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  • Female  (8)
  • 2020-2023
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  • 2002  (8)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2002-04-16
    Description: One of the factors postulated to drive the aging process is the accumulation of DNA damage. Here, we provide strong support for this hypothesis by describing studies of mice with a mutation in XPD, a gene encoding a DNA helicase that functions in both repair and transcription and that is mutated in the human disorder trichothiodystrophy (TTD). TTD mice were found to exhibit many symptoms of premature aging, including osteoporosis and kyphosis, osteosclerosis, early greying, cachexia, infertility, and reduced life-span. TTD mice carrying an additional mutation in XPA, which enhances the DNA repair defect, showed a greatly accelerated aging phenotype, which correlated with an increased cellular sensitivity to oxidative DNA damage. We hypothesize that aging in TTD mice is caused by unrepaired DNA damage that compromises transcription, leading to functional inactivation of critical genes and enhanced apoptosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Boer, Jan -- Andressoo, Jaan Olle -- de Wit, Jan -- Huijmans, Jan -- Beems, Rudolph B -- van Steeg, Harry -- Weeda, Geert -- van der Horst, Gijsbertus T J -- van Leeuwen, Wibeke -- Themmen, Axel P N -- Meradji, Morteza -- Hoeijmakers, Jan H J -- AG 17242-02/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1276-9. Epub 2002 Apr 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Genetics Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Center for Biomedical Genetics, Erasmus University, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11950998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Aging, Premature/*etiology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Density ; Cachexia/etiology ; Crosses, Genetic ; *DNA Damage ; DNA Helicases/genetics/*physiology ; *DNA Repair ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Female ; Fertility ; Gene Targeting ; Growth Disorders/etiology/genetics ; Hair Diseases/genetics ; Kyphosis/etiology/genetics/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; Oxidative Stress ; Phenotype ; Point Mutation ; Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Transcription Factors ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2002-01-05
    Description: The recently released human genome sequences provide us with reference data to conduct comparative genomic research on primates, which will be important to understand what genetic information makes us human. Here we present a first-generation human-chimpanzee comparative genome map and its initial analysis. The map was constructed through paired alignment of 77,461 chimpanzee bacterial artificial chromosome end sequences with publicly available human genome sequences. We detected candidate positions, including two clusters on human chromosome 21 that suggest large, nonrandom regions of difference between the two genomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fujiyama, Asao -- Watanabe, Hidemi -- Toyoda, Atsushi -- Taylor, Todd D -- Itoh, Takehiko -- Tsai, Shih-Feng -- Park, Hong-Seog -- Yaspo, Marie-Laure -- Lehrach, Hans -- Chen, Zhu -- Fu, Gang -- Saitou, Naruya -- Osoegawa, Kazutoyo -- de Jong, Pieter J -- Suto, Yumiko -- Hattori, Masahira -- Sakaki, Yoshiyuki -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 4;295(5552):131-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. afujiyam@gsc.riken.go.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11778049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Contig Mapping ; Female ; Gene Library ; *Genome ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Male ; Pan troglodytes/*genetics ; *Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Tagged Sites ; X Chromosome/genetics ; Y Chromosome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2002-05-23
    Description: Between 6 and 10 months of age, the infant's ability to discriminate among native speech sounds improves, whereas the same ability to discriminate among foreign speech sounds decreases. Our study aimed to determine whether this perceptual narrowing is unique to language or might also apply to face processing. We tested discrimination of human and monkey faces by 6-month-olds, 9-month-olds, and adults, using the visual paired-comparison procedure. Only the youngest group showed discrimination between individuals of both species; older infants and adults only showed evidence of discrimination of their own species. These results suggest that the "perceptual narrowing" phenomenon may represent a more general change in neural networks involved in early cognition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pascalis, Olivier -- de Haan, Michelle -- Nelson, Charles A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1321-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TP, UK. o.pascalis@sheffield.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12016317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aging ; Animals ; Evoked Potentials ; *Face ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Macaca fascicularis ; Male ; *Pattern Recognition, Visual ; *Recognition (Psychology) ; Species Specificity ; Speech Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2002-02-23
    Description: The identification of pathways mediated by the kinase Cdk5 and the ligand reelin has provided a conceptual framework for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying proper lamination of the developing mammalian cerebral cortex. In this report, we identify a component of the regulation of Cdk5-mediated cortical lamination by genetic analysis of the roles of the class III POU domain transcription factors, Brn-1 and Brn-2, expressed during the development of the forebrain and coexpressed in most layer II-V cortical neurons. Brn-1 and Brn-2 appear to critically control the initiation of radial migration, redundantly regulating the cell-autonomous expression of the p35 and p39 regulatory subunits of Cdk5 in migrating cortical neurons, with Brn-1(-/-)/Brn-2(-/-) mice exhibiting cortical inversion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McEvilly, Robert J -- de Diaz, Marcela Ortiz -- Schonemann, Marcus D -- Hooshmand, Farideh -- Rosenfeld, Michael G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Feb 22;295(5559):1528-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department and School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0648, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11859196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/cytology/embryology/metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/embryology/*metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; Hippocampus/cytology/embryology/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neuropeptides/genetics/*physiology ; POU Domain Factors ; Serine Endopeptidases ; Trans-Activators/genetics/*physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2002-12-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Vlas, Sake J -- Nagelkerke, Nico J D -- Jha, Prabhat -- Plummer, Frank A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 13;298(5601):2129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12481779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anti-HIV Agents/economics/*therapeutic use ; Child ; Developing Countries ; Drug Costs ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; HIV/drug effects/physiology ; HIV Infections/drug therapy/prevention & control/*transmission/virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention & control ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy ; Viral Load
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2002-04-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cann, Howard M -- de Toma, Claudia -- Cazes, Lucien -- Legrand, Marie-Fernande -- Morel, Valerie -- Piouffre, Laurence -- Bodmer, Julia -- Bodmer, Walter F -- Bonne-Tamir, Batsheva -- Cambon-Thomsen, Anne -- Chen, Zhu -- Chu, J -- Carcassi, Carlo -- Contu, Licinio -- Du, Ruofu -- Excoffier, Laurent -- Ferrara, G B -- Friedlaender, Jonathan S -- Groot, Helena -- Gurwitz, David -- Jenkins, Trefor -- Herrera, Rene J -- Huang, Xiaoyi -- Kidd, Judith -- Kidd, Kenneth K -- Langaney, Andre -- Lin, Alice A -- Mehdi, S Qasim -- Parham, Peter -- Piazza, Alberto -- Pistillo, Maria Pia -- Qian, Yaping -- Shu, Qunfang -- Xu, Jiujin -- Zhu, S -- Weber, James L -- Greely, Henry T -- Feldman, Marcus W -- Thomas, Gilles -- Dausset, Jean -- Cavalli-Sforza, L Luca -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):261-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11954565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Specimen Banks ; *Cell Line ; Continental Population Groups/genetics ; DNA/genetics ; Databases, Factual ; Female ; *Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Human ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *Lymphocytes ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2002-03-16
    Description: An outbreak of paralytic poliomyelitis occurred in the Dominican Republic (13 confirmed cases) and Haiti (8 confirmed cases, including 2 fatal cases) during 2000-2001. All but one of the patients were either unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated children, and cases occurred in communities with very low (7 to 40%) rates of coverage with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). The outbreak was associated with the circulation of a derivative of the type 1 OPV strain, probably originating from a single OPV dose given in 1998-1999. The vaccine-derived poliovirus associated with the outbreak had biological properties indistinguishable from those of wild poliovirus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kew, Olen -- Morris-Glasgow, Victoria -- Landaverde, Mauricio -- Burns, Cara -- Shaw, Jing -- Garib, Zacarias -- Andre, Jean -- Blackman, Elizabeth -- Freeman, C Jason -- Jorba, Jaume -- Sutter, Roland -- Tambini, Gina -- Venczel, Linda -- Pedreira, Cristina -- Laender, Fernando -- Shimizu, Hiroyuki -- Yoneyama, Tetsuo -- Miyamura, Tatsuo -- van Der Avoort, Harrie -- Oberste, M Steven -- Kilpatrick, David -- Cochi, Stephen -- Pallansch, Mark -- de Quadros, Ciro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):356-9. Epub 2002 Mar 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. okew@cdc.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11896235" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5' Untranslated Regions ; Adolescent ; Animals ; Capsid/genetics ; Capsid Proteins ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Dominican Republic/epidemiology ; Female ; Genes, Viral ; Haiti/epidemiology ; Humans ; Immunization Programs ; Infant ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Point Mutation ; Poliomyelitis/*epidemiology/prevention & control/transmission/*virology ; Poliovirus/classification/*genetics/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral/*adverse effects ; Population Surveillance ; Recombination, Genetic ; Vaccination ; Virulence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2002-06-18
    Description: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive cancer susceptibility disorder characterized by cellular hypersensitivity to mitomycin C (MMC). Six FA genes have been cloned, but the gene or genes corresponding to FA subtypes B and D1 remain unidentified. Here we show that cell lines derived from FA-B and FA-D1 patients have biallelic mutations in BRCA2 and express truncated BRCA2 proteins. Functional complementation of FA-D1 fibroblasts with wild-type BRCA2 complementary DNA restores MMC resistance. Our results link the six cloned FA genes with BRCA1 and BRCA2 in a common pathway. Germ-line mutation of genes in this pathway may result in cancer risks similar to those observed in families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Howlett, Niall G -- Taniguchi, Toshiyasu -- Olson, Susan -- Cox, Barbara -- Waisfisz, Quinten -- De Die-Smulders, Christine -- Persky, Nicole -- Grompe, Markus -- Joenje, Hans -- Pals, Gerard -- Ikeda, Hideyuki -- Fox, Edward A -- D'Andrea, Alan D -- P01HL54785/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01DK43889/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01HL52725/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 26;297(5581):606-9. Epub 2002 Jun 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12065746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; BRCA2 Protein/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; DNA Damage ; Fanconi Anemia/*genetics ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Frameshift Mutation ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, BRCA1 ; *Genes, BRCA2 ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Mitomycin/pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Protein Isoforms ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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