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  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (6)
  • Aerospace Medicine
  • Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (13)
  • 1994  (4)
  • 1992  (9)
Collection
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  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (13)
Year
  • 1
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    Technology integration box beam failure study (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The objective of this paper is to describe current results from an on-going study of the mechanisms that led to the failure of the TIBB. Experimental and analytical results are presented. Experimental results include load, strain, and deflection data for the TIBB (Technology Integration Box Beam). An analytical investigation was conducted to compliment the experimental investigation and to gain additional insight into the TIBB structural response. Analytical results include strain and deflection results from a global analysis of the TIBB. A local analysis of the failure region is being completed. These analytical results are validated through comparisons with the experimental results from the TIBB tests. The experimental and analytical results from the TIBB tests are used to determine a sequence of events that may have resulted in failure of the TIBB. A potential cause of failure is high stresses in a stiffener runout region. Typical analytical results are presented for a stiffener runout specimen that is being defined to simulate the TIBB failure mechanisms. The results of this study are anticipated to provide better understanding of potential failure mechanisms in composite aircraft structures, to lead to future design improvements, and to identify needed analytical tools for design and analysis.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: FAA, Ninth DOD(NASA)FAA Conference on Fibrous Composites in Structural Design, Volume 2; p 673-68
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  • 2
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    High-performance equation solvers and their impact on finite element analysis (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The role of equation solvers in modern structural analysis software is described. Direct and iterative equation solvers which exploit vectorization on modern high-performance computer systems are described and compared. The direct solvers are two Cholesky factorization methods. The first method utilizes a novel variable-band data storage format to achieve very high computation rates and the second method uses a sparse data storage format designed to reduce the number od operations. The iterative solvers are preconditioned conjugate gradient methods. Two different preconditioners are included; the first uses a diagonal matrix storage scheme to achieve high computation rates and the second requires a sparse data storage scheme and converges to the solution in fewer iterations that the first. The impact of using all of the equation solvers in a common structural analysis software system is demonstrated by solving several representative structural analysis problems.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (ISSN 0029-5981); 33; 855-868
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Comparison of treatment strategies for Space Motion Sickness (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Treatment strategies for Space Motion Sickness were compared using the results of postflight oral debriefings. Standardized questionnaires were administered to all crewmembers immediately following Space Shuttle flights by NASA flight surgeons. Cases of Space Motion Sickness were graded as mild, moderate or severe based on published criteria, and medication effectiveness was judged based on subjective reports of symptom relief. Since October 1989, medication effectiveness is reported inflight through Private Medical Conferences with the crew. A symptom matrix was analyzed for 19 crewmembers treated with an oral combination of scopolamine and dextroamphetamine (scopdex) and 15 crewmembers treated with promethazine delivered by intramuscular (IM) or suppository routes. Scopdex has been given preflight as prophaxis for Space Motion Sickness but analysis showed delayed symptom presentation in 9 crewmembers or failed to prevent symptoms in 7. Only three crewmembers who took scopdex had no symptoms inflight. Fourteen out of 15 crewmembers treated with IM promethazine and 6 of 8 treated with promethazine suppositories after symptom development had immediate (within 12 h) symptom relief and required no additional medication. There were no cases of delayed symptom presentation in the crewmembers treated with promethazine. This response is in contrast to untreated crewmembers who typically have slow symptom resolution over 72-96 h. We conclude that promethazine is an effective treatment of Space Motion Sickness symptoms inflight. NASA policy currently recommends treating crewmembers with Space Motion Sickness after symptom development, and no longer recommends prophylaxis with scopdex due to delayed symptom development and apparent variable absorption of oral medications during early flight days.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Microgravity quarterly : MGQ (ISSN 0958-5036); Volume 2; 3; 173-7
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Influence of cross-flow on nonlinear Tollmien-Schlichting/vortex interaction (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The transition of an incompressible three-dimensional boundary layer with strong cross-flow is considered theoretically and computationally in the context of vortex/wave interactions. Specifically the work centers on two lower-branch Tollmien-Schlichting waves which mutually interact nonlinearly to induce a longitudinal vortex flow. The vortex motion in turn gives rise to significant wave modulation via wall-shear forcing. The characteristic Reynolds number is large and, as a consequence, the waves' and the vortex motion are governed primarily by triple deck theory. The nonlinear interaction is captured by a viscous partial-differential system for the vortex coupled with a pair of amplitude equations for each wave pressure. Following analysis and computation over a wide range of parameters, three distinct responses are found to emerge in the nonlinear behavior of the flow solution downstream: an algebraic finite-distance singularity, far-downstream saturation or far-downstream wave decay leaving pure vortex flow. These depend on the input conditions, the wave angles and the size of the cross flow.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Royal Society (London) Proceedings, Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences (ISSN 0962-8444); 446; 1927; p. 319-340
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  • 5
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    Conceptual design and analysis of a dynamic scale model of the Space Station Freedom (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This report documents the conceptual design study performed to evaluate design options for a subscale dynamic test model which could be used to investigate the expected on-orbit structural dynamic characteristics of the Space Station Freedom early build configurations. The baseline option was a 'near-replica' model of the SSF SC-7 pre-integrated truss configuration. The approach used to develop conceptual design options involved three sets of studies: evaluation of the full-scale design and analysis databases, conducting scale factor trade studies, and performing design sensitivity studies. The scale factor trade study was conducted to develop a fundamental understanding of the key scaling parameters that drive design, performance and cost of a SSF dynamic scale model. Four scale model options were estimated: 1/4, 1/5, 1/7, and 1/10 scale. Prototype hardware was fabricated to assess producibility issues. Based on the results of the study, a 1/4-scale size is recommended based on the increased model fidelity associated with a larger scale factor. A design sensitivity study was performed to identify critical hardware component properties that drive dynamic performance. A total of 118 component properties were identified which require high-fidelity replication. Lower fidelity dynamic similarity scaling can be used for non-critical components.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-4598 , NAS 1.26:4598 , LMSC/F440397
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Phase segregation due to simultaneous migration and coalescence (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Ground-based modeling and experiments have been performed on the interaction and coalescence of drops leading to macroscopic phase separation. The focus has been on gravity-induced motion, with research also initiated on thermocapillary motion of drops. The drop size distribution initially shifts toward larger drops with time due to coalescence, and then a back towards smaller drops due to the larger preferentially settling out. As a consequence, the phase separation rate initially increases with time and then decreases.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA. Lewis Research Center, Second Microgravity Fluid Physics Conference; p 101-106
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Improved method for solving the viscous shock layer equations (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An improved method for solving the viscous shock layer equations for supersonic/hypersonic flows past blunt-nosed bodies is presented. The method is capable of handling slender to thick bodies. The solution is obtained by solving a coupled set of five equations, built of the four basic viscous shock layer equations and an additional equation for the standoff distance. The coupling of the equations prevents the local iterations divergence problems encountered by previous methods of solution far downstream on slender bodies. It also eliminates the need for local iterations, which were required by previous methods of solution, for a first-order scheme in the streamwise direction. A new global iteration procedure is employed to impose the shock boundary conditions. The procedure prevents the global iteration instability encountered by the basic method of solution and improves the convergence rate of the global iteration procedure of later methods devised to overcome this difficulty. The new technique reduces the computation time by 65-95 percent as compared to previous methods of solution. The method can efficiently be implemented in vector/parallel computers.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 30; 7 Ju
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Unsteady analysis of hot streak migration in a turbine stage (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Journal of Propulsion and Power (ISSN 0748-4658); 8; 520-529
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Experimental investigation of turbulent flow through a circular-to-rectangular transition duct (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 30; 367-375
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Locomotion in a rotating space station: a synthesis of new data with established concepts (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Despite technical problems associated with designing a rotating space station it is still thought that such a device may provide a more tolerable work environment and prevent some of the physiological changes that currently pose a threat to long-duration space missions. In the present analysis four case studies are presented and the results show that centrifugal and Coriolis effects could hinder one's ability to walk or run in a natural way in such an environment. In a rotating station that has a nominal 'G-level' equal to that on earth it can be shown that a person running at 3.8 m s -1 could experience foot 'heaviness' effects that range from 1 to 3 g and fore-aft foot 'forces' that range fom -0.5 to +0.5 g. In contrast the hip region could sense a relatively constant 'force' equal to 2 g. With regard to the body as a whole there would be 'weight changes' that depended on the direction of gait. While these conditions imply that locomotion in a rotating space station would be different from normal gait, it is likely that given sufficient training, astronauts could learn optimal strategies to account for centrifugal and Coriolis effects on individual body segments. The learning process would also entail developing strategies on which route to take when moving from one location to another, since in many cases the shortest route would not be the least energy consuming. Such training would be justified if it were shown that artificial gravity was an effective countermeasure to the problems of muscle atrophy and bone loss.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Gait & posture (ISSN 0966-6362); 2; 157-65
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