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  • Articles  (22)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (22)
  • 1995-1999  (10)
  • 1985-1989  (12)
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  • Physics  (22)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 385-395 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The static dipole polarizability and second hyperpolarizability tensors are calculated for polyene systems via ab initio coupled-perturbed Hartree–Fock theory. The effect of basis set augmentation on the calculated properties is explored for C4H6 and example basis sets are used to calculate the polarizability and second hyperpolarizability for the longer polyenes: C6H8, C8H10, C10H12, C12H14, C14H16,C16H18, C18H20, C20H22, C22H24. Results for the finite polyenes are extrapolated to predict the unit-cell polarizability and second hyperpolarizability of infinite polyacetylene. The working equations which take advantage of the 2n+1 theorem of perturbation theory for calculating up to the second hyperpolarizability are given, and their implementation is briefly discussed. In particular it is shown that the implementation is readily amenable to parallel processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 4059-4068 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The J and temperature dependence of the self-broadening coefficients for the Raman Q-branch lines of pure CO have been experimentally determined for Q(J) transitions with J=0–38 and for temperatures in the range 400–1500 K. It is shown that a fitting law, based on a modified exponential energy-gap model for the rates of state-to-state rotationally inelastic collisions, can account for the observed J dependence. The two parameters that determine the J dependence are found to be essentially independent of temperature. A temperature scaling function, recently proposed for N2, is added to the basic rate law, and accurate predictions of both the J and the T dependence of these coefficients and those previously reported at 298 K are obtained. This rate law model, used in conjunction with a relaxation matrix description of the Q-branch spectrum, is shown to give good agreement with the observed, partially collapsed spectrum at 2.8 atm and 295 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 2115-2124 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The line broadening and shifting of the vibrational Q branch in pure HD has been measured for transitions J=0 to 3 at room temperature over the density range 0.8 to 10.6 amagat. The shifting and broadening coefficients have been determined with an uncertainty of ±0.2×10−3 cm−1 /amagat, which now provides a discriminating test for various semiclassical and quantal theoretical calculations. The line broadening coefficients are compared with linewidth data from other spectroscopic branches and with measurements of the rates of state-to-state rotational energy transfer. Use of an exponential gap law for the rates of rotational energy transfer allows estimates to be made of the contributions to the linewidths from rotationally inelastic, elastic vibrational dephasing, and elastic reorientation processes. This analysis suggests that rotational energy transfer occurs approximately 30% faster in v=1 than in v=0.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 29 (1988), S. 155-168 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: An algebraic formulation of the problem of three particles in one dimension is given, where the particles interact with delta function potentials of arbitrary strength and have almost arbitrary mass. An algebraic formulation is taken to mean that the steps implied from formulation to solution involve finite algebra. The canonical example is equal mass particles interacting with equal strength delta function potentials, where the Bethe ansatz holds and the solution involves only sums of products of matrices with elements that are rational functions of a complex variable. When the Bethe ansatz fails the Sommerfeld diffraction ansatz is satisfied if a condition of internal consistency is met. This condition of internal consistency requires the solution to a Riemann–Hilbert functional equation with an algebraic coefficient. The solution to this functional equation is an analytic, but not generally a meromorphic function. It is demonstrated that an asymptotic solution may be constructed within the domain of algebraic functions.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 28 (1987), S. 559-572 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: It is shown that the indefinite metric structures of degenerate systems as given by Strocchi and Wightman [F. Strocchi and A. S. Wightman, J. Math. Phys. 15, 2198 (1974); 17, 1930 (1976)] arise in a natural fashion from the algebraic structure of such systems, where the latter has been developed in a C*-context by Grundling and Hurst [H. B. G. S Grundling and C. A. Hurst, Commun. Math. Phys. 98, 369 (1985)]. Auxiliary concepts like gauge equivalence are examined, and the preceding general theory is specialized to the situation of linear boson fields with linear Hermitian constraints. Two examples of this situation are given—a one-dimensional scalar boson in a periodic universe and Landau gauge electromagnetism.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the concept of the dynamic hohlraum an imploding Z pinch is optically thick to its own radiation. Radiation may be trapped inside the pinch to give a radiation temperature inside the pinch greater than that outside the pinch. The radiation is typically produced by colliding an outer Z-pinch liner onto an inner liner. The collision generates a strongly radiating shock, and the radiation is trapped by the outer liner. As the implosion continues after the collision, the radiation temperature may continue to increase due to ongoing PdV (pressure times change in volume) work done by the implosion. In principal, the radiation temperature may increase to the point at which the outer liner burns through, becomes optically thin, and no longer traps the radiation. One application of the dynamic hohlraum is to drive an ICF (inertial confinement fusion) pellet with the trapped radiation field. Members of the dynamic hohlraum team at Sandia National Labs have used the pulsed power driver Z (20 MA, 100 ns) to create a dynamic hohlraum with temperature linearly ramping from 100 to 180 eV over 5 ns. On this shot zp214 a nested tungsten wire array of 4 and 2 cm diam with masses of 2 and 1 mg imploded onto a 2.5 mg plastic annulus at 5 mm diam. The current return can on this shot was slotted. It is likely the radiation temperature may be increased to over 200 eV by stabilizing the pinch with a solid current return can. A current return can with nine slots imprints nine filaments onto the imploding pinch. This degrades the optical trapping and the quality of the liner collision. A 1.6 mm diam capsule situated inside this dynamic hohlraum of zp214 would see 15 kJ of radiation impinging on its surface before the pinch itself collapses to a 1.6 mm diam. Dynamic hohlraum shots including pellets were scheduled to take place on Z in September of 1998. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 468-470 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have developed a comprehensive diagnostic package for observing z-pinch radiation along the pinch axis on the Z accelerator. The instrumentation, fielded on the axial package, are x-ray diagnostics requiring direct lines of sight to the target. The diagnostics require vacuum access to the center of the accelerator. The environment is a hostile one, where we must deal with an intense, energetic photon flux (〉100 keV) debris (e.g., bullets or shrapnel), and mechanical shock in order for the diagnostics to survive. In addition, practical constraints require the package be refurbished and utilized on a once a day shot schedule. In spite of this harsh environment, we have successfully fielded the diagnostic package with a high survivability of the data and the instruments. In this article, we describe the environment and issues related to the reentrant diagnostic package's implementation and maintenance. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Low density agar and aerogel foams were tested as z-pinch loads on the Saturn accelerator to study current flow initiation. In these first experiments, we studied the initial plasma conditions by measuring the visible emission at early times with a framing camera and a streaked one-dimensional imaging system. Later, near the stagnation when the plasma is hotter, x-ray imaging and spectral diagnostics were used to characterize the plasma. Filamentation and arcing at the current contacts were observed. Bright implosion features were also observed. Increasing the early time conductivity, by coating the target with a high-z layer and by providing a low-current prepulse, is the most important factor in obtaining good coupling to the machine. None of the pinches were uniform along the z axis. The prime causes of these problems are believed to be the electrode contacts and the current return configuration. Solutions are discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We assembled and tested a visible framing camera system to take 5 ns FWHM images of the early time emission from a z-pinch plasma. This diagnostic was used in conjunction with a visible streak camera allowing early time emissions measurements to diagnose current initiation. Individual frames from gated image intensifiers were proximity coupled to charge injection device cameras and read out at video rate and 8-bit resolution. A mirror was used to view the pinch from a 90° angle. We observed the destruction of the mirror surface, due to the high surface heating, and the subsequent reduction in signal reflected from the mirror. Images were obtained that showed early time ejecta and a non-uniform emission from the target. This initial test of the equipment highlighted problems with this measurement. We observed nonuniformities in early time emission. This is believed to be due to either spatially varying current density or heating of the foam. Images were obtained that showed early time ejecta from the target. The results and suggestions for improvement are discussed in the text. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1128-1130 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A flow cell to contain aqueous solutions at pressures up to 40 MPa and temperatures up to 600 °C that is equipped with sapphire windows for the transmission of visible light is described. There are four windows, two for the entrance and exit of a laser beam, and two located at 90° that feature f/1 (53° included angle) collection apertures with a 9 mm diameter unobstructed view for Raman spectroscopy, absorption measurements, or studies using full-field back illumination. The window-to-metal seals are gold o-rings; the metal-to-metal seals are gaskets prepared by pressing a gold o-ring onto a gold foil washer. This cell has been used for two years for Raman studies of aqueous solutions at high pressures and temperatures both below and above the supercritical point of water. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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