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1

Digitale Medien

Ecdysteroids during pupal development of female Xyleborus ferrugineus (1981)

Rao, K. D. P. ; Norris, D. M. ; Chu, H. M.

Springer

Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 151-156

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ISSN: 1570-7458

Schlagwort(e): Xyleborus ferrugineus ; pupae ; ecdysteroids ; pharate adult ; radioimmunoassay ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Der Ecdysteroidtiter weiblicher Puppen von Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) wurde geschätzt, indem ganze Tiere homogenisiert und radioimmunologisch untersucht wurden. Ein ausgeprägtes Maximum an Ecdysteroiden wurde bei 36 Stunden Puppenent-wicklung beobachtet (743 pg/mg Körpergewicht). Der Titer nahm ab auf 299 pg/mg im Pharatstadium und auf 193 pg/mg unmittelbar vor Schlüpfen der Adulten. Qualitative Studien mit HPLC ergaben in frischen Puppen ein Verhältnis von 3:1 Ecdyson zu 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Pharatstadien enthielten vor allem 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Das beobachtete einzige Maximum im Titer stimmt überein mit den Resultaten bei andern untersuchten Coleopteren.

Notizen: Abstract Ecdysteroid titers were estimated on the whole body homogenates of Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) female pupae during development by radioimmunoassay. A distinct peak of ecdysteroids was observed at 36-hr pupal development (743 pg/mg body wt). Titer declined to 299 pg/mg by the pharate adult stage and to 193 pg/mg body wt just before adult emergence. Qualitative studies by HPLC revealed a ratio of 3:1 ecdysone to 20-hydroxyecdysone in the initial pupal stage. Pharate adults had mainly 20-hydroxyecdysone. The observed single peak in ecdysteroid titer agrees with findings in other studied coleopteran species.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300880

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2

Digitale Medien

Analysis, synthesis, formulation, and field testing of three major components of male mediterranean fruit fly pheromone (1991)

Heath, R. R. ; Landolt, P. J. ; Tumlinson, J. H. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 1925-1940

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Insecta ; Diptera ; Tephritidae ; Mediterranean fruit fly ; pheromone ; attractant ; Ceratitis capitata ; ethyl-(E)-3-octenoate ; geranyl acetate ; (E,E)-α-farnesene

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Three major components, ethyi-(E)-3-octenoate, geranyl acetate, and (E,E)-α-farnesene, emitted as volatiles by laboratory-reared and wild male medflies were collected and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Peak emission of these compounds occurred during the third to fifth hours of the photophase and differences were observed in the ratios of the three components emitted by male laboratory-reared and wild flies. These three compounds were synthesized, and a method was developed to formulate a synthetic blend that released the compounds in a ratio similar to that emitted by wild male medflies. Attractiveness of the blend to female medflies was demonstrated under field conditions by comparing trap catches. Black spherical traps, baited with the synthetic blend to release 1.6 male equivalents, caught significantly more females than blank traps and traps from which the blend released was 0.3, 3.2 or 6.4 male equivalents.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993739

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3

Digitale Medien

Female pheromone in the black molly fish (Mollinenesia latipinna): A possible metabolic correlate (1977)

Thiessen, D. D. ; Sturdivant, S. K.

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 207-217

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Black molly fish ; Mollinenesia latipinna ; pheromone ; thyroxine ; thiouracil ; general activity stimulus ; social contact

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract The female black mollyMollinenesia latipinna emits a water-borne pheromone which increases general activity and social contacts among males. Two hormones, thyroxine and thiouracil, administered to the females increase these behaviors in males. Apparently the hormones do not functionally compete in this species, and both seem to elevate the emission of the male stimulant.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994147

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4

Digitale Medien

Aggregation pheromones inDryocoetes affaber (Mann.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae): stereoisomerism and species specificity (1994)

Camacho, Alejandro D. ; Pierce, Harold D. ; Borden, John H.

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 111-124

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Semiochemicals pheromones ; Dryocoetes affaber ; Dryocoetes confusus ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; enantiomers ; diastereoisomers ; exo-brevicomin ; endo-brevicomin

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Chemical analysis of whole body extracts and volatiles produced by feeding malesDryocoetes affaber (Mann.) disclosed (+)-exo-brevicomin and (+)-endo-brevicomin [(+)EXOB and (+)ENDOB], as the major insect-produced potential pheromones. Laboratory bioassays and field-trapping experiments demonstrated that (+)ENDOB is the main pheromone component, and (-)ENDOB has an inhibiting effect. EXOB either as (+) or (±) appears to be a multifunctional pheromone. It has a synergistic effect in blends of EXOB and ENDOB in ratios up to 1:1, and it is inhibitory at higher ratios. (-)EXOB was inactive. The most attractive blend forD. affaber was a 1:2 blend of (+)EXOB and (+)ENDOB. When this blend was compared with a 9:1 blend, the best known blend forDryocoetes confusus Swaine, the responses by beetles of each of the two species were highly specific, providing evidence for pheromonal exclusion between the two congenerics. We conclude that the combined effect of chirality and the ratio of geometrical isomers of brevicomin determines both the level of response and the species-specificity of the chemical signal inD. affaber.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02065994

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5

Digitale Medien

Geometrical and optical isomerism of pheromones in two sympatricDryocoetes species (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), mediates species specificity and response level (1993)

Camacho, Alejandro D. ; Pierce, Harold D. ; Borden, John H.

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 2169-2182

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Semiochemicals ; pheromones ; Dryocoetes confusus ; Dryocoetes affaber ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; enantiomers ; diastereoisomers ; exo-brevicomin ; endo-brevicomin

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract In a field-trapping experiment, western balsam bark beetles,Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, were highly attracted to a 5∶1 mixture of (±)-exo-and (±)-endo-brevicomin. Beetles in the sympatric speciesD. affaber (Mann.), were best attracted to a 1∶1 blend of these semiochemicals [either (±)∶(±) or (±)∶(±)], suggesting that both geometrical isomers are pheromone components in these species. In laboratory bioassays and further field experiments, attraction ofD. confusus was greatest when the (+) enantiomers of both geometrical isomers of brevicomin were presented in a 9∶1 ratio. Responses by maleD. confusus to attractive mixtures were reduced in the presence of (−)-exo-brevicomin. Exploitation of the complete range of variability in pheromone structure (both geometrical and optical isomerism) would allow for optimization and regulation of response levels within a species and also could maintain reproductive isolation among sympatric congeneric species primarily through production and response to species-specific blends.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00979655

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6

Digitale Medien

Quantitative estimates of the western pine beetle attractive pheromone components,exo-brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene in nature (1979)

Browne, L. E. ; Wood, D. L. ; Bedard, W. D. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 397-414

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Dendroctonus brevicomis ; exo-brevicomin ; frontalin ; myrcene ; attractant ; pheromone ; pheromone production ; pest management ; bark beetle

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Three parameters are described for estimating the natural occurrence of chemically defined insect pheromones: (1) the rate and duration of release by the insect, (2) the density of the pheromone-emitting insect population in both time and space, and (3) dispersal and degradation rates of the chemicals. Each of these parameters, except dispersal, was estimated for a population ofDendroctonus brevicomis LeC, and its three component attractive pheromones. A single generation of 610,000 beetles, believed to comprise the entire population in a 65-km2 forest, was estimated to have released 0.78, 3.7, and 370.5 g of frontalin,exo-brevicomin, and myrcene, respectively, within a 30-day period.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987925

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7

Digitale Medien

Trapping the western pine beetle at and near a source of synthetic attractive pheromone Effects of trap size and position (1979)

Tilden, P. E. ; Bedard, W. D. ; Wood, D. L. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 519-531

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Pinus ponderosa ; Dendroctonus brevicomis ; western pine beetle ; attractant ; pheromone ; behavior ; traps ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Western pine beetles were caught on unbaited sticky traps placed near a source ofexo-brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene. Size of trap, distance and direction from the source of attractant, and height from the ground were varied. Significant differences in trap catch were observed in relation to each of the variables. Traps close to the source of attractant caught more beetles than traps farther from the source. Traps downwind of the source of attractant caught more beetles than did upwind traps. More males than females were trapped close to the source of attractant.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987837

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8

Digitale Medien

Pheromonal attraction and allomonal interruption ofIps pini in California by the two enantiomers of ipsdienol (1980)

Birch, M. C. ; Light, D. M. ; Wood, D. L. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 703-717

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Scolytidae ; bark beetle ; Ips pini ; pheromone ; ipsdienol ; enantiomer ; interruption ; allomone

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Air containing volatile compounds from around maleIps pini boring in ponderosa pine logs from California was condensed, fractionated by GC, and assayed in the laboratory and field. The only fraction that showed consistent activity in laboratory assays contained a single compound identified as ipsdienol (2-methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadien-4-ol). Synthetic racemic ipsdienol showed no activity in either the laboratory or field. However, (−)-ipsdienol, the naturally occurring enantiomer, was attractive toI. pini in the laboratory and field, whereas (+)-ipsdienol interrupted the response ofI. pini to a natural source of attraction in field tests. (−)-Ipsdienol is a major component of the attractant pheromone of this species, since its level of activity in laboratory assays was quantitatively comparable to that of the condensed volatiles, and it was as attractive as maleI. pini boring in ponderosa pine in the field. (+)-Ipsdienol is a component of the pheromone of the competing species,I. paraconfusus.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987680

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9

Digitale Medien

Sex-specific production of ipsdienol and myrcenol byDendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) exposed to myrcene vapors (1986)

Hunt, D. W. A. ; Borden, J. H. ; Pierce, H. D. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1579-1586

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Dendroctonus ponderosae ; bark beetle ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; myrcene ; aggregation pheromones ; ipsdienol ; myrcenol

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Male mountain pine beetles,Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, produced ipsdienol [97.0% ± 0.3S-(+)] and myrcenol (90.3% ± 4.0E) when exposed to myrcene vapors. Females which were exposed to myrcene vapors did not produce any ipsdienol, but did produce low levels of myrcenol (98.0% ± 0.7E). Neither sex produced detectable levels of ipsdienol or myrcenol when fed for 24 hr on lodgepole pine,Pinus contorta var.latifolia Engelmann. The sex-specific conversion of myrcene to ipsdienol and myrcenol suggests that these compounds may have behavioral significance within the species. In addition, the S-(+)-ipsdienol produced by maleD. ponderosae probably functions as a repellent allomone againstIps pini (Say).

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01020265

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10

Digitale Medien

Identification of sex pheromone of browntail moth,Euproctis chrysorrhoea (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) (1991)

Leonhardt, B. A. ; Mastro, V. C. ; Schwarz, M. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 897-910

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Browntail moth ; Euproctis chrysorrhoea (L.) ; Lepidoptera ; Lymantriidae ; pheromone ; (Z,Z,Z,Z)-7,13,16,19-docosatetraen-1-ol isobutyrate ; sex attractant ; dose dependence

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract A unique sex attractant pheromone was isolated and identified from extracts of ovipositor tips from the female browntail moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). The pheromone compound, (Z,Z,Z,Z)-7,13,16,19-docosatetraen-1-ol isobutyrate, CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH= CH(CH2)4CH=CH(CH2)6O2CCH(CH3)2, was identified by a combination of gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and microreactions and was confirmed by synthesis. Traps baited with 5–50 μg of the synthetic pheromone, dispensed from rubber septa treated with an antioxidant and a UV stabilizer, gave male moth captures that were comparable to traps baited with three virgin females. Higher (250 μg) and lower (0.04–2.5 μg quantities of the synthetic pheromone on septa captured somewhat fewer males. Captures were the same for similar quantities of the natural and synthetic pheromone. Minor, inactive components in the tip extract were identified as a mixture of 7- and 8-pentacosanone.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01395598

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