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  • Triticum aestivum  (97)
  • Glycine max  (58)
  • Springer  (153)
  • 1995-1999  (52)
  • 1990-1994  (68)
  • 1980-1984  (33)
  • 1960-1964
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  • Springer  (153)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship of Heliothis zea predators, parasitoids and entomopathogens to canopy development in soybean as affected by Heterodera glycines and weeds (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 58 (1991), S. 279-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Biocontrol ; natural enemies ; Glycine max ; Heliothis zea, corn earworm ; Heterodera glycines ; soybean cyst nematode ; pest complex ; weeds ; soybean ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of canopy development in soybean on the survival of corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), egg and larval stages and population dynamics of arthropod fauna were evaluated in field trials during 1986–88 in eastern North Carolina. Soybean canopy size decreased as soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe (Nematoda: Heteroderidae), initial population densities increased. Plant species composition of the soybean canopy was affected by weed population densities. Mortality of H. zea larvae due to parasitism and infection with entomopathogens was greater in closed canopy and (or) weedy soybeans than in very open and (or) weed free soybeans. Predation and parasitism of corn earworm eggs were similar across nematode and weed density treatments. Natural enemy populations increased to highest levels during July in closed canopy and (or) weedy soybeans, coinciding with availability of largest prey population reservoirs. A delay in colonization of very open and (or) weed free soybeans by beneficial arthropods until mid to late August allowed greater H. zea larval survival than in closed canopy and (or) weedy soybeans. Arthropod species richness was generally greatest in closed canopy and (or) weedy soybeans during mid to late July, with differences becoming nonsignificant in August and early September. Mean and maximum ambient temperatures were higher and relative humidities lower in open canopy than in closed canopy plots. These conditions were less favorable for development of pathogens and natural enemies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366142
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelopathic activity in wheat-conventional and wheat-no-till soils: Development of soil extract bioassays (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 2191-2221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Cover crops ; wheat ; Triticum aestivum ; soybean ; Glycine max ; soil extracts ; germination bioassays ; phenolic acids ; hydroxamic acids ; allelopathy ; slope analysis ; ivy-leaved morning glory ; Ipomoea hederacea ; crimson clover ; Trifolium incarnalum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The primary objective of this research was to determine if soil extracts could be used directly in bioassays for the detection of allelopathic activity. Here we describe: (1) a way to estimate levels of allelopathic compounds in soil; (2) how pH, solute potential, and/or ion content of extracts may modify the action of allelopathic compounds on germination and radicle and hypocotyl length of crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and ivyleaved morning glory (Ipomoea hederacea L. Jacquin.); and (3) how biological activity of soil extracts may be determined. A water-autoclave extraction procedure was chosen over the immediate-water and 5-hr EDTA extraction procedures, because the autoclave procedure was effective in extracting solution and reversibly bound ferulic acid as well as phenolic acids from wheat debris. The resulting soil extracts were used directly in germination bioassays. A mixture of phenolic acids similar to that obtained from wheat-no-till soils did not affect germination of clover or morning glory and radicle and hypocotyl length of morning glory. The mixture did, however, reduce radicle and hypocotyl length of clover. Individual phenolic acids also did not inhibit germination, but did reduce radicle and hypocotyl length of both species. 6-MBOA (6-methoxy-2,3-benzoxazolinone), a conversion product of 2-o-glucosyl-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, a hydroxamic acid in living wheat plants, inhibited germination and radicle and hypocotyl length of clover and morning glory. 6-MBOA, however, was not detected in wheat debris, stubble, or soil extracts. Total phenolic acids (FC) in extracts were determined with Folin and Ciocalteu's phenol reagent. Levels of FC in wheat-conventionaltill soil extracts were not related to germination or radicle and hypocotyl length of either species. Levels of FC in wheat-no-till soil extracts were also not related to germination of clover or morning glory, but were inversely related to radicle and hypocotyl length of clover and morning glory. FC values, solute potential, and acidity of wheat-no-till soil extracts appeared to be independent (additive) in action on clover radicle and hypocotyl length. Radicle and hypocotyl length of clover was inversely related to increasing FC and solute potential and directly related to decreasing acidity. Biological activity of extracts was determined best from slopes of radicle and hypocotyl length obtained from bioassays of extract dilutions. Thus, data derived from the water-autoclave extraction procedure, FC analysis, and slope analysis for extract activity in conjunction with data on extract pH and solute potential can be used to estimate allelopathic activity of wheat-no-till soils
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984946
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preliminary results from a microscopic examination on the effects of aluminium on the root tips of wheat (1992)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 146 (1992), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aluminium ; electron microscope ; light microscope ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Root tips from aluminium (Al) tolerant (Waalt) and Al sensitive (Warigal) wheat (Triticum aestivum (L). Thell.) cultivars exposed to low concentrations of Al (10 μM) for 10, 24 and 72 hours were examined under the light and electron microscope. After fixing and embedding, longitudinal and transverse thin and ultrathin sections were cut. There was no evidence of Al damage to the root tips of the Al tolerant cultivar under both the light and electron microscope. For the Al sensitive cultivar, Al had no observable effect on the root tips 10 hours after Al addition when examined under the light microscope. When examined under an electron microscope, electron dense globular deposits were observed between the cell wall and cell membrane of the epidermal cells. There was not obvious damage to the cell cytoplasm. Two or 3 days after Al addition, light microscopy showed that the cells in the root tips had become swollen and extensively vacuolated. The tissues appeared disorganised and degenerate, particularly in the epidermis and outer cortical cells. The electron microscope also revealed a thickening of the cell wall. The cell wall was broken down, particularly in the epidermis in the region 4–6 mm from the root tip. The tissue in the meristematic area was largely intact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011999
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of managanese and nitrate supply on the levels of phenolics and lignin in young wheat plants (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 81 (1984), S. 437-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Lignin ; Manganese ; NO 3 − Phenols ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Managanese deficiency (〈 18 μg g−1 Mn) resulted in decreased levels of phenols in wheat shoots and decreased levels of lignins in both roots and shoots. These observed reductions in phenol contents was due largely to a decrease in the alkaline labile phenol component. Levels of nitrate supplied in solution influenced both phenol and lignin production; high nitrate levels (15 mM) resulted in a reduction in phenol and lignin in the shoot but stimulated lignin production in root tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02323058
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic mapping of soybean cyst nematode race-3 resistance loci in the soybean PI 437.654 (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 574-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Glycine max ; Heterodera glycines ; RFLP ; Genetic mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Resistance to the soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is difficult to evaluate in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding. PI 437.654 has resistance to more SCN race isolates than any other known soybean. We screened 298 F6∶7 recombinant-inbred lines from a cross between PI 437.654 and ‘BSR101’ for SCN race-3 resistance, genetically mapped 355 RFLP markers and the I locus, and tested these markers for association with resistance loci. The Rhg 4 resistance locus was within 1 cM of the I locus on linkage group A. Two additional QTLs associated with SCN resistance were located within 3cM of markers on groups G and M. These two loci were not independent because 91 of 96 lines that had a resistant-parent marker type on group G also had a resistant-parent marker type on group M. Rhg 4 and the QTL on G showed a significant interaction by together providing complete resistance to SCN race-3. Individually, the QTL on G had greater effect on resistance than did Rhg 4, but neither locus alone provided a degree of resistance much different from the susceptible parent. The nearest markers to the mapped QTLs on groups A and G had allele frequencies from the resistant parent indicating 52 resistant lines in this population, a number not significantly different from the 55 resistant lines found. Therefore, no QTLs from PI 437.654 other than those mapped here are expected to be required for resistance to SCN race-3. All 50 lines that had the PI 437.654 marker type at the nearest marker to each of the QTLs on groups A and G were resistant to SCN race-3. We believe markers near to these QTLs can be used effectively to select for SCN race-3 resistance, thereby improving the ability to breed SCN-resistant soybean varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223282
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A bacterial artificial chromosome library for soybean and identification of clones near a major cyst nematode resistance gene (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 196-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Chromosome walking ; Gene mapping ; Glycine max ; Heterodera glycines ; High-molecular-weight DNA ; Positional cloning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library for soybean (Glycine max) consisting of approximately 30 000 clones with an average insert size of 120 kilobase pairs. The library was successfully screened with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and microsatellite markers tightly linked to a major resistance gene for the cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. Since many soybean RFLPs hybridize to duplicate loci, BACs homologous to duplicate RFLP loci were distinguished by digestion with the restriction enzyme originally used to map the RFLP, followed by a comparison of the hybridizing fragments. Linkage mapping of BAC clones identified with markers linked to the cyst nematode resistance gene demonstrated that these clones were located at the expected chromosomal positions and that there were no indications of chimeras within the genomic inserts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050727
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal location of genes for stem rust resistance derived from ‘Waldron’ wheat (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 1158-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Puccinia graminis ; Aneuploid ; Cytogenetics ; Monosomics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The chromosomal locations of genes for resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers.: Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘Waldron’ (WDR) were determined by monosomic analyses. Wheat lines WDR-B1, -C2, -E4, and -F1,which have single genes for resistance to stem rust derived previously from WDR sel. ‘Little Club’, were crossed onto a complete set of 21 ‘Chinese Spring’ monosomics. The F2 and backcross-F1 (BC1F1) seedlings from each of the 84 crosses were tested for reaction to culture 111-SS2 (CRL-LCBB) of stem rust, and a few selected segregants were analyzed cytologically for chromosome number. The F2 from 2 crosses of WDR-C2, -E4 and -F1 and the BC1F1 from 2 crosses of WDR-F1 were tested also with culture Or11c (CRL-QBCN). Significant deviations from disomic ratios towards monosomic ratios in the F2 and BC1F1 were used to determine which chromosomes carried the genes for resistance. Cytological analyses of certain BC1F1 and susceptible F2 plants were used to help identify the location of the genes for rust resistance. WDR-B1 has a gene, herein designated Sr41, for resistance on chromosome 4D. WDR-C2 has a gene on chromosome 7 A that may be the same as one previously designated SrWld2. WDR-E4 has a gene on chromosome 2A, possibly SrWld1, which is effective against most or all North American stem rust cultures. WDR-F1 has a gene on chromosome 6B that is the same as or similar to Sr11.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222937
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A high-density genetic linkage map of Aegilops tauschii, the D-genome progenitor of bread wheat (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 16-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Aegilops tauschii ; Triticum aestivum ; Genetic mapping ; Molecular markers ; Agronomically important genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Aegilops tauschii is the diploid D-genome progenitor of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell, 2n=6x=42, AABBDD). A genetic linkage map of the Ae. tauschii genome was constructed, composed of 546 loci. One hundred and thirty two loci (24%) gave distorted segregation ratios. Sixty nine probes (13%) detected multiple copies in the genome. One hundred and twenty three of the 157 markers shared between the Ae. tauschii genetic and T. aestivum physical maps were colinear. The discrepancy in the order of five markers on the Ae. tauschii 3DS genetic map versus the T. aestivum 3D physical map indicated a possible inversion. Further work is needed to verify the discrepancies in the order of markers on the 4D, 5D and 7D Ae. tauschii genetic maps versus the physical and genetic maps of T. aestivum. Using common markers, 164 agronomically important genes were assigned to specific regions on Ae. tauschii linkage, and T. aestivum physical, maps. This information may be useful for map-based cloning and marker-assisted plant breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    QTLs associated with chlorimuron ethyl sensitivity in soybean: Effects on seed yield and related traits (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 971-974 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Soybean ; Glycine max ; QTLs ; RFLP ; Chlorimuron ethyl ; Seed yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., genotypes are known to differ in chlorimuron ethyl sensitivity (CS). Earlier we have reported two putatively independent marker loci linked to two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling CS in a soybean population derived from a cross of PI97100 (sensitive to chlorimuron ethyl) and ‘Coker 237’ (tolerant to chlorimuron ethyl). The objective of the present study was to quantify the association of the two marker loci with seed yield and related traits in this soybean population following application of chlorimuron ethyl. Phenotypic data were collected for 111 F2-derived lines of the cross grown in replicated plots at Athens, G.A., in 1994 and 1995, and at Blackville, S.C., in 1995. The two CS marker loci explained as much as 50% of the genetic variation in seed yield and seed number m-2, but had no association with seed weight, plant height, lodging, seed protein, and seed oil. There were no epistatic interactions between the two marker loci for any of the traits. The marker locus (cr168-1 on USDA linkage group E) linked to the major CS QTL explained between 13 and 23% of the variation in seed yield. The Coker 237 allele at this locus was associated with decreased CS and increased seed yield. The marker locus (Blt015-2 on an unknown linkage group) linked to the minor CS QTL accounted for a maximum of 11% of the variation in seed yield. The Coker 237 allele at this locus was associated with an increase in CS and a decrease in seed yield. The association of the two marker loci with seed number m-2 strongly resembled their association with seed yield. Seed yield had a strong positive correlation (r=0.74 – 0.94) with seed number m-2, and the effect of chlorimuron ethyl on seed yield was due mainly to its effect on seed number m-2 rather than seed weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050503
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the multigene family coding for HMW glutenin subunits in wheat using cDNA clones (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1983), S. 87-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: HMW glutenin subunit genes ; cDNA clones ; Tandem DNA repeats ; Chromosomal location ; Gene copy number ; Wheat ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary cDNA clones encoding wheat HMW glutenin subunits have been isolated from a cDNA bank made to poly A+ RNA from developing wheat endosperm var. Chinese Spring. One such clone, pTag 1290, has enabled us to identify the HMW glutenin mRNA species. The DNA sequence of this clone has been partially determined and it contains several tandem DNA repeats. The sequence is discussed in relation to the generation of the HMW glutenin subunit gene family. Analysis of the organization of the HMW glutenin sequences in the wheat genome revealed that the genes encoding HMW glutenin subunits exist in low copy number and are located on the long arm of each of the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303930
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