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  • Other Sources  (2)
  • 7223  (1)
  • Spacecraft Propulsion and Power
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 2005  (2)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2005
    Description: Earthquake scarps associated with recent historical events have been found on the floor of the Sea of Marmara, along the North Anatolian Fault (NAF). The MAuto-Regressive Moving Average-processRASCARPS cruise using an unmanned submersible (ROV) provides direct observations to study the fine-scale morphology and geology of those scarps, their distribution, and geometry. The observations are consistent with the diversity of fault mechanisms and the fault segmentation within the north Marmara extensional step-over, between the strike-slip Ganos and Izmit faults. Smaller strike-slip segments and pull-apart basins alternate within the main step-over, commonly combining strike-slip and extension. Rapid sedimentation rates of 1-3 mm/yr appear to compete with normal faulting components of up to 6 mm/yr at the pull-apart margins. In spite of the fast sedimentation rates the submarine scarps are preserved and accumulate relief. Sets of youthful earthquake scarps extend offshore from the Ganos and Izmit faults on land into the Sea of Marmara. Our observations suggest that they correspond to the submarine ruptures of the 1999 Izmit (Mw 7.4) and the 1912 Ganos (Ms 7.4) earthquakes. While the 1999 rupture ends at the immediate eastern entrance of the extensional Cinarcik Basin, the 1912 rupture appears to have crossed the Ganos restraining bend into the Sea of Marmara floor for 60 km with a right-lateral slip of 5 m, ending in the Central Basin step-over. From the Gulf of Saros to Marmara the total 1912 rupture length is probably about 140 km, not 50 km as previously thought. The direct observations of submarine scarps in Marmara are critical to defining barriers that have arrested past earthquakes as well as defining a possible segmentation of the contemporary state of loading. Incorporating the submarine scarp evidence modifies substantially our understanding of the current state of loading along the NAF next to Istanbul. Coulomb stress modeling shows a zone of maximum loading with at least 4-5 m of slip deficit encompassing the strike-slip segment 70 km long between the Cinarcik and Central Basins. That segment alone would be capable of generating a large-magnitude earthquake (Mw 7.2). Other segments in Marmara appear less loaded. FROTH
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Turkey ; Fault zone ; NAF ; G3 ; G-cubed ; AGU ; Ucarkus ; Lepinay ; Cagatay ; Cakir ; Structural geology ; 7230 ; Seismology: ; Seismicity ; and ; tectonics ; Oezalaybey ; Ozalaybey ; Lefevre ; 7223 ; Earthquake ; interaction, ; forecasting, ; and ; prediction ; morphology ; submersible ; 8110 ; Tectonophysics: ; Continental ; tectonics: ; general ; 1766 ; 1894 ; 1912 ; 1999 ; Earthquake
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In July 2004, a 10-meter solar sail structure developed by L Garde, Inc. was tested in vacuum at the NASA Glenn 30-meter Plum Brook Space Power Facility in Sandusky, Ohio. The three main objections of the test were to demonstrate unattended deployment from a stowed configuration, to measure the deployed shape of the sail at both ambient and cryogenic room temperatures, and to measure the deployed structural dynamic characteristics (vibration modes). This paper summarizes the work conducted to fulfill the second test objective. The deployed shape was measured photogrammetrically in vacuum conditions with four 2-megapixel digital video cameras contained in custom made pressurized canisters. The canisters included high-intensity LED ring lights to illuminate a grid of retroreflective targets distributed on the solar sail. The test results closely matched pre-test photogrammetry numerical simulations and compare well with ABAQUS finite-element model predictions.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: AIAA Paper 2005-1889 , 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference; Apr 18, 2005 - Apr 21, 2005; Austin, TX; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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