Publication Date:
2014-01-07
Description:
Although a few cancer genes are mutated in a high proportion of tumours of a given type (〉20%), most are mutated at intermediate frequencies (2-20%). To explore the feasibility of creating a comprehensive catalogue of cancer genes, we analysed somatic point mutations in exome sequences from 4,742 human cancers and their matched normal-tissue samples across 21 cancer types. We found that large-scale genomic analysis can identify nearly all known cancer genes in these tumour types. Our analysis also identified 33 genes that were not previously known to be significantly mutated in cancer, including genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, genome stability, chromatin regulation, immune evasion, RNA processing and protein homeostasis. Down-sampling analysis indicates that larger sample sizes will reveal many more genes mutated at clinically important frequencies. We estimate that near-saturation may be achieved with 600-5,000 samples per tumour type, depending on background mutation frequency. The results may help to guide the next stage of cancer genomics.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048962/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048962/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawrence, Michael S -- Stojanov, Petar -- Mermel, Craig H -- Robinson, James T -- Garraway, Levi A -- Golub, Todd R -- Meyerson, Matthew -- Gabriel, Stacey B -- Lander, Eric S -- Getz, Gad -- R01 CA157304/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jan 23;505(7484):495-501. doi: 10.1038/nature12912. Epub 2014 Jan 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [3] Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [3] Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [4] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [3] Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [4]. ; 1] Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA [3] Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [4].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24390350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Apoptosis/genetics
;
Case-Control Studies
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Chromatin/genetics
;
DNA Mutational Analysis
;
Exome/genetics
;
Genes, Neoplasm/*genetics
;
Genome, Human/genetics
;
Genomic Instability/genetics
;
Genomics
;
Humans
;
Immune Evasion/genetics
;
Mutation Rate
;
Neoplasms/*classification/*genetics/pathology
;
Point Mutation/genetics
;
RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional/genetics
;
Sample Size
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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