific patterns of transcript accumulation were quite distinct for the five GS1 genes, with the exception of two closely related genes.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus interspecific hybrid ; RFLP ; Beans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was determined among P. vulgaris genotypes and Phaseolus species using 19 probes. The incidence of polymorphism was high (70–86%) between species, but relatively low (22–26%) between genotypes of P. vulgaris. Suitable probes were identified for the analysis of P. vulgaris and P. coccineus hybrids. The segregation pattern in F2 populations was Mendelian for two probes (LHB and VEE20) and non-Mendelian for GS-g, CHS, and CHI. Statistical analyses indicated gametic selection with preferential transmission of the P. vulgaris alleles, which may account for the selective recovery of P. vulgaris progeny types observed earlier. The available hybrids of P. vulgaris and P. coccineus and the high degree of interspecific RFLP will facilitate the construction of a linkage map for Phaseolus.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Rye ; Genetic mapping ; RFLP ; Storage protein ; Isozyme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A map of chromosome 1R of rye was constructed using 16 molecular and biochemical loci. From long arm to short arm, known-function loci were placed in the order: XAdh — XLee — Glu-R1[Sec-3] — XPpdk-1R — XEm-1R-1 — XEm-1R-2 — Centromere — XNor-R1 —Gpi-R1 — XGli-R1 [Sec-1a] along with six anonymous genomic and cDNA clones from wheat. The map, which spans 106 cM with 12 loci clustered in a 15-cM region around the centromere, shows reasonably good agreement with previously published maps for the centromeric region, whereas the XNor-R1 — Gpi-R1 region gives a much larger distance than previously reported.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP ; Potato ; Tomato ; Genetic maps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An RFLP linkage map of the potato is presented which comprises 304 loci derived from 230 DNA probes and one morphological marker (tuber skin color). The self-incompatibility locus of potato was mapped to chromosome I, which is homoeologous to tomato chromosome I. By mapping chromosome-specific tomato RFLP markers in potato and, vice versa, potato markers in tomato, the different potato and tomato RFLP maps were aligned to each other and the similarity of the potato and tomato genome was confirmed. The numbers given to the 12 potato chromosomes are now in accordance with the established tomato nomenclature. Comparisons between potato RFLP maps derived from different genetic backgrounds revealed conservation of marker order but differences in chromosome and total map length. In particular, significant reduction of map length was observed in interspecific compared to intraspecific crosses. The distribution of regions with distorted segregation ratios in the genome was analyzed for four potato parents. The most prominent distortion of recombination was found to be caused by the self-incompatibility locus.
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