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  • Humans  (5.414)
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  • 1
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    Concerns about quadrupole ICP-MS lead isotopic data and interpretations in the environment and health fields (2018)
    MDPI AG
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-25
    Beschreibung: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15 (2018): 723, doi:10.3390/ijerph15040723.
    Beschreibung: There has been a massive increase in recent years of the use of lead (Pb) isotopes in attempts to better understand sources and pathways of Pb in the environment and in man or experimental animals. Unfortunately, there have been many cases where the quality of the isotopic data, especially that obtained by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS), are questionable, resulting in questionable identification of potential sources, which, in turn, impacts study interpretation and conclusions. We present several cases where the isotopic data have compromised interpretation because of the use of only the major isotopes 208Pb/206Pb and 207Pb/206Pb, or their graphing in other combinations. We also present some examples comparing high precision data from thermal ionization (TIMS) or multi-collector plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) to illustrate the deficiency in the Q-ICP-MS data. In addition, we present cases where Pb isotopic ratios measured on Q-ICP-MS are virtually impossible for terrestrial samples. We also evaluate the Pb isotopic data for rat studies, which had concluded that Pb isotopic fractionation occurs between different organs and suggest that this notion of biological fractionation of Pb as an explanation for isotopic differences is not valid. Overall, the brief review of these case studies shows that Q-ICP-MS as commonly practiced is not a suitable technique for precise and accurate Pb isotopic analysis in the environment and health fields
    Schlagwort(e): Lead isotopes ; ICP-MS ; TIMS ; MC-ICP-MS ; Environment ; Humans ; Rats ; Fractionation
    Repository-Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Materialart: Article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    HIV-1 diversity and vaccine development (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-07-02
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nabel, Gary -- Makgoba, William -- Esparza, Jose -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 28;296(5577):2335.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12090274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *AIDS Vaccines/immunology ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Developing Countries ; *Genetic Variation ; HIV Antibodies/immunology ; HIV Infections/epidemiology/immunology/prevention & control ; HIV-1/*genetics/*immunology ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    The development of electroporation (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-01-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heller, Richard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 11;295(5553):277.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11789539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Electroporation ; Genetic Therapy/*methods ; Humans ; Transfection/*methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Cancer. BRCA2 enters the fray (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-09-14
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, John H -- Elledge, Stephen J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 13;297(5588):1822-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; BRCA1 Protein/metabolism ; BRCA2 Protein/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA Damage ; *DNA Repair ; DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Female ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Genes, BRCA2 ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Mice ; Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Rad51 Recombinase ; Rats ; Recombination, Genetic ; Replication Protein A
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Genetics. Please don't call it cloning! (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-02-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogelstein, Bert -- Alberts, Bruce -- Shine, Kenneth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Feb 15;295(5558):1237.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA. vogelbe@welch.jhu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11847324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Bioethical Issues ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Organism/legislation & jurisprudence ; Embryo Research ; Embryo, Mammalian/*cytology ; Humans ; *Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; *Stem Cells ; *Terminology as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Transcription. Unlocking the gates to gene expression (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-03-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fry, Christopher J -- Peterson, Craig L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 8;295(5561):1847-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. craig.peterson@umassmed.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11884741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetylation ; Acetyltransferases/*metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Chromatin/chemistry/*metabolism ; Enterocytes/cytology/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Fungal ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon-beta/genetics ; Models, Genetic ; Nucleosomes/chemistry/*metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Lab v. field: the case for studying real-life bugs (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-10-05
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Enserink, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):92-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Animals, Genetically Modified ; *Anopheles/genetics/parasitology/physiology ; Behavior, Animal ; Biological Evolution ; *Culicidae/genetics/parasitology/physiology ; Ecology ; Genetics, Population ; Genome ; Humans ; *Insect Vectors/genetics/parasitology/physiology ; Malaria/prevention & control/transmission ; Molecular Biology ; Mosquito Control ; Plasmodium/physiology ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sexual Behavior, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Genomics. Gene duplication and evolution (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-08-10
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lynch, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 9;297(5583):945-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. mlynch@bio.indiana.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12169715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human/genetics ; *Gene Duplication ; Gene Rearrangement ; Gene Silencing ; *Genes, Duplicate ; *Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Visualization and functional analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase lattices (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-06-22
    Beschreibung: Positive-strand RNA viruses such as poliovirus replicate their genomes on intracellular membranes of their eukaryotic hosts. Electron microscopy has revealed that purified poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase forms planar and tubular oligomeric arrays. The structural integrity of these arrays correlates with cooperative RNA binding and RNA elongation and is sensitive to mutations that disrupt intermolecular contacts predicted by the polymerase structure. Membranous vesicles isolated from poliovirus-infected cells contain structures consistent with the presence of two-dimensional polymerase arrays on their surfaces during infection. Therefore, host cytoplasmic membranes may function as physical foundations for two-dimensional polymerase arrays, conferring the advantages of surface catalysis to viral RNA replication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lyle, John M -- Bullitt, Esther -- Bienz, Kurt -- Kirkegaard, Karla -- AI-42119/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 21;296(5576):2218-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12077417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Inclusion Bodies, Viral/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Poliovirus/*enzymology/physiology ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA Replicase/*chemistry/isolation & purification/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; RNA, Viral/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Viral Core Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Chemical synthesis of poliovirus cDNA: generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-07-13
    Beschreibung: Full-length poliovirus complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized by assembling oligonucleotides of plus and minus strand polarity. The synthetic poliovirus cDNA was transcribed by RNA polymerase into viral RNA, which translated and replicated in a cell-free extract, resulting in the de novo synthesis of infectious poliovirus. Experiments in tissue culture using neutralizing antibodies and CD155 receptor-specific antibodies and neurovirulence tests in CD155 transgenic mice confirmed that the synthetic virus had biochemical and pathogenic characteristics of poliovirus. Our results show that it is possible to synthesize an infectious agent by in vitro chemical-biochemical means solely by following instructions from a written sequence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cello, Jeronimo -- Paul, Aniko V -- Wimmer, Eckard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 9;297(5583):1016-8. Epub 2002 Jul 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5222, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12114528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Capsid/metabolism ; Cell-Free System ; DNA, Complementary/*chemical synthesis/genetics ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/genetics ; Female ; *Genome, Viral ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Male ; *Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neutralization Tests ; Poliomyelitis/virology ; *Poliovirus/genetics/immunology/pathogenicity/physiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Viral/*chemical synthesis/genetics/physiology ; Receptors, Virus/genetics/immunology/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Viral Plaque Assay ; Viral Proteins ; Virulence ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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