ALBERT

Description: Ecological intensification, or the improvement of crop yield through enhancement of biodiversity, may be a sustainable pathway toward greater food supplies. Such sustainable increases may be especially important for the 2 billion people reliant on small farms, many of which are undernourished, yet we know little about the efficacy of this approach. Using a coordinated protocol across regions and crops, we quantify to what degree enhancing pollinator density and richness can improve yields on 344 fields from 33 pollinator-dependent crop systems in small and large farms from Africa, Asia, and Latin America. For fields less than 2 hectares, we found that yield gaps could be closed by a median of 24% through higher flower-visitor density. For larger fields, such benefits only occurred at high flower-visitor richness. Worldwide, our study demonstrates that ecological intensification can create synchronous biodiversity and yield outcomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garibaldi, Lucas A -- Carvalheiro, Luisa G -- Vaissiere, Bernard E -- Gemmill-Herren, Barbara -- Hipolito, Juliana -- Freitas, Breno M -- Ngo, Hien T -- Azzu, Nadine -- Saez, Agustin -- Astrom, Jens -- An, Jiandong -- Blochtein, Betina -- Buchori, Damayanti -- Chamorro Garcia, Fermin J -- Oliveira da Silva, Fabiana -- Devkota, Kedar -- Ribeiro, Marcia de Fatima -- Freitas, Leandro -- Gaglianone, Maria C -- Goss, Maria -- Irshad, Mohammad -- Kasina, Muo -- Pacheco Filho, Alipio J S -- Kiill, Lucia H Piedade -- Kwapong, Peter -- Parra, Guiomar Nates -- Pires, Carmen -- Pires, Viviane -- Rawal, Ranbeer S -- Rizali, Akhmad -- Saraiva, Antonio M -- Veldtman, Ruan -- Viana, Blandina F -- Witter, Sidia -- Zhang, Hong -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 22;351(6271):388-91. doi: 10.1126/science.aac7287.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecologia y Desarrollo Rural (IRNAD), Sede Andina, Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro (UNRN) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Mitre 630, CP 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. lgaribaldi@unrn.edu.ar. ; Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasilia, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia - DF, 70910-900, Brazil; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal & Naturalis Biodiversity Center, postbus 9517, 2300, RA, Leiden, Netherlands. ; Institut national de la recherche agronomique, UR406 Abeilles et Environnement, 228 route de l'Aerodrome, CS40509, F84914, Avignon Cedex 9, France. ; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00153, Rome, Italy. ; Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Rua Barao de Geremoabo, S/N, Campus de Ondina, CEP 40170110, Salvador, BA, Brazil. ; Departamento de Zootecnia-Centro de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Campus Universitario do Pici, CEP 60021970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. ; IPBES Secretariat, Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), UN Campus, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1, D-53113, Bonn, Germany. ; Laboratorio Ecotono, Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente, Quintral 1250, CP 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. ; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Post Office Box 5685 Sluppen, NO-7485, Trondheim, Norway. ; Key Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China. ; Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP 90619900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. ; Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. Jln. Kamper, Darmaga, Bogor, 16680, West Java, Indonesia. ; Laboratorio investigaciones en Abejas (LABUN), Departamento de Biologia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogota, CP11001, Bogota, Colombia. ; Departamento de Educacao em Ciencias Agrarias e da Terra, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Campus do Sertao, Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto. Silos KM 0, CEP 49680000, Nossa Senhora da Gloria, SE, Brazil. ; Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. ; Embrapa Semiarido, BR 428, Km 152, C.P. 23, zona rural, CEP 56302970, Petrolina, PE, Brazil. ; Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ), Rua Pacheco Leao 915, CEP 22460030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ; Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 28013620, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil. ; University of Zimbabwe, Faculty of Agriculture, Crop Science Department, Post Office Box MP167, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe. ; Conservation and Management of Pollinators for Sustainable Agriculture through Ecosystem Approach project, Honey Bee Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Post Office Box 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan. ; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation-Sericulture, Post Office Box 7816 code 01000 Thika, Kenya. ; College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. ; Embrapa Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estacao Biologica, W5 Norte (final), CEP 70770917, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. ; Instituto do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hidricos (INEMA)-UR Extremo Sul, Rua Viena, no. 425, Bairro Dinnah Borges, CEP 45820970, Eunapolis, BA, Brazil. ; G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora-263 643, Uttarakhand. India. ; Department of Plant Pest Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia. ; Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola Politecnica, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto Travessa 3, n.158, CEP 05508010, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. ; South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Private Bag X7, Claremont, 7735, South Africa. Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602, Matieland, South Africa. ; Centro de Pesquisa Emilio Schenk, Fundacao Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Fepagro Vale do Taquari), 1 degrees Distrito, Fonte Grande, Caixa Postal 12, CEP 95860000, Taquari, RS, Brazil.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26798016" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉