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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (39)
  • 1995-1999  (39)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
  • 1995  (39)
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  • 1995-1999  (39)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1995-06-23
    Description: Deficiency in monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an enzyme that degrades serotonin and norepinephrine, has recently been shown to be associated with aggressive behavior in men of a Dutch family. A line of transgenic mice was isolated in which transgene integration caused a deletion in the gene encoding MAOA, providing an animal model of MAOA deficiency. In pup brains, serotonin concentrations were increased up to ninefold, and serotonin-like immunoreactivity was present in catecholaminergic neurons. In pup and adult brains, norepinephrine concentrations were increased up to twofold, and cytoarchitectural changes were observed in the somatosensory cortex. Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine. Adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844866/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844866/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cases, O -- Seif, I -- Grimsby, J -- Gaspar, P -- Chen, K -- Pournin, S -- Muller, U -- Aguet, M -- Babinet, C -- Shih, J C -- K05 MH 00796/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH 37020/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH 39085/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH039085/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH039085-23/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 23;268(5218):1763-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unite de Recherche Associee (URA), Institut Curie, Orsay, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7792602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Southern ; Brain/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Interferon-beta/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monoamine Oxidase/*deficiency ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Sequence Deletion ; Serotonin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1995-09-01
    Description: Eukaryotic chromosomes are capped with repetitive telomere sequences that protect the ends from damage and rearrangements. Telomere repeats are synthesized by telomerase, a ribonucleic acid (RNA)-protein complex. Here, the cloning of the RNA component of human telomerase, termed hTR, is described. The template region of hTR encompasses 11 nucleotides (5'-CUAACCCUAAC) complementary to the human telomere sequence (TTAGGG)n. Germline tissues and tumor cell lines expressed more hTR than normal somatic cells and tissues, which have no detectable telomerase activity. Human cell lines that expressed hTR mutated in the template region generated the predicted mutant telomerase activity. HeLa cells transfected with an antisense hTR lost telomeric DNA and began to die after 23 to 26 doublings. Thus, human telomerase is a critical enzyme for the long-term proliferation of immortal tumor cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feng, J -- Funk, W D -- Wang, S S -- Weinrich, S L -- Avilion, A A -- Chiu, C P -- Adams, R R -- Chang, E -- Allsopp, R C -- Yu, J -- AG09383/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 1;269(5228):1236-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geron Corporation, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7544491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Death ; *Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Templates, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1995-07-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chase, G A -- DeLeon, P A -- Dronamraju, K R -- Erickson, R P -- Glorioso, J C 3rd -- Hirschhorn, R -- Lysaught, M T -- McGraw, K M -- Meyers, A S -- Miller, A D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 7;269(5220):14-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7604272" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Advisory Committees ; Clinical Protocols ; Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; DNA, Recombinant ; Ethical Review ; Federal Government ; Genetic Therapy/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1995-02-24
    Description: A model that makes use of the cooperative organization of inorganic and organic molecular species into three dimensionally structured arrays is generalized for the synthesis of nanocomposite materials. In this model, the properties and structure of a system are determined by dynamic interplay among ion-pair inorganic and organic species, so that different phases can be readily obtained through small variations of controllable synthesis parameters, including mixture composition and temperature. Nucleation, growth, and phase transitions may be directed by the charge density, coordination, and steric requirements of the inorganic and organic species at the interface and not necessarily by a preformed structure. A specific example is presented in which organic molecules in the presence of multiply charged silicate oligomers self-assemble into silicatropic liquid crystals. The organization of these silicate-surfactant mesophases is investigated with and without interfacial silicate condensation to separate the effects of self-assembly from the kinetics of silicate polymerization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Firouzi, A -- Kumar, D -- Bull, L M -- Besier, T -- Sieger, P -- Huo, Q -- Walker, S A -- Zasadzinski, J A -- Glinka, C -- Nicol, J -- GM 47334/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 24;267(5201):1138-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7855591" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzene Derivatives/chemistry ; Cetrimonium Compounds/*chemistry ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Freeze Fracturing ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methylamines/chemistry ; Micelles ; Microscopy, Electron ; Molecular Structure ; Silicates/*chemistry ; Surface-Active Agents/*chemistry ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1995-08-04
    Description: Phosphoinositide-3 kinase activity is implicated in diverse cellular responses triggered by mammalian cell surface receptors and in the regulation of protein sorting in yeast. Receptors with intrinsic and associated tyrosine kinase activity recruit heterodimeric phosphoinositide-3 kinases that consist of p110 catalytic subunits and p85 adaptor molecules containing Src homology 2 (SH2) domains. A phosphoinositide-3 kinase isotype, p110 gamma, was cloned and characterized. The p110 gamma enzyme was activated in vitro by both the alpha and beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins (G proteins) and did not interact with p85. A potential pleckstrin homology domain is located near its amino terminus. The p110 gamma isotype may link signaling through G protein-coupled receptors to the generation of phosphoinositide second messengers phosphorylated in the D-3 position.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stoyanov, B -- Volinia, S -- Hanck, T -- Rubio, I -- Loubtchenkov, M -- Malek, D -- Stoyanova, S -- Vanhaesebroeck, B -- Dhand, R -- Nurnberg, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Aug 4;269(5224):690-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max Planck Research Unit in Growth Factor Signal Transduction, Medical Faculty, University of Jena, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7624799" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme Activation ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1995-05-26
    Description: Receptor-mediated activation of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) results in the dissociation of alpha from beta gamma subunits, thereby allowing both to regulate effectors. Little is known about the regions of effectors required for recognition of G beta gamma. A peptide encoding residues 956 to 982 of adenylyl cyclase 2 specifically blocked G beta gamma stimulation of adenylyl cyclase 2, phospholipase C-beta 3, potassium channels, and beta-adrenergic receptor kinase as well as inhibition of calmodulin-stimulated adenylyl cyclases, but had no effect on interactions between G beta gamma and G alpha o. Substitutions in this peptide identified a functionally important motif, Gln-X-X-Glu-Arg, that is also conserved in regions of potassium channels and beta-adrenergic receptor kinases that participate in G beta gamma interactions. Thus, the region defined by residues 956 to 982 of adenylyl cyclase 2 may contain determinants important for receiving signals from G beta gamma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, J -- DeVivo, M -- Dingus, J -- Harry, A -- Li, J -- Sui, J -- Carty, D J -- Blank, J L -- Exton, J H -- Stoffel, R H -- CA-44998/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK-37219/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK-38761/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 26;268(5214):1166-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, NY 10029, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7761832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Adenylyl Cyclases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Enzyme Activation/physiology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*physiology ; Guanosine Triphosphate/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/chemical synthesis/chemistry/physiology ; Potassium Channels/physiology ; Rats ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Type C Phospholipases/metabolism
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1995-07-28
    Description: An approach for genome analysis based on sequencing and assembly of unselected pieces of DNA from the whole chromosome has been applied to obtain the complete nucleotide sequence (1,830,137 base pairs) of the genome from the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae Rd. This approach eliminates the need for initial mapping efforts and is therefore applicable to the vast array of microbial species for which genome maps are unavailable. The H. influenzae Rd genome sequence (Genome Sequence DataBase accession number L42023) represents the only complete genome sequence from a free-living organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fleischmann, R D -- Adams, M D -- White, O -- Clayton, R A -- Kirkness, E F -- Kerlavage, A R -- Bult, C J -- Tomb, J F -- Dougherty, B A -- Merrick, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 28;269(5223):496-512.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7542800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping/methods ; Chromosomes, Bacterial ; Cloning, Molecular ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; DNA, Bacterial/*genetics ; Databases, Factual ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Haemophilus influenzae/*genetics/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Operon ; RNA, Bacterial/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods ; Software
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1995-04-07
    Description: A morbillivirus has been isolated and added to an increasing list of emerging viral diseases. This virus caused an outbreak of fatal respiratory disease in horses and humans. Genetic analyses show it to be only distantly related to the classic morbilliviruses rinderpest, measles, and canine distemper. When seen by electron microscopy, viruses had 10- and 18-nanometer surface projections that gave them a "double-fringed" appearance. The virus induced syncytia that developed in the endothelium of blood vessels, particularly the lungs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murray, K -- Selleck, P -- Hooper, P -- Hyatt, A -- Gould, A -- Gleeson, L -- Westbury, H -- Hiley, L -- Selvey, L -- Rodwell, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 7;268(5207):94-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, East Geelong, Victoria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Female ; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/mortality/*virology ; Horses ; Humans ; Kidney/virology ; Lung/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morbillivirus/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Morbillivirus Infections/epidemiology/mortality/*veterinary/*virology ; Pregnancy ; Queensland/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/veterinary/virology ; Spleen/virology ; Vero Cells ; Virus Cultivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1995-03-03
    Description: The Hubble Space Telescope made systematic observations of the split comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL9) (P designates a periodic comet) starting in July 1993 and continuing through mid-July 1994 when the fragments plunged into Jupiter's atmosphere. Deconvolutions of Wide Field Planetary Camera images indicate that the diameters of some fragments may have been as large as approximately 2 to 4 kilometers, assuming a geometric albedo of 4 percent, but significantly smaller values (that is, 〈 1 kilometer) cannot be ruled out. Most of the fragments (or nuclei) were embedded in circularly symmetric inner comae from July 1993 until late June 1994, implying that there was continuous, but weak, cometary activity. At least a few nuclei fragmented into separate, condensed objects well after the breakup of the SL9 parent body, which argues against the hypothesis that the SL9 fragments were swarms of debris with no dominant, central bodies. Spectroscopic observations taken on 14 July 1994 showed an outburst in magnesium ion emission that was followed closely by a threefold increase in continuum emission, which may have been caused by the electrostatic charging and subsequent explosion of dust as the comet passed from interplanetary space into the jovian magnetosphere. No OH emission was detected, but the derived upper limit on the H2O production rate of approximately 10(27) molecules per second does not necessarily imply that the object was water-poor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weaver, H A -- A'Hearn, M F -- Arpigny, C -- Boice, D C -- Feldman, P D -- Larson, S M -- Lamy, P -- Levy, D H -- Marsden, B G -- Meech, K J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 3;267(5202):1282-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7871424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Hydroxyl Radical/analysis ; *Jupiter ; Magnesium/analysis ; *Solar System ; Spectrum Analysis ; Water/analysis
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1995-06-09
    Description: Minor histocompatibility antigen disparities between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched bone marrow donors and recipients are a major risk factor for graft versus host disease (GVHD). An HLA-A2.1-restricted cytotoxic T cell clone that recognized the minor histocompatibility antigen HA-2 was previously isolated from a patient with severe GVHD after HLA-identical bone marrow transplantation. The HLA-A2.1-bound peptide representing HA-2 has now been identified. This peptide appears to originate from a member of the non-filament-forming class I myosin family. Because HA-2 has a phenotype frequency of 95 percent in the HLA-A2.1-positive population, it is a candidate for immunotherapeutic intervention in bone marrow transplantation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉den Haan, J M -- Sherman, N E -- Blokland, E -- Huczko, E -- Koning, F -- Drijfhout, J W -- Skipper, J -- Shabanowitz, J -- Hunt, D F -- Engelhard, V H -- AI20963/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI33993/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 9;268(5216):1476-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunohaematology, University Hospital, Leiden, Netherlands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7539551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Epitopes ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease/*immunology ; HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/chemistry/*immunology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry/*immunology ; Oligopeptides/chemistry/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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