ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • *Ecosystem  (40)
  • Chemistry
  • 2005-2009  (42)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1950-1954
  • 1930-1934
  • 2008  (42)
  • 1
    Unknown
    Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe (2008)
    Vienna : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry, Organic
    ISBN: 9783211740194
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-74019-4
    Language: English
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    E-BOOK
  • 2
    Unknown
    Cryogenic Mixed Refrigerant Processes (2008)
    New York, NY : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Materials ; Particles (Nuclear physics) ; Superconductivity
    ISBN: 9780387785141
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78514-1
    Language: English
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    E-BOOK
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Scaling laws of marine predator search behaviour (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-29
    Description: Many free-ranging predators have to make foraging decisions with little, if any, knowledge of present resource distribution and availability. The optimal search strategy they should use to maximize encounter rates with prey in heterogeneous natural environments remains a largely unresolved issue in ecology. Levy walks are specialized random walks giving rise to fractal movement trajectories that may represent an optimal solution for searching complex landscapes. However, the adaptive significance of this putative strategy in response to natural prey distributions remains untested. Here we analyse over a million movement displacements recorded from animal-attached electronic tags to show that diverse marine predators-sharks, bony fishes, sea turtles and penguins-exhibit Levy-walk-like behaviour close to a theoretical optimum. Prey density distributions also display Levy-like fractal patterns, suggesting response movements by predators to prey distributions. Simulations show that predators have higher encounter rates when adopting Levy-type foraging in natural-like prey fields compared with purely random landscapes. This is consistent with the hypothesis that observed search patterns are adapted to observed statistical patterns of the landscape. This may explain why Levy-like behaviour seems to be widespread among diverse organisms, from microbes to humans, as a 'rule' that evolved in response to patchy resource distributions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sims, David W -- Southall, Emily J -- Humphries, Nicolas E -- Hays, Graeme C -- Bradshaw, Corey J A -- Pitchford, Jonathan W -- James, Alex -- Ahmed, Mohammed Z -- Brierley, Andrew S -- Hindell, Mark A -- Morritt, David -- Musyl, Michael K -- Righton, David -- Shepard, Emily L C -- Wearmouth, Victoria J -- Wilson, Rory P -- Witt, Matthew J -- Metcalfe, Julian D -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 28;451(7182):1098-102. doi: 10.1038/nature06518.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK. dws@mba.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18305542" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Euphausiacea ; *Feeding Behavior ; Fractals ; Gadiformes ; *Marine Biology ; *Models, Biological ; *Motor Activity ; Oceans and Seas ; Population Density ; *Predatory Behavior ; Probability ; Seals, Earless ; Sharks ; Spheniscidae ; Tuna ; Turtles
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Prolonged suppression of ecosystem carbon dioxide uptake after an anomalously warm year (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-19
    Description: Terrestrial ecosystems control carbon dioxide fluxes to and from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and respiration, a balance between net primary productivity and heterotrophic respiration, that determines whether an ecosystem is sequestering carbon or releasing it to the atmosphere. Global and site-specific data sets have demonstrated that climate and climate variability influence biogeochemical processes that determine net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) at multiple timescales. Experimental data necessary to quantify impacts of a single climate variable, such as temperature anomalies, on NEE and carbon sequestration of ecosystems at interannual timescales have been lacking. This derives from an inability of field studies to avoid the confounding effects of natural intra-annual and interannual variability in temperature and precipitation. Here we present results from a four-year study using replicate 12,000-kg intact tallgrass prairie monoliths located in four 184-m(3) enclosed lysimeters. We exposed 6 of 12 monoliths to an anomalously warm year in the second year of the study and continuously quantified rates of ecosystem processes, including NEE. We find that warming decreases NEE in both the extreme year and the following year by inducing drought that suppresses net primary productivity in the extreme year and by stimulating heterotrophic respiration of soil biota in the subsequent year. Our data indicate that two years are required for NEE in the previously warmed experimental ecosystems to recover to levels measured in the control ecosystems. This time lag caused net ecosystem carbon sequestration in previously warmed ecosystems to be decreased threefold over the study period, compared with control ecosystems. Our findings suggest that more frequent anomalously warm years, a possible consequence of increasing anthropogenic carbon dioxide levels, may lead to a sustained decrease in carbon dioxide uptake by terrestrial ecosystems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnone, John A 3rd -- Verburg, Paul S J -- Johnson, Dale W -- Larsen, Jessica D -- Jasoni, Richard L -- Lucchesi, Annmarie J -- Batts, Candace M -- von Nagy, Christopher -- Coulombe, William G -- Schorran, David E -- Buck, Paul E -- Braswell, Bobby H -- Coleman, James S -- Sherry, Rebecca A -- Wallace, Linda L -- Luo, Yiqi -- Schimel, David S -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):383-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07296.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada 89512, USA. jarnone@dri.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18800137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism ; *Climate ; Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; *Hot Temperature ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Coastal ecosystem-based management with nonlinear ecological functions and values (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-19
    Description: A common assumption is that ecosystem services respond linearly to changes in habitat size. This assumption leads frequently to an "all or none" choice of either preserving coastal habitats or converting them to human use. However, our survey of wave attenuation data from field studies of mangroves, salt marshes, seagrass beds, nearshore coral reefs, and sand dunes reveals that these relationships are rarely linear. By incorporating nonlinear wave attenuation in estimating coastal protection values of mangroves in Thailand, we show that the optimal land use option may instead be the integration of development and conservation consistent with ecosystem-based management goals. This result suggests that reconciling competing demands on coastal habitats should not always result in stark preservation-versus-conversion choices.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barbier, Edward B -- Koch, Evamaria W -- Silliman, Brian R -- Hacker, Sally D -- Wolanski, Eric -- Primavera, Jurgenne -- Granek, Elise F -- Polasky, Stephen -- Aswani, Shankar -- Cramer, Lori A -- Stoms, David M -- Kennedy, Chris J -- Bael, David -- Kappel, Carrie V -- Perillo, Gerardo M E -- Reed, Denise J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jan 18;319(5861):321-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1150349.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics and Finance, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. ebarbier@uwyo.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18202288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alismatidae ; Animals ; Anthozoa ; Aquaculture/economics ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/economics ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; *Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Fisheries/economics ; Lythraceae ; Penaeidae ; *Rhizophoraceae ; Thailand ; Trees ; Water Movements ; *Wetlands ; Wood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    One-third of reef-building corals face elevated extinction risk from climate change and local impacts (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-26
    Description: The conservation status of 845 zooxanthellate reef-building coral species was assessed by using International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List Criteria. Of the 704 species that could be assigned conservation status, 32.8% are in categories with elevated risk of extinction. Declines in abundance are associated with bleaching and diseases driven by elevated sea surface temperatures, with extinction risk further exacerbated by local-scale anthropogenic disturbances. The proportion of corals threatened with extinction has increased dramatically in recent decades and exceeds that of most terrestrial groups. The Caribbean has the largest proportion of corals in high extinction risk categories, whereas the Coral Triangle (western Pacific) has the highest proportion of species in all categories of elevated extinction risk. Our results emphasize the widespread plight of coral reefs and the urgent need to enact conservation measures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carpenter, Kent E -- Abrar, Muhammad -- Aeby, Greta -- Aronson, Richard B -- Banks, Stuart -- Bruckner, Andrew -- Chiriboga, Angel -- Cortes, Jorge -- Delbeek, J Charles -- Devantier, Lyndon -- Edgar, Graham J -- Edwards, Alasdair J -- Fenner, Douglas -- Guzman, Hector M -- Hoeksema, Bert W -- Hodgson, Gregor -- Johan, Ofri -- Licuanan, Wilfredo Y -- Livingstone, Suzanne R -- Lovell, Edward R -- Moore, Jennifer A -- Obura, David O -- Ochavillo, Domingo -- Polidoro, Beth A -- Precht, William F -- Quibilan, Miledel C -- Reboton, Clarissa -- Richards, Zoe T -- Rogers, Alex D -- Sanciangco, Jonnell -- Sheppard, Anne -- Sheppard, Charles -- Smith, Jennifer -- Stuart, Simon -- Turak, Emre -- Veron, John E N -- Wallace, Carden -- Weil, Ernesto -- Wood, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jul 25;321(5888):560-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1159196. Epub 2008 Jul 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Species Programme Species Survival Commission (SSC), Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA. kcarpent@odu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18653892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Anthozoa/classification/growth & development ; Caribbean Region ; *Climate ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Extinction, Biological ; Greenhouse Effect ; Indian Ocean ; Pacific Ocean ; Risk Assessment ; *Seawater ; Species Specificity ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Climate-driven ecosystem succession in the Sahara: the past 6000 years (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-10
    Description: Desiccation of the Sahara since the middle Holocene has eradicated all but a few natural archives recording its transition from a "green Sahara" to the present hyperarid desert. Our continuous 6000-year paleoenvironmental reconstruction from northern Chad shows progressive drying of the regional terrestrial ecosystem in response to weakening insolation forcing of the African monsoon and abrupt hydrological change in the local aquatic ecosystem controlled by site-specific thresholds. Strong reductions in tropical trees and then Sahelian grassland cover allowed large-scale dust mobilization from 4300 calendar years before the present (cal yr B.P.). Today's desert ecosystem and regional wind regime were established around 2700 cal yr B.P. This gradual rather than abrupt termination of the African Humid Period in the eastern Sahara suggests a relatively weak biogeophysical feedback on climate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kropelin, S -- Verschuren, D -- Lezine, A-M -- Eggermont, H -- Cocquyt, C -- Francus, P -- Cazet, J-P -- Fagot, M -- Rumes, B -- Russell, J M -- Darius, F -- Conley, D J -- Schuster, M -- von Suchodoletz, H -- Engstrom, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 May 9;320(5877):765-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1154913.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Africa Research Unit, Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, University of Cologne, Jennerstrasse 8, D-50823 Koln, Germany. s.kroe@uni-koeln.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18467583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Biological Evolution ; *Desert Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Fresh Water ; Geologic Sediments ; History, Ancient ; Plants ; Time ; Weather
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Environmental genomics reveals a single-species ecosystem deep within Earth (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-11
    Description: DNA from low-biodiversity fracture water collected at 2.8-kilometer depth in a South African gold mine was sequenced and assembled into a single, complete genome. This bacterium, Candidatus Desulforudis audaxviator, composes 〉99.9% of the microorganisms inhabiting the fluid phase of this particular fracture. Its genome indicates a motile, sporulating, sulfate-reducing, chemoautotrophic thermophile that can fix its own nitrogen and carbon by using machinery shared with archaea. Candidatus Desulforudis audaxviator is capable of an independent life-style well suited to long-term isolation from the photosphere deep within Earth's crust and offers an example of a natural ecosystem that appears to have its biological component entirely encoded within a single genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chivian, Dylan -- Brodie, Eoin L -- Alm, Eric J -- Culley, David E -- Dehal, Paramvir S -- DeSantis, Todd Z -- Gihring, Thomas M -- Lapidus, Alla -- Lin, Li-Hung -- Lowry, Stephen R -- Moser, Duane P -- Richardson, Paul M -- Southam, Gordon -- Wanger, Greg -- Pratt, Lisa M -- Andersen, Gary L -- Hazen, Terry C -- Brockman, Fred J -- Arkin, Adam P -- Onstott, Tullis C -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Oct 10;322(5899):275-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1155495.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. DCChivian@lbl.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18845759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ammonia/metabolism ; Carbon/metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Genomics/*methods ; Gold ; Mining ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Movement ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peptococcaceae/classification/*genetics/growth & development/physiology ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; South Africa ; Spores, Bacterial/physiology ; Sulfates/metabolism ; Temperature ; *Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The widespread threat of calcium decline in fresh waters (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-29
    Description: Calcium concentrations are now commonly declining in softwater boreal lakes. Although the mechanisms leading to these declines are generally well known, the consequences for the aquatic biota have not yet been reported. By examining crustacean zooplankton remains preserved in lake sediment cores, we document near extirpations of calcium-rich Daphnia species, which are keystone herbivores in pelagic food webs, concurrent with declining lake-water calcium. A large proportion (62%, 47 to 81% by region) of the Canadian Shield lakes we examined has a calcium concentration approaching or below the threshold at which laboratory Daphnia populations suffer reduced survival and fecundity. The ecological impacts of environmental calcium loss are likely to be both widespread and pronounced.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jeziorski, Adam -- Yan, Norman D -- Paterson, Andrew M -- Desellas, Anna M -- Turner, Michael A -- Jeffries, Dean S -- Keller, Bill -- Weeber, Russ C -- McNicol, Don K -- Palmer, Michelle E -- McIver, Kyle -- Arseneau, Kristina -- Ginn, Brian K -- Cumming, Brian F -- Smol, John P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 28;322(5906):1374-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1164949.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab, Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19039134" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*analysis ; Daphnia/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Fresh Water/*chemistry ; Geologic Sediments ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ontario ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Zooplankton/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Net carbon dioxide losses of northern ecosystems in response to autumn warming (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-04
    Description: The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems is particularly sensitive to climatic changes in autumn and spring, with spring and autumn temperatures over northern latitudes having risen by about 1.1 degrees C and 0.8 degrees C, respectively, over the past two decades. A simultaneous greening trend has also been observed, characterized by a longer growing season and greater photosynthetic activity. These observations have led to speculation that spring and autumn warming could enhance carbon sequestration and extend the period of net carbon uptake in the future. Here we analyse interannual variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration data and ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes. We find that atmospheric records from the past 20 years show a trend towards an earlier autumn-to-winter carbon dioxide build-up, suggesting a shorter net carbon uptake period. This trend cannot be explained by changes in atmospheric transport alone and, together with the ecosystem flux data, suggest increasing carbon losses in autumn. We use a process-based terrestrial biosphere model and satellite vegetation greenness index observations to investigate further the observed seasonal response of northern ecosystems to autumnal warming. We find that both photosynthesis and respiration increase during autumn warming, but the increase in respiration is greater. In contrast, warming increases photosynthesis more than respiration in spring. Our simulations and observations indicate that northern terrestrial ecosystems may currently lose carbon dioxide in response to autumn warming, with a sensitivity of about 0.2 PgC degrees C(-1), offsetting 90% of the increased carbon dioxide uptake during spring. If future autumn warming occurs at a faster rate than in spring, the ability of northern ecosystems to sequester carbon may be diminished earlier than previously suggested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piao, Shilong -- Ciais, Philippe -- Friedlingstein, Pierre -- Peylin, Philippe -- Reichstein, Markus -- Luyssaert, Sebastiaan -- Margolis, Hank -- Fang, Jingyun -- Barr, Alan -- Chen, Anping -- Grelle, Achim -- Hollinger, David Y -- Laurila, Tuomas -- Lindroth, Anders -- Richardson, Andrew D -- Vesala, Timo -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jan 3;451(7174):49-52. doi: 10.1038/nature06444.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉LSCE, UMR CEA-CNRS, Batiment 709, CE, L'Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. slpiao@lsce.ipsl.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18172494" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/chemistry ; Biomass ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/*metabolism ; Cell Respiration ; *Ecosystem ; Fossil Fuels ; Geography ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Oceans and Seas ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Transpiration ; Plants/metabolism ; Rain ; *Seasons ; Soil/analysis ; *Temperature ; Water/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...