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  • Gene Expression  (12)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (12)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • 2020-2023
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (12)
  • 1991  (12)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (12)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science
  • National Academy of Sciences
Years
  • 2020-2023
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (12)
Year
  • 1
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    Identification of a gene located at chromosome 5q21 that is mutated in colorectal cancers (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-15
    Description: Recent studies have suggested the existence of a tumor suppressor gene located at chromosome region 5q21. DNA probes from this region were used to study a panel of sporadic colorectal carcinomas. One of these probes, cosmid 5.71, detected a somatically rearranged restriction fragment in the DNA from a single tumor. Further analysis of the 5.71 cosmid revealed two regions that were highly conserved in rodent DNA. These sequences were used to identify a gene, MCC (mutated in colorectal cancer), which encodes an 829-amino acid protein with a short region of similarity to the G protein-coupled m3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. The rearrangement in the tumor disrupted the coding region of the MCC gene. Moreover, two colorectal tumors were found with somatically acquired point mutations in MCC that resulted in amino acid substitutions. MCC is thus a candidate for the putative colorectal tumor suppressor gene located at 5q21. Further studies will be required to determine whether the gene is mutated in other sporadic tumors or in the germ line of patients with an inherited predisposition to colonic tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kinzler, K W -- Nilbert, M C -- Vogelstein, B -- Bryan, T M -- Levy, D B -- Smith, K J -- Preisinger, A C -- Hamilton, S R -- Hedge, P -- Markham, A -- 6M 07184/PHS HHS/ -- CA 06973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 09243/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 15;251(4999):1366-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD 21231.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1848370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*genetics ; Exons ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Oligonucleotides/chemistry ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; *Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Identification of FAP locus genes from chromosome 5q21 (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-08-09
    Description: Recent studies suggest that one or more genes on chromosome 5q21 are important for the development of colorectal cancers, particularly those associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). To facilitate the identification of genes from this locus, a portion of the region that is tightly linked to FAP was cloned. Six contiguous stretches of sequence (contigs) containing approximately 5.5 Mb of DNA were isolated. Subclones from these contigs were used to identify and position six genes, all of which were expressed in normal colonic mucosa. Two of these genes (APC and MCC) are likely to contribute to colorectal tumorigenesis. The MCC gene had previously been identified by virtue of its mutation in human colorectal tumors. The APC gene was identified in a contig initiated from the MCC gene and was found to encode an unusually large protein. These two closely spaced genes encode proteins predicted to contain coiled-coil regions. Both genes were also expressed in a wide variety of tissues. Further studies of MCC and APC and their potential interaction should prove useful for understanding colorectal neoplasia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kinzler, K W -- Nilbert, M C -- Su, L K -- Vogelstein, B -- Bryan, T M -- Levy, D B -- Smith, K J -- Preisinger, A C -- Hedge, P -- McKechnie, D -- CA06973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA35494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA44688/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Aug 9;253(5020):661-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1651562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenomatous Polyposis Coli/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Colon/physiology ; Colonic Neoplasms/genetics ; Exons ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscles/physiology ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Probability ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Cholinergic/physiology ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Identification of Ets- and notch-related subunits in GA binding protein (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-08-16
    Description: Recombinant cDNA clones that encode two distinct subunits of the transcription factor GA binding protein (GABP) have been isolated. The predicted amino acid sequence of one subunit, GABP alpha, exhibits similarity to the sequence of the product of the ets-1 protooncogene in a region known to encompass the Ets DNA binding domain. The sequence of the second subunit, GABP beta, contains four 33-amino acid repeats located close to the NH2-terminus of the subunit. The sequences of these repeats are similar to repeats in several transmembrane proteins, including Notch from Drosophila melanogaster and Glp-1 and Lin-12 from Caenorhabditis elegans. Avid, sequence-specific binding to DNA required the presence of both polypeptides, revealing a conceptual convergence of nuclear transforming proteins and membrane-anchored proteins implicated in developmentally regulated signal transduction processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉LaMarco, K -- Thompson, C C -- Byers, B P -- Walton, E M -- McKnight, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Aug 16;253(5021):789-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Research Laboratories, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21210.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1876836" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*chemistry/genetics ; GA-Binding Protein Transcription Factor ; Gene Expression ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Peptides/chemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/chemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins ; Transcription Factors/*chemistry/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Vaccinia virus: a tool for research and vaccine development (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-06-21
    Description: Vaccinia virus is no longer needed for smallpox immunization, but now serves as a useful vector for expressing genes within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. As a research tool, recombinant vaccinia viruses are used to synthesize biologically active proteins and analyze structure-function relations, determine the targets of humoral- and cell-mediated immunity, and investigate the immune responses needed for protection against specific infectious diseases. When more data on safety and efficacy are available, recombinant vaccinia and related poxviruses may be candidates for live vaccines and for cancer immunotherapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jun 21;252(5013):1662-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2047875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteriophages/genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Engineering/methods ; *Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins ; *Vaccines, Synthetic ; *Vaccinia virus/genetics/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Functional contribution of neuronal AChR subunits revealed by antisense oligonucleotides (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-12-06
    Description: Although multiple related genes encoding nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subunits have been identified, how each of these subunits contributes to AChRs in neurons is not known. Sympathetic neurons express four classes of AChR channels and six AChR subunit genes (alpha 3, alpha 4, alpha 5, alpha 7, beta 2, and beta 4). The contribution of individual subunits to AChR channel subtypes in these neurons was examined by selective deletion with antisense oligonucleotides. An alpha 3 antisense oligonucleotide decreased the number and altered the properties of the normally expressed ACh-activated channels. The remaining AChR channels have distinct biophysical and pharmacological properties that indicate an important functional contribution of the alpha 7 subunit.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2366811/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2366811/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Listerud, M -- Brussaard, A B -- Devay, P -- Colman, D R -- Role, L W -- NS 29071/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS27680/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-09/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-10/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-11/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-12/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-13/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-13S1/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-14/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-15/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-16/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS029071-17/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Dec 6;254(5037):1518-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1720573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bungarotoxins/pharmacology ; Chick Embryo ; Gene Expression ; Ion Channel Gating ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Nicotinic/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Complementary DNA sequencing: expressed sequence tags and human genome project (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-06-21
    Description: Automated partial DNA sequencing was conducted on more than 600 randomly selected human brain complementary DNA (cDNA) clones to generate expressed sequence tags (ESTs). ESTs have applications in the discovery of new human genes, mapping of the human genome, and identification of coding regions in genomic sequences. Of the sequences generated, 337 represent new genes, including 48 with significant similarity to genes from other organisms, such as a yeast RNA polymerase II subunit; Drosophila kinesin, Notch, and Enhancer of split; and a murine tyrosine kinase receptor. Forty-six ESTs were mapped to chromosomes after amplification by the polymerase chain reaction. This fast approach to cDNA characterization will facilitate the tagging of most human genes in a few years at a fraction of the cost of complete genomic sequencing, provide new genetic markers, and serve as a resource in diverse biological research fields.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, M D -- Kelley, J M -- Gocayne, J D -- Dubnick, M -- Polymeropoulos, M H -- Xiao, H -- Merril, C R -- Wu, A -- Olde, B -- Moreno, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jun 21;252(5013):1651-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Receptor Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2047873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Automation ; *Base Sequence ; Brain/*physiology ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/*genetics ; Gene Expression ; *Gene Library ; *Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Primary structure and functional activity of a phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-04-19
    Description: A phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D (PI-G PLD) that specifically hydrolyzes the inositol phosphate linkage in proteins anchored by phosphatidylinositol-glycans (PI-Gs) has recently been purified from human and bovine sera. The primary structure of bovine PI-G PLD has now been determined and the functional activity of the enzyme has been studied. Expression of PI-G PLD complementary DNA in COS cells produced a protein that specifically hydrolyzed the inositol phosphate linkage of the PI-G anchor. Cotransfection of PI-G PLD with a PI-G-anchored protein resulted in the secretion of the PI-G-anchored protein. The results suggest that the expression of PI-G PLD may influence the expression and location of PI-G-anchored proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scallon, B J -- Fung, W J -- Tsang, T C -- Li, S -- Kado-Fong, H -- Huang, K S -- Kochan, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Apr 19;252(5004):446-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular/Cellular Biology and Biochemistry, Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, NJ 07110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2017684" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression ; Glycosylphosphatidylinositols ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry ; Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism ; Phospholipase D/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Polysaccharides/metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transfection ; Trypsin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Organizer-specific homeobox genes in Xenopus laevis embryos (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-07-12
    Description: The dorsal blastopore lip of the early Xenopus laevis gastrula can organize a complete secondary body axis when transplanted to another embryo. A search for potential gene regulatory components specifically expressed in the organizer was undertaken that resulted in the identification of four types of complementary DNAs from homeobox-containing genes that fulfill this criterion. The most abundant of these encodes a DNA-binding specificity similar to that of the Drosophila melanogaster anterior morphogen bicoid. The other three are also homologous to developmentally significant Drosophila genes. These four genes may participate in the regulation of the developmental potential of the organizer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blumberg, B -- Wright, C V -- De Robertis, E M -- Cho, K W -- HD-07273/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-21502/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jul 12;253(5016):194-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1677215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Northern ; DNA/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*physiology ; Embryonic Induction ; Gene Expression ; Gene Library ; *Genes, Homeobox ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphogenesis ; Oligonucleotides/chemistry ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Xenopus laevis/*embryology/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Molecular cloning of an invertebrate glutamate receptor subunit expressed in Drosophila muscle (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-10-04
    Description: Insects and other invertebrates use glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and at the neuromuscular junction. A complementary DNA from Drosophila melanogaster, designated DGluR-II, has been isolated that encodes a distant homolog of the cloned mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptor family and is expressed in somatic muscle tissue of Drosophila embryos. Electrophysiological recordings made in Xenopus oocytes that express DGluR-II revealed depolarizing responses to L-glutamate and L-aspartate but low sensitivity to quisqualate, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA), and kainate. The DGluR-II protein may represent a distinct glutamate receptor subtype, which shares its structural design with other members of the ionotropic glutamate receptor family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schuster, C M -- Ultsch, A -- Schloss, P -- Cox, J A -- Schmitt, B -- Betz, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Oct 4;254(5028):112-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Zentrum fur Molekulare Biologie, Universitat Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1681587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/physiology ; Gene Expression ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscles/*physiology ; Oligonucleotides/chemistry ; Receptors, Glutamate ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*genetics/physiology ; Sequence Alignment
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Viral persistence in neurons explained by lack of major histocompatibility class I expression (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-13
    Description: Viruses frequently persist in neurons, suggesting that these cells can evade immune surveillance. In a mouse model, 5 x 10(6) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), did not lyse infected neurons or cause immunopathologic injury. In contrast, intracerebral injection of less than 10(3) CTL caused disease and death when viral antigens were expressed on leptomeningeal and choroid plexus cells of the nervous system. The neuronal cell line OBL21 expresses little or no major histocompatibility (MHC) class I surface glycoproteins and when infected with LCMV, resisted lysis by virus-specific CTLs. Expression of MHC heavy chain messenger RNA was limited, but beta 2-microglobulin messenger RNA and protein was made normally. OBL21 cells were made sensitive to CTL lysis by transfection with a fusion gene encoding another MHC class I molecule. Hence, neuronal cells probably evade immune surveillance by failing to express MHC class I molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Joly, E -- Mucke, L -- Oldstone, M B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 13;253(5025):1283-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, CA 92037.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1891717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acute Disease ; Animals ; Brain/immunology/*microbiology ; Cell Line ; Chronic Disease ; Gene Expression ; *Genes, MHC Class I ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/analysis ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis/*immunology ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/immunology/*pathogenicity ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neurons/immunology/*microbiology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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