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  • Articles  (3,860)
  • Springer Nature  (2,046)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (1,224)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)  (590)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • PANGAEA
  • 1990-1994  (1,048)
  • 1980-1984  (1,486)
  • 1960-1964  (1,240)
  • 1930-1934  (86)
  • 1994  (1,048)
  • 1983  (743)
  • 1981  (743)
  • 1963  (659)
  • 1962  (581)
  • 1930  (86)
  • Physics  (3,369)
  • Biology  (2,436)
Collection
  • Articles  (3,860)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1990-1994  (1,048)
  • 1980-1984  (1,486)
  • 1960-1964  (1,240)
  • 1930-1934  (86)
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  • 1
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    Complete DNA sequence of yeast chromosome XI (1994)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new cell for in situ X-ray diffraction studies of catalysts and other materials under reactive gas atmospheres (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 27 (1994), S. 585-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A novel cell for in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been designed and built. It allows the study of samples in flowing or static reactive gas environments at atmospheric pressure and at temperatures up to 1273 K. The sample is supported on a quartz-glass frit between two hemispherical heaters. The reactant gas mixture passes through the powder sample and is analysed on exit by quadrupole mass spectrometry and/or gas chromatography. Since all the reactants pass through the sample, the arrangement is particularly suitable for the study of catalysts. This instrument geometry also ensures that all the diffracting sample is in the same environment and gives high diffracted intensity, allowing the system to be used with a standard X-ray source and detector. A thermocouple placed in the sample provides an accurate measure of sample temperature; the temperature distribution across the sample is very uniform. Three examples of the use of the high-temperature cell for in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) are presented. These give some idea of the scope of experiments that can be performed in the apparatus. Two of the examples involve studies of catalysts in various gases, the other follows the course of a solid-state reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889893013597
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macromolecular crystallography with synchrotron radiation. II. Results (1983)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 16 (1983), S. 28-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Crystallographic data for three different protein crystals (glycogen phosphorylase b to 2 Å resolution, β-lactamase I to 2.5 Å resolution and troponin C to 6 Å resolution) have been recorded using the intense synchrotron radiation beam emitted by the DCI storage ring at LURE and the DORIS storage ring at DESY/EMBL. Reduction in exposure times of approximately 50-fold and an increase in crystal lifetime of at least fivefold are observed when data recorded at LURE are compared with those recorded with a conventional rotating-anode source. These factors have made possible data collection which otherwise would have been impossible. For large crystals of phosphorylase b a greater reduction in exposure time ( × 125) is made possible by the focusing geometry of the synchrotron-monochromator system which allowed irradiation of a larger volume of the crystal (collimator size increased from 0.3 to 1.0 mm) without significant increase in spot overlap on the film. The data processing statistics for phosphorylase b and β-lactamase compare favourably with those from data recorded on a conventional source (improvements in merging R values of between 1 and 4%). For phosphorylase b, but not for β-lactamase or troponin C, significant thermal diffuse scatter is observed on photographs recorded with synchrotron radiation. The possible origin of this phenomenon and its effect on data processing are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889883009917
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies on the mannose-specific lectin from Amaryllis bulbs (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 110-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Affinity-purified amaryllis lectin was used to grow single crystals using the hanging-drop method. The space group was found to be C2 with unit-cell dimensions a = 73.4 (1), b = 100.3 (1), c = 62.2 (1) Å and β = 137.3 (2)°. Data to 2.25 Å resolution have been recorded and solution of the structure is currently underway by means of molecular-replacement techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444993009564
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization studies of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) Tat protein and its trans-activation response element (TAR) RNA (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 527-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Small single crystals are reported of a complex between a small peptide fragment of the HIV-1 Tat protein and a fragment of the RNA to which it binds. Tat is responsible for enhancing the level of expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and is a logical target for AIDS therapy. Tat may function to increase the level of transcription initiation or to prevent premature termination of transcripts. In vitro, Tat binds through its basic domain (two Lys and six Arg in nine residues) to a three-nucleotide bulge of a stem-loop RNA structure called TAR. Complex formation between Tat and TAR is necessary for Tat activity. Peptides which contain the basic region of Tat also bind to TAR RNA. We have carried out crystallization experiments on a 27-nucleotide fragment of TAR RNA and on complexes between two Tat peptides and TAR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444994001289
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of a lipase from Chromobacterium viscosum (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 225-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Lipase from Chromobacterium viscosum has been purified to homogeneity and crystallized in a form suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis from 10-14% polyethylene glycol 4000 and 10-14% 2-methyl-2,4-pentane diol at pH 6.4 in the presence of 0.25%(w/v) n-octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside. These crystals belong to space group P21212 with refined lattice constants a = 41.1 Å, b= 156.8, c = 43.6 Å, indicating a cell content of one monomer per asymmetric unit of the crystal. The crystals diffract to a resolution of 2.2 Å.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444993009941
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultivation of a filamentous mold in a glass pilot-scale airlift fermentor (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 863-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Results of pilot plant studies using a glass airlift fermentation device (55 liter fermentation volume) have proven the relative merits of such a system in the fermentation of a filamentous mold, Monascus purpureus, on 4% (w/w) starch media. The resultant overall yield of cell mass (Yx/s) of 0.38 was an appreciable increase over the 0.32 obtained with a pilot scale stirred tank fermentor previously studied. Power requirements of the airlift fermentor were approximately 50% of those for the mechanically agitated system. The lack of mechanical shear in the airlift system provides a more gentle environment or the cultivation of organisms than does the high degree of shear prevalent in the mechanically agitated vessels. Mass transfer of oxygen to the aqueous phase of the fermentation volume is improved significantly through use of the airlift device. Mass transfer coefficients in the range of 200 reciprocal hr were obtained to approximately 80 reciprocal hr in the stirred tank fermentor.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230416
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    J-R curve calculation with the normalization method for toughened polymers (1994)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 128-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The method of normalization is used to develop the J-R curve fracture toughness characterization for polymeric materials. This method can develop J-R curves directly from load vs. displacement records without a need for an on-line crack monitoring system. It was used previously to develop J-R curves for metallic materials and is applied here for the first time to polymer materials. Single edge notched bend specimens of rubber toughened nylon 6/6 and rubber toughened amorphous nylon are used in this study. The J-R curves from the method of normalization are compared with the results obtained from the multiple specimen method of ASTM Standard E813. The results show that the method of normalization gives reasonable J-R curves; both methods show agreement over the early J-R curve region. In addition the JIc values are determined for each method and compared. Based on this work it is suggested that the method of normalization could be used as a general test method to develop J-R curves for polymeric materials.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760340209
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nongenomic regulation of extracellular matrix events by vitamin D metabolites (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 56 (1994), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: 1,25-(OH)2D3 ; 24,25-(OH)2D3 ; matrix vesicles ; nongenomic regulation ; extracellular matrix ; alkaline phosphatase ; phospholipase A2 ; Protein kinase C ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Vitamin D metabolites appear to regulate chondrocytes and osteoblasts via a combination of genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. Specificity of the nongenomic response to either 1,25-(OH)2D3 or 24, 25-(OH)2D3 may be conferred by the chemical composition of the target membrane and its fluid mosaic structure, by the presence of specific membrane receptors, or by the interaction with classic Vitamin D receptors. Nongenomic effects have been shown to include changes in membrane fluidity, fatty acid acylation and reacylation, arachidonic acid metabolism and prostaglandin production, calcium ion flux, and protein kinaase C activity. Chondrocytes metabolize 25-(OH)D3 to 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3; production of these metabolites is regulated by both growth factors and hormones and is dependent on the state of cell maturation. 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3 may interact directly with extracellular matix vesicles to regulate their function in the matrix, including protease activity, resulting in matrix modefication and calcification. Isolated matrix vesicles, produced by growth zone chondrocytes, can activate latent transforming growth factor-β when incubated with exogenous 1,25-(OH)2D3. These observations suggest that nongenomic regulation of martix vesicle structure and function may be a mechanism by which mesenchymal cells, like osteoblasts and chndrocytes, may modulate events in the extracellular matrix at sites distant from the cell surace.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240560309
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deterioration of plastic films under soil burial conditionsIssued as N.R.C.C. # 18807. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 509-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The deterioration of polyolefin, poly(ethylene terephthalate), and polyamide films under soil burial conditions extending up to 32 months has been investigated. Based on changes in their elongation at break, the films can be ranked in order of increasing sensitivity to degradation: Polyester ≃ polypropylene 〈 low-density polyethylene ≃ high-density polyethylene 〈 nylon 6.6. The degraded nylon 6.6 and polyethylene films were characterized by infrared and luminescence spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, as well as by wet analysis for hydroperoxides. From a comparison with the well-known oxidative sensitivity of nylon 6.6 in oxygenated water at slightly elevated temperatures, the rapid deterioration of nylon 6.6 film during soil burial was also concluded to be an oxidative process. The somewhat smaller, but significant, embrittlement of the polyethylenes studied could not be simply explained by thermal oxidation (with only trace oxidation products detectable) or microbiological attack (deterioration being unaffected by surface activation to enhance wettability).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260211
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