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  • 1
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    Monoclonal anitbodies in the lymphatics: toward the diagnosis and therapy of tumor metastases (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies subcutaneously injected into mice track to regional lymph nodes and specifically label target cells there. The lymphatic route of administration can be expected to provide much higher sensitivity, higher target-to-background ratio, faster localization, and lower toxicity than the intravenous route when the aim is to diagnose or treat tumor metastases or lymphoma in the lymph nodes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weinstein, J N -- Parker, R J -- Keenan, A M -- Dower, S K -- Morse, H C 3rd -- Sieber, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1334-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Lymph Nodes/*cytology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*diagnosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Interaction between purine and benzodiazepine: Inosine reverses diazepam-induced stimulation of mouse exploratory behavior (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-13
    Description: Inosine, 2-deoxyinosine, and 2-deoxyguanosine completely reversed the increase in exploratory activity elicited in mice by diazepam. The inhibition of exploratory behavior by purines occurred at doses that when given alone have no effect on exploratory behavior. 7-Methylinosine, which does not bind to the brain benzodiazepine binding site in vitro, had no effect on the diazepam-induced increase in exploratory behavior. Behavioral effects produced by various combinations of inosine and diazepam indicate that the interaction between purine and benzodiazepine is antagonistic and support the hypothesis that the naturally occurring purines function in anxiety-related behaviors that respond to benzodiazepine treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crawley, J N -- Marangos, P J -- Paul, S M -- Skolnick, P -- Goodwin, F K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 13;211(4483):725-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6256859" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anxiety/*drug effects ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Diazepam/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Inosine/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Receptors, Drug/*drug effects ; Receptors, GABA-A
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Mouse globin system: a functional and evolutionary analysis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Structural and functional analysis of the mouse alpha-globin and beta-globin genes reveals that the globin genes are encoded in discontinous bits of coding information and that each gene locus is much more complex than was originally supposed. Each seems to consist of an array of several authentic genes as well as several apparently inactive pseudogenes. Comparison of the sequences of some of these genes to one another indicates that chromosomal DNA is a dynamic structure. Flanking and intervening sequences change in two ways: quickly, by duplication and extensive insertions and deletions, and slowly, by point mutation. Active coding sequences are usually limited to the slower mode of evolution. In addition to identifying fast and slow modes of evolution, it has also been possible to test the function of several signals that surround these genes and to identify those that appear to play a role in gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leder, P -- Hansen, J N -- Konkel, D -- Leder, A -- Nishioka, Y -- Talkington, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1336-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Genes ; Globins/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    L-Ornithine decarboxylase:an essential role in early mammalian embryogenesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: The highly selective, enzyme-activated, irreversible inhibitor of L-ornithine decarboxylase, DL-alpha-difluoromethylornithine, suppresses the increase in uterine L-ornithine decarboxylase activity associated with early embryogenesis in the mouse and arrests embryonic development at that stage. Contragestational effects were confirmed in the rat and rabbit. An increase in L-ornithine decarboxylase activity that leads to a rapid increase in putrescine concentration appears to be essential during a critical period after implantation for continued mammalian embryonal growth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fozard, J R -- Part, M L -- Prakash, N J -- Grove, J -- Schechter, P J -- Sjoerdsma, A -- Koch-Weser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):505-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6768132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Animals ; Carboxy-Lyases/*physiology ; Eflornithine ; Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Mice ; Ornithine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/*physiology ; Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Uterus/drug effects/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Activation of dormant genes in specialized cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Description: In several experimental systems the genomic capacity in specialized cells can be assessed by examining the activation of dormant genes. Since some of these specialized cells can be induced to change cell phenotype, all cell specializations do not necessarily involve irreversible genetic changes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiBerardino, M A -- Hoffner, N J -- Etkin, L D -- GM 23635/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 31479/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 1;224(4652):946-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Chickens ; Chromatin/physiology ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila ; Embryo, Mammalian/physiology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; Extremities/growth & development ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Iris/growth & development ; Methylation ; Mice ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Phenotype ; Rats ; Xenopus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Monoclonal antibody to a human germ cell membrane glycoprotein that inhibits fertilization (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-20
    Description: A monoclonal antibody to an antigen in the human germ cell membrane did not agglutinate or immobilize sperm but inhibited binding and penetration of zona-free hamster ova by human sperm and blocked murine fertilization in vitro. The antibody, of the 2a subclass of immunoglobulin G, was germ cell-specific but not species-specific. It recognized a single antigen of 23 kilodaltons that has been isolated from human germ cells. This fertilization antigen, located on the postacrosome , midpiece, and tail of human sperm, is a glycoprotein of testicular origin associated with some types of human involuntary immunoinfertility .〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Naz, R K -- Alexander, N J -- Isahakia, M -- Hamilton, M S -- HD-14572/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-16608/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00163/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 20;225(4659):342-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6539947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Cricetinae ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Humans ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Ovum/immunology ; Spermatozoa/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Gut reactions of radioactive nitrite after intratracheal administration in mice (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Intratracheal administration to mice of radioactive nitrite labeled with nitrogen-13 (13NO2-) (half-life, 9.96 minutes) in dosages that do not cause pharmacological perturbation reveals that oxidative and reductive reactions occur in different organs. Oxidation of 13NO2- to radioactive nitrate (13NO3-) predominates in the blood and liver. Reduction of 13NO2- occurs in those mice that harbor intestinal microflora; this reduction does not occur in germ-free mice. The intestinal reduction products include ammonium, glutamate, glutamine, and urea. With a detection limit of about 0.01 percent of the instilled nitrogen-13, no labeled nitrosamines were detected within 30 minutes. Reduced nitrogen-13 is transported out of the intensive into the circulatory system and appears in the urine along with 13NO3-. The biological half-period for 13NO2- destruction is about 7 minutes, and both oxidation and reduction products are formed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thayer, J R -- Chasko, J H -- Swartz, L A -- Parks, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6211766" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Half-Life ; Intestines/*metabolism/microbiology ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nitrites/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Nitrogen Radioisotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Tissue Distribution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Nitrogen-13-labeled nitrite and nitrate: distribution and metabolism after intratracheal administration (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-03
    Description: Radioactive nitrogen-13 from nitrite (NO2-) or nitrate (NO3-) administered intratracheally or intravenously without added carrier to mice or rabbits was distributed evenly throughout most organs and tissues regardless of the entry route or the anion administered. Nitrogen-13 from both anions was distributed uniformly between plasma and blood cells. We found rapid in vivo oxidation of NO2- to NO3- at concentrations of 2 to 3 nanomoles per liter in blood. Over 50 percent oxidation within 10 minutes accounted for the similar nitrogen-13 distributions from both parent ions. The oxidation rates were animal species-dependent. No reduction of 13NO3- to 13NO2- was observed. A mechanistic hypothesis invoking oxidation of 13NO2- by a catalase-hydrogen peroxide complex accounts for the results. These results imply a concentration dependence for the in vivo fate of NO2- or nitrogen dioxide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parks, N J -- Krohn, K J -- Mathis, C A -- Chasko, J H -- Geiger, K R -- Gregor, M E -- Peek, N F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 3;212(4490):58-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Injections, Intravenous ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nitrates/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Nitrites/administration & dosage/*metabolism ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rabbits ; Species Specificity ; Tissue Distribution ; Trachea
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Discrete visual defects in pearl mutant mice (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-04
    Description: The mutant mouse pearl, characterized by its hypopigmentation, has a specific functional defect in a sensory system--the retina. The intact pearl mouse has reduced sensitivity in the dark-adapted condition. Normal sensitivity is restored by isolation and superfusion of the retina with bicarbonate-buffered Ringer solution, suggesting that the retinal expression of the pearl mutation depends on a diffusible substance. The pearl phenotype is described as a possible model for human congenital stationary night blindness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balkema, G W -- Mangini, N J -- Pinto, L H -- R01EY02536/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 4;219(4588):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6600521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dark Adaptation ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains/*physiology ; Night Blindness/*genetics/physiopathology ; Retina/physiopathology ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Bone cancer from radium: canine dose response explains data for mice and humans (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: Analysis of lifetime studies of 243 beagles with skeletal burdens of radium-226 shows that the distribution of bone cancers clusters about a linear function of the logarithms of radiation dose rate to the skeleton and time from exposure until death. Similar relations displaced by species-dependent response ratios also provide satisfactory descriptions of the reported data on deaths from primary bone cancers in people and mice exposed to radium-226. The median cumulative doses (or times) leading to death from bone tumors are 2.9 times larger for dogs than for mice and 3.6 times larger for people than for dogs. These response ratios are well correlated with the normal life expectancies. The cumulative radiation dose required to give significant risk of bone cancer is found to be much less at lower dose rates than at higher rates, but the time required for the tumors to be manifested is longer. At low dose rates, this time exceeds the normal life-span and appears as a practical threshold, which for bone cancer is estimated to occur at an average cumulative radiation dose to the skeleton of about 50 to 110 rads for the three species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raabe, O G -- Book, S A -- Parks, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):61-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Neoplasms/*etiology/mortality ; *Disease Models, Animal ; *Dogs ; *Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; Radium/*adverse effects ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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