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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The role of equation solvers in modern structural analysis software is described. Direct and iterative equation solvers which exploit vectorization on modern high-performance computer systems are described and compared. The direct solvers are two Cholesky factorization methods. The first method utilizes a novel variable-band data storage format to achieve very high computation rates and the second method uses a sparse data storage format designed to reduce the number od operations. The iterative solvers are preconditioned conjugate gradient methods. Two different preconditioners are included; the first uses a diagonal matrix storage scheme to achieve high computation rates and the second requires a sparse data storage scheme and converges to the solution in fewer iterations that the first. The impact of using all of the equation solvers in a common structural analysis software system is demonstrated by solving several representative structural analysis problems.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (ISSN 0029-5981); 33; 855-868
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The space shuttle Challenger accident investigation focused on the failure of a tang-clevis joint on the right solid rocket motor. The existence of relative motion between the inner arm of the clevis and the O-ring sealing surface on the tang has been identified as a potential contributor to this failure. This motion can cause the O-rings to become unseated and therefore lose their sealing capability. Finite element structural analyses have been performed to predict both deflections and stresses in the joint under the primary, pressure loading condition. These analyses have demonstrated the difficulty of accurately predicting the structural behavior of the tang-clevis joint. Stresses in the vicinity of the connecting pins, obtained from elastic analyses, considerably exceed the material yield allowables indicating that inelastic analyses are probably necessary. Two modifications have been proposed to control the relative motion between the inner clevis arm and the tang at the O-ring sealing surface. One modification, referred to as the capture feature, uses additional material on the inside of the tang to restrict motion of the inner clevis arm. The other modification uses external stiffening rings above and below the joint to control the local bending in the shell near the joint. Both of these modifications are shown to be effective in controlling the relative motion in the joint.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Journal of Propulsion and Power (ISSN 0748-4658); 4; 317-327
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 26; 344-352
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 26; 446-453
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Computational mechanics is that discipline of applied science and engineering devoted to the study of physical phenomena by means of computational methods based on mathematical modeling and simulation, utilizing digital computers. The discipline combines theoretical and applied mechanics, approximation theory, numerical analysis, and computer science. Computational mechanics has had a major impact on engineering analysis and design. When applied to structural mechanics, the discipline is referred to herein as computational structural mechanics. Complex structures being considered by NASA for the 1990's include composite primary aircraft structures and the space station. These structures will be much more difficult to analyze than today's structures and necessitate a major upgrade in computerized structural analysis technology. NASA has initiated a research activity in structural analysis called Computational Structural Mechanics (CSM). The broad objective of the CSM activity is to develop advanced structural analysis technology that will exploit modern and emerging computers, such as those with vector and/or parallel processing capabilities. Here, the current research directions for the Methods and Application Studies Team of the Langley CSM activity are described.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA Workshop on Computational Structural Mechanics 1987, Part 2; p 521-570
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: Research activities in global/local stress analysis are described including both two- and three-dimensional analysis methods. These methods are being developed within a common structural analysis framework. Representative structural analysis problems are presented to demonstrate the global/local methodologies being developed.
    Keywords: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Type: Eighth DOD(NASA)FAA Conference on Fibrous Composites in Structural Design, Part 1; p 281-309
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The problem of calculating detailed stress distributions around discontinuities in buckled, composite structural components for use with the various analytical failure prediction techniques has not been thoroughly explored. The purpose here is the application of computational methods to the detailed stress analysis problem which is the focus of this session of the workshop. One approach to uncovering the difficulties of this type of analysis and to providing specific directions for future research in this area is a direct attack on the problem using currently available analysis tools. A candidate problem has been selected and experiences from calculating its structural response are described.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Computational Methods for Structural Mechanics and Dynamics, Part 1; p 51-65
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A design strategy for optimal design of composite grid-stiffened cylinders subjected to global and local buckling constraints and, strength constraints is developed using a discrete optimizer based on a genetic algorithm. An improved smeared stiffener theory is used for the global analysis. Local buckling of skin segments are assessed using a Rayleigh-Ritz method that accounts for material anisotropy. The local buckling of stiffener segments are also assessed. Constraints on the axial membrane strain in the skin and stiffener segments are imposed to include strength criteria in the grid-stiffened cylinder design. Design variables used in this study are the axial and transverse stiffener spacings, stiffener height and thickness, skin laminate stacking sequence, and stiffening configuration, where herein stiffening configuration is a design variable that indicates the combination of axial, transverse, and diagonal stiffener in the grid-stiffened cylinder. The design optimization process is adapted to identify the best suited stiffening configurations and stiffener spacings for grid-stiffened composite cylinder with the length and radius of the cylinder, the design in-plane loads, and material properties as inputs. The effect of having axial membrane strain constraints in the skin and stiffener segments in the optimization process is also studied for selected stiffening configuration.
    Keywords: Structural Mechanics
    Type: AIAA Paper 97-1402 , Stability Analysis of Plates and Shells; 357-370; NASA/CP-1998-206280
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Today high-performance computing systems and new analytical and numerical techniques enable engineers to explore the use of advanced materials for shell design. This paper reviews some of the historical developments of shell buckling analysis and design. The paper concludes by identifying key research directions for reliable and robust methods development in shell stability analysis and design.
    Keywords: Structural Mechanics
    Type: AIAA Paper 97-1076 , Stability Analysis of Plates and Shells; 31-46; NASA/CP-1998-206280
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An improved four-node quadrilateral assumed-stress hybrid shell element with drilling degrees of freedom is presented. The formulation is based on Hellinger-Reissner variational principle and the shape functions are formulated directly for the four-node element. The element has 12 membrane degrees of freedom and 12 bending degrees of freedom. It has nine independent stress parameters to describe the membrane stress resultant field and 13 independent stress parameters to describe the moment and transverse shear stress resultant field. The formulation encompasses linear stress, linear buckling, and linear free vibration problems. The element is validated with standard tests cases and is shown to be robust. Numerical results are presented for linear stress, buckling, and free vibration analyses.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-192816 , NAS 1.26:192816
    Format: application/pdf
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