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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (3,829)
  • 2020-2020
  • 1980-1984  (1,279)
  • 1970-1974  (2,550)
  • 1925-1929
Collection
Keywords
Years
Year
  • 101
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    Photographic astrometry and overlap reduction techniques (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: Rigorous adjustment algorithms are discussed which extract hidden information contained in overlapping photographs of star fields. In particular, the development of adequate physical and statistical models is emphasized.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Univ. of South Fla. Conf. on Phot. Astrometric Technique; p 209-218
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  • 102
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    Plate measurement techniques and reduction methods used by the West German satellite observers, and resulting consequences for the observation (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: The West German tracking stations are equipped with ballistic cameras. Plate measurement and plate reduction must therefore follow photogrammetric methods. Approximately 100 star positions and 200 satellite positions are measured on each plate. The mathematical model for spatial rotation of the bundle of rays is extended by including terms for distortion and internal orientation of the camera as well as by providing terms for refraction which are computed for the measured coordinates of the star positions on the plate. From the measuring accuracy of the plate coordinates it follows that the timing accuracy for the exposures has to be about one millisecond, in order to obtain a homogeneous system.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Univ. of South Fla. Conf. on Phot. Astrometric Technique; p 155-160
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  • 103
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    A lightweight bimetallic actuator for spacecraft thermal control (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: The design, development, and construction of two types of active thermal-control systems are described. These designs are based on the controlled angular deflections of spiral-wound bimetallic actuators. The use of these actuators and lightweight louvers results in a frictionless system that is low in weight yet simple in design and low in cost. Both designs exhibit high reliability, good performance repeatability, and do not require power from the spacecraft. Design philosophy and implementation, design tradeoffs, and materials selection are reviewed. The test program is described, and results are presented.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 5th Aerospace Mech. Symp.; p 165-170
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  • 104
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    Damper design from a structural engineer's point of view (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: A nonlinear structural analysis, employing the nonlinear damper characteristics obtained from a damper test, was successfully performed on the Mariner spacecraft's solar-panel system, and the result was compared with results from a system-level spacecraft test in which some solar-panel tip dampers bottomed at a certain frequency. The analysis showed that the damper bottoming was attributable to a jump phenomenon that can result when a damper's response is not single-valued at some frequency.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 5th Aerospace Mech. Symp.; p 59-64
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  • 105
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    Nutation-damper design for dual-spin spacecraft (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: A dual-spin spacecraft is a spin-stabilized spacecraft consisting of two major structures. Momentum is stored in the spinning wheel, while the sail, or platform, can be despun at various rates about the spacecraft axis. Factors that affect the design of nutation-control systems for single- and dual-spin spacecraft are discussed. The nutation-control system of the Orbiting Solar Observatory spacecraft is described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 5th Aerospace Mech. Symp.; p 87-95
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  • 106
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    Structural design for large space telescopes (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Structural design for large spaceborne telescopes
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON OPT. TELESCOPE TECHNOL. 1970; P 351-357
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  • 107
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    One concept for a 3-meter class space telescope (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Design of 3 meter orbital telescope
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON OPT. TELESCOPE TECHNOL. 1970; P 55-64
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  • 108
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    The OAO series of space telescopes (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Structures and subsystems of space telescopes for OAO program
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: OPT. TELESCOPE TECHNOL. 1970; P 41-54
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  • 109
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    Degradation of mirror surfaces in a proton environment (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Proton degradation of aluminum mirror surfaces with overcoatings of magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: OPT. TELESCOPE TECHNOL. 1970; P 213-217
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  • 110
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    A combination shutter and filter-changing mechanism (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Combination shutter and filter changing mechanism of spacecraft vidicon camera operating on Mariner Mars 69 and 71 spacecraft
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: PROC. OF THE 4TH AEROSPACE MECH. SYMP. 15 JAN. 1970; P 75-81
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  • 111
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    Instrumentation and control (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Instrumentation and control subsystem for closed ecological life support system
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: TRADE-OFF STUDY AND CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS OF REGENERATIVE ADVANCED INTEGRATED LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS JAN. 1970; P 519-571
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  • 112
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    The performance and capabilities of recently developed Plumbicon TV camera pickup tubes (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-16
    Description: Performance characteristics of Plumbicon camera tube and flyback highlight-discharge electron gun
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, WASHINGTON OPT. TELESCOPE TECHNOL. 1970; P 571-582
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  • 113
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    Zodiacal light photography (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Polarized and red- and blue-filter photographs of zodiacal light obtained by Apollo 17 are analyzed. Attempts were made to identify the cause of subtle change in the observed light and determine the dust composition of the light. A comparison of red and blue images indicates such changes may be caused by particle size distribution and range, number of particles along any given line of sight, particle surface characteristics including dielectric compared to metallic properties, and variations of the parameters as a function of distance from the sun.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 3 p
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  • 114
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    Effect of photogrammetric reading error on slope-frequency distributions (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: The effect of reading error on two hypothetical slope frequency distributions and two slope frequency distributions from actual lunar data in order to ensure that these errors do not cause excessive overestimates of algebraic standard deviations for the slope frequency distributions. The errors introduced are insignificant when the reading error is small and the slope length is large. A method for correcting the errors in slope frequency distributions is presented and applied to 11 distributions obtained from Apollo 15, 16, and 17 panoramic camera photographs and Apollo 16 metric camera photographs.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 9 p
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  • 115
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    Near-terminator and earthshine photography (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Photographic results obtained during the Apollo 17 flight for the near terminator and earthshine conditions are discussed. Lunar surface photographs taken in the vicinity of the sunshine terminator provide important information that is not obtained on photographs taken at higher sun evaluation angles. Earthshine photography also provides data on low relief, crater morphology, and small scale structures. Examples of photographs of the lunar surface taken under both conditions are provided.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 7 p
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  • 116
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    Convective heating measurement by means of an infrared camera (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-18
    Description: The development of rapid and accurate wind tunnel techniques to measure convective heating distributions in complex reentry configurations is discussed. Major emphasis was put on the infrared camera technique. Its essence is the measurement of infrared emission from the surface of a wind tunnel model as a function of time. Prior calibration of the infrared camera relates the emission to the surface temperature of the model. The time history of the surface temperature can then be related to the heating rate by standard techniques. The output of the camera is an electrical signal that is tape-recorded in analog form, then digitized and processed by computer, so that automated and relatively rapid data reduction can be accomplished. In addition, the camera produces real-time visual displays of the infrared emission as pictures on an oscilloscope screen. These pictures give immediate indications of hot and cool spots on the model.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Space Shuttle Aerothermodyn. Technol. Conf., vol. 2; p 645-660
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  • 117
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    Analysis of the dynamics and frequency spectrum synthesis of an optical-mechanical scanning device (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: A two-coordinate optical-mechanical scanning device (OMSD), the operating unit of which is a scanning disk, with directional and focusing optics and a board, on which the data carrier is placed, is examined. The disk and board are kinematically connected by a transmission mechanism, consisting of a worm and complex gear drive and a tightening screw-nut with correcting device, and it is run by a synchronous type motor. The dynamic errors in the system depend, first, on irregularities in rotation of the disk, fluctuations in its axis and vibrations of the table in the plane parallel to the plane of the disk. The basic sources of the fluctuations referred to above are residual disbalance of the rotor and other rotating masses, the periodic component of the driving torque of the synchronous motor, variability in the resistance, kinematic errors in the drive and other things. The fluctuations can be transmitted to the operating units through the kinematic link as a flexural-torsional system, as well as through vibrations of the housing of the device.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 301-305
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  • 118
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    Experimental research on aerostatic suspensions (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: Suspensions for carrying out experimental investigations, for the purpose of studying a number of problems in dynamics and stability of a suspended cylindrical body at various dynamic loads were investigated in the work. The results of the experimental investigations served as a basis for building a stand with a variable resonator. The experimental stand for suspension of cylindrical object, with a comparatively high natural free vibration frequency in the vertical direction, coinciding with the axis of the suspended object, is distinguished by the possibility of regulating the size of the clearance and is intended for carrying out preliminary experimental studies, for the purpose of selection of optimum aerostatic suspension parameters.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 289-291
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  • 119
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    Measurement of the vibration of structures with a three-component vibration sensor (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: The effects of transverse waves and longitudinal displacements on transverse displacements in a plate are studied using a three component vibration sensor. Limitations of using the sensor in such measurements are: (1) sensor connection to the plate leads to changes in transverse displacement points on the plate surface, (2) the sensor has a finite magnitude of selectivity with respect to vibrations in the direction of the different channel axes, (3) longitudinal displacements of plate surface create restrictions on relative sensitivity of sensor to longitudinal-transverse waves, and (4) tranverse displacement of plate surface during longitudinal wave propagation also creates a restriction on sensor sensitivity to transverse waves.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 190-192
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  • 120
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    Vibrational sensitivity of a measuring instrument and methods of increasing the accuracy of its determinations (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: The properties and peculiarities of two groups of measuring systems reacting to vibrations are discussed. Specifically, results of the action of a three dimensional, cophasal, monoharmonic vibration on the linear system of a measuring instrument was analyzed. Data are also given on the connection between vibration sensitivity and vibration resistance for instruments, methods for estimating vibration resistance, and formulas for expressing test results of vibration resistance. Experimental data are also given for decreasing errors in nonlinear systems during vibrations.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 188-189
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  • 121
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    New principles of construction of electromechanical vibration inducers (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: Electromechanical vibration inducers with high reliability and low noise level were created to study premature operating losses in their support bearings. An investigation was also made of the feasibility of developing stable synchronous operation of two vibrational inducers, rigidily fastened to a solid body with and without flexible suspension.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 176-178
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  • 122
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    The use of correlation receiving systems for detection of noise sources at short distances (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: The use of a directional receiving system to detect noise sources masked by isotropic noise field interference at distances comparable with the distance between the two receivers, was discussed. Wide band noise was also examined. Results indicate the following limitations must be considered when using the method: (1) the system is directional only in the plane of the base, (2) directional power of the system is impaired with a decrease in the bandwidth of the noise source spectrum, (3) the system does not permit unambiguous determination of the direction to noise sources, located on both sides of the base line, and (4) the system has a comparatively low output signal-to-noise ratio.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 171-175
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  • 123
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    Distortion measurement of antennas under space simulation conditions with high accuracy and high resolution by means of holography (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The use of laser holography for measuring the distortion of antennas under space simulation conditions is described. The subject is the so-called double exposure procedure which allows to measure the distortion in the order of 1 to 30/micrometers + or - 0.5 per hologramme of an area of 4 m diameter max. The method of holography takes into account the constraints of the space simulation facility. The test method, the test set up and the constraints by the space simulation facility are described. The results of the performed tests are presented and compared with the theoretical predictions. The test on the K-Band Antenna e.g., showed a distortion of approximately 140/micrometers + or - 5/micrometers measured during the cool down from -10 C to -120 C.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center 13th Space Simulation Conf.; p 309-319
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  • 124
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    RIMSTAR: Rapid image scanning technology and archiving (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Conventional schemes for digitizing large volumes of photographic data are far too costly and time consuming to encourage the undertaking of the ambitious projects using traditional technology. There is a distinct need for fast digitizing systems such as could be derived from development of large format, optically multiplexed CCD systems designed to address these problems. The use of CCD chips for data handling and the capability of using polaroids in the optical path for reduced light scattering are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 419-427
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  • 125
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    Photographic surveys of the southern sky (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Parameters of the UK 1.2 meter Schmidt telescope are described. Plates taken with this instrument are in two categories, those for systematic sky surveys and those taken at the request of research users. A collaborative project with the European Southern Observatory was undertaken to obtain a two-color survey of the sky south of -20 deg declination to complement the Palomar survey. A near infrared survey of the Galactic Plane and the Megallanic Clouds is being done. The area south of -20 deg and the zone between 0 deg and -15 deg are also being surveyed. Pending a decision on survey parameters, all available A quality prism plates are being retained to form a basis for systematic survey. Nearly half the plates taken on a service basis for the UK astronomical community are to fulfill nonsurvey requests. Plates taken for surveys which are not of A grade quality are also made available for research purposes.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 379-385
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  • 126
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    The preparation of the measurements at the PDS at the Padova Observatory: Report on an experience with the development of an astronomical data base environment (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Some software facilities used mainly for information retrieval and analysis at the Padova-Asiago Observatory are discussed. These facilities help guest and resident astronomers to make easier the preparation of plate measurements. The problems connected with the creation, use and management of a data base in a scientific (astronomical) environment are reviewed on the basis of the experience gathered during the last three years. The development plan of the user session environment and its possible applications in a computer network are briefly sketched.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 361-369
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  • 127
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    Plans for a fast image recording system at ESO (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A 256 diode-array will be installed as detector on the ESO OPTRONICS S-3000 measuring machine in order to increase the acquisition rate. A high intensity LED will be used as light source in a pulse mode. The data will be stored on a random access mass storage device as density values for later education. The scanning time for a 30 cm x 30 cm plate with a step size of 10 micron will be less than 10 hours while the dynamic range of the data is expected to be 2.5 density units with an offset of at least 1 unit.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 317-328
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  • 128
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    The automated photographic measuring facility at Cambridge (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The design and performance of the automated photographic measuring facility at Cambridge is described. It consists of a precision laser scanning microdensitometer connected to a series of computers that process the data on-line. Plates up to 350 mm square can be measured. The microdensitometer samples the plate to 12 bit accuracy at a speed of 230,000 samples/second. The positional accuracy is better than a micron. Other features include platen rotation and automatic focus.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 277-288
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  • 129
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    Techniques of isophotometry (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The expected performance of the Minnesota automated dual-plate scanner (APS) is discussed with regard to photometry, position measurement accuracy, and ability to classify images. In addition, a fast algorithm for calculating image parameters is described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 267-276
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  • 130
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    The current status and future upgrade of the PDS at the Royal Greenwich Observatory (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Various aspects of the performance of the PDS 1010A microdensitometer are described. The primary points in an upgrade propsal for the unit are outlined. Photometric instabilities in the PDS are mentioned.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 129-134
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  • 131
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    Microdensitometer electronics modification (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Minor modifications of electronic components in the PDS 1010A microdensitometer are discussed. The operational requirements and performance limitations of the PDS are noted. Replacement of the photomultiplier and front-end analog circuitry significantly improved the photometric performance of the PDS. The improvement in density repeatability is marked, and the permissible density slew speed is greatly increased.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 121-128
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  • 132
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    Performance testing of the high altitude observatory PDS microdensitometer (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: High Altitude Observatory HAO microdensitometer undergoes monthly testing to assure its consistent performance. These tests check positional and photometric stability at the 10 micron aperture level. The HAO test procedure is designed to run without operator intervention following initial configuration of the microdensitometer for each subprocedure. Specialized test software is resident in the PDP 8. The operator selects the proper subprocedure by entering commands. Once computer control is established, it is not relinquished until the test is complete.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 19-34
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  • 133
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    Diagnosing a PDS microdensitometer (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A number of diagnostic tests are developed for the Photometric Data System PDS 2020G microdensitometer to monitor its performance and to isolate various electromechanical problems. A number of tests which help to diagnose problems with the photometer, positional accuracy and data collection are described. The tests include: (1) scanning a razor blade edge to study the response of the photometer and zero point losses in the coordinate system, (2) scanning a long straight line to evaluate the drunkness of the stage motions, (3) scanning photometric step wedge calibrations to study the response of the photometer, and (4) measurement of a series of high signal to noise plates of the same region of the sky to evaluate the overall performance of the microdensitometer. A variety of electronic tests to isolate electromechanical problems are also performed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 3-18
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  • 134
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    Ruled and holographic gratings experiment (A0138-5) (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The behavior of ruled and holographic gratings with various coatings after extended exposure to the space environments was examined. The coatings and differentiating between the influences of vacuum and solar illumination were examined. In the past, several ruled and holographic gratings with various coatings were successfully flown on rocket experiments. Future utilizations of such gratings are considered for the Space Telescope and for various Spacelab projects under development. The techniques which is used to replicate gratings can also be used to obtain a wide range of lightweight optical components, including sophisticated aspherical, highly polished mirrors.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF); p 163-164
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  • 135
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    Holographic data storage crystals for LDEF (A0044) (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Electro-optic holographic recording systems were developed. The spaceworthiness of electro-optic crystals for use in ultrahigh capacity space data storage and retrieval systems are examined. The crystals for this experiment are included with the various electro-optical components of LDEF experiment. The effects of long-duration exposure on active optical system components is investigated. The concept of data storage in an optical-phase holographic memory is illustrated.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF); p 152-153
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  • 136
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    Multiple-foil microabrasion package (A0023) (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The specific scientific objectives of this experiment are to measure the spatial distribution, size, velocity, radiance, and composition of microparticles in near-Earth space. The technological objectives are to measure erosion rates resulting from microparticle impacts and to evaluate thin-foil meteor 'bumpers'. The combinations of sensitivity and reliability in this experiment will provide up to 1000 impacts per month for laboratory analysis and will extend current sensitivity limits by 5 orders of magnitude in mass.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF); p 117-120
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  • 137
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    The use of film actinometry in low intensity ultraviolet irradiation measurement (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-26
    Description: High resolution film was used to measure solar ultraviolet irradiation at a wavelength of 254 nanometers between energy levels of 3 x 10 to the minus 7 power and 130 x 10 to the minus 7 power joules (3 and 130 ergs). The results imply that the film recorded exposure to energy levels from 2.5 to 13 times the expected values. These high values are being evaluated for the influences of other factors that could affect the recorded values.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of the Microbial Response to Space Environ. Symp.; p 155-168
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  • 138
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    Automated analysis of video data (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-07
    Description: A software/hardware system designed and developed to perform automated video imagery analysis is described. Major elements included in the analysis system are: (1) sampling oscilloscope; (2) programmable trigger unit; (3) central computer; and (4) software processing library. The function of the scope and trigger unit, in conjunction with the control computer, is to digitize the selected portion of the video image and store as amplitude and time data in computer memory. Evaluation of the video data, analogus to interpretation of a visual image, is accomplished by the processing software. It is indicated that this technique of video image analysis is applicable to a wide variety of nonaerospace applications involving video data and image analysis.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Chamber of Commerce Proc. of the 1st 1974 Technol. Transfer Conf.; p 181-188
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  • 139
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    Optical coatings for space astronomy (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-25
    Description: Magnesium fluoride- and lithium fluoride-optical coatings for aluminum mirror in space astronomy
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN SCI. AND TECHNOL. AT GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 1970; P 302-305
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  • 140
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    Cuvette loading and unloading procedures (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-26
    Description: The cuvettes for the flight hardware used in the Microbial Response to Space Environment Experiment (M191) were loaded with the biological test systems according to the methods described. After the flight, the experiment package was returned and dismantled. Then, the individual cuvettes were removed from the hardware and unloaded according to the procedures described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of the Microbial Response to Space Environ. Symp.; p 41-48
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  • 141
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    Description of the microbial ecology evaluation device, flight equipment, and ground transporter (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-26
    Description: Exposure of test systems in space required the fabrication of specialized hardware termed a Microbial Ecology Evaluation Device that had individual test chambers and a complex optical filter system. The characteristics of this device and the manner in which it was deployed in space are described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Proc. of the Microbial Response to Space Environ. Symp.; p 21-39
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  • 142
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    An electron beam recorder for space applications data (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-25
    Description: Optical electron beam recording system for ATS television camera
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN SCI. AND TECHNOL. AT GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 1970; P 350-353
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  • 143
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    An optical telescope for space astronomy (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-25
    Description: Design and performance of extreme ultraviolet optical telescope for space astronomy
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN SCI. AND TECHNOL. AT GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 1970; P 295-298
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  • 144
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    Multispectral terrain photography from Apollo 9 (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-25
    Description: Earth resources analyses by multispectral terrain photography with Apollo 9 cameras
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN SCI. AND TECHNOL. AT GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 1970; P 5-10
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  • 145
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    Active cavity radiometer (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-04
    Description: The active cavity radiometer (ACR) experiment on the Spacelab 1 mission to measure the total solar irradiance is discussed. Short and long term variations in the total solar output of optical energy are studied. Solar total irradiance observation provides information on the solar cycle and other long term trends in solar output that are of climatological significance as well as short term solar physics phenomena. The interaction of solar radiation with the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land masses provides the primary driving forces for the formation of weather systems and the determination of climate. Astrophysical measurements determine the total energy flux. The principal role of the ACR observations support extended solar irradiance experiments on free flying satellites. Solar irradiance measurements are important in the establishment of the radiation scale at the solar total flux level in the international system of units (SI).
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Spacelab Mission 1 Expt. Descriptions; 4 p
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  • 146
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    Very wide field camera (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-04
    Description: The study of galactic and faint extragalactic extended sources and peculiar ultraviolet objects by a very wide field of view camera, operated in the ultraviolet photometric and spectrometric modes is discussed. The photometric mode is direct photography through filters for observation of the following sources: (1) large scale distribution of ultraviolet radiation in the Milky Way; (2) diffusion of the galactic light above the galactic plane and in front of the large absorbing clouds; (3) the optical emission of the interstellar matter; (4) stars, and starlike objects with diameters less than 3 arc minutes. In the spectrometric mode (nebular spectrograph) the light from the center of the photometric field is concentrated on a slit covering 10 degrees by 10 arc minutes on the sky.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Spacelab Mission 1 Expt. Descriptions; 3 p
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  • 147
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    Personal miniature electrophysiological tape recorder (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-05
    Description: The use of a personal miniature electrophysiological tape recorder to measure the physiological reactions of space flight personnel to space flight stress and weightlessness is described. The Oxford Instruments Medilog recorder, a battery-powered, four-channel cassette tape recorder with 24 hour endurance is carried on the person and will record EKG, EOG, EEG, and timing and event markers. The data will give information about heart rate and morphology changes, and document adaptation to zero gravity on the part of subjects who, unlike highly trained astronauts, are more representative of the normal population than were the subjects of previous space flight studies.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Spacelab Mission 1 Expt. Descriptions; 2 p
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  • 148
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    Metric camera experiment (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-04
    Description: A test of the mapping capabilities of high resolution space photography taken at the resolution limit of image motion on large film format is planned. The metric camera system and its planned operation are described.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Spacelab Mission 1 Expt. Descriptions; 4 p
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  • 149
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    Waves in the OH emissive layer (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-04
    Description: Photography and measurement of cloud-like structures of bright parallel bands observed in near infrared photography of the night sky is planned. The instrument is described and the purpose of the experiment summarized.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Spacelab Mission 1 Expt. Descriptions; 2 p
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  • 150
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    Grille spectrometer (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-04
    Description: High resolution infrared spectroscopic observations of the Earth's limb in the wavelength range characteristic of the vibrational-rotational lines of trace atmospheric constituents is planned. The instrument and its operation and the purpose of the experiments are summarized.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Spacelab Mission 1 Expt. Descriptions; 3 p
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  • 151
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    Electrical and acoustical resonances of vibrators (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: The basic sources of vibration in electrical machines are identified as: (1) unbalanced masses of the rotor, (2) condition of the bearings, and (3) the electromagnetic field gap. Methods for improving the vibration characteristics of electrical machines are proposed. A mathematical model is developed for calculating the damping elements located between the bearings and the mounts.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 235-238
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  • 152
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    A silicon vidicon camera for slow scan operation (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-22
    Description: A silicon vidicon camera was designed, built, and tested to determine its potential for use aboard future Mariner spacecraft. Slow scan operation is made possible by cooling the vidicon to -40 C. Cooling is achieved by a simple thermal condition path between the vidicon and a radiator mounted on top of the camera head. The camera was successfully operated under simulated space flight conditions and has survived vibration designed to simulate the launch of a Mariner spacecraft. A description of the camera and its operation along with the results of the testing is presented.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: JPL Quart. Tech. Rev., Vol. 3, No. 2 (NASA-CR-133863); p 27-36
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  • 153
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    An automatic light scattering CCN counter (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The counter is a static thermal diffusion chamber which has been modified to include an optical system for the determination of droplet concentration by the measurement of scattered light. The determination of concentration is made by measurement of the peak scattered light signal from the cloud of growing droplets which is a function of both the droplet concentration and chamber supersaturation. Because the formation of the peak is related to the rate of growth of the droplets and sedimentation, both of which are determined by supersaturation, the system calibration can be uniquely determined by comparison with an absolute counter such as a static diffusion chamber with a photographic recording system.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 40-41
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  • 154
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    Cloud condensation nucleus counter by impactor sampling technique (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Unlike typical CCN counters, this device counts the numbers of water droplets condensed on aerosol particles sampled on a microcover glass at various different relative humidities. The relative humidities ranged from 75 percent to a calculated value of 110 percent. A schematic of the apparatus is shown. The individual CCN can be identified in an optical micrograph and scanning electron micrograph and may be inspected for their chemical composition later.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 35-36
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  • 155
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    The CCN counter of the IOPG of Puy de Dome: Main characterisics and results of measurements (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: In performing the data analysis of the measurements achieved during the Workshop with the device, a global approach was preferred rather than an individual analysis, in order to illustrate some main characteristics in the behavior of the device with respect to a mean behavior resulting from a general survey of all the equipments involved in each experiment. The device tends generally to overestimate the CCN concentrations measured near the high supersaturations and sometimes underestimates the concentrations close to 0.1% or 0.2% of supersaturation. Despite the fact that it belongs to a type of static diffusion chamber, it shows, however, similar spectra to those obtained with other types of chambers (continuous flow diffusion chamber and haze chamber).
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 17-19
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  • 156
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    Contribution to CCN Workshop report from University of Wyoming group (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The group's CCN counter is described. It is a static, horizontal, parallel plate thermal gradient diffusion chamber. Examples of the application of the CCN are presented and include the CCN spectra measured during the winter of 1978-79 near Elk Mountain, Wyoming. Comparisons of droplet concentrations derived from upwind CCN spectra are covered.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 11-13
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  • 157
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    Determination of the efficiency of a proportional counter for detecting X-rays (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A parallel beam of X-rays (approximately monoenergetic) passing through a rectangular slit and scattering from two flat mirrors comprise the X-ray test. The two mirrors are arranged in a periscope geometry so that the final reflected beam is parallel to the incident beam but displaced laterally by given amount. One of the detectors used to intercept the reflected X-rays is a one dimensional gas-filled proportional counter which is sensitive to the position (in 1 dimension) at which the X-rays are incident within its detecting "window". The total length of the anode wire of the proportional counter is 120 mm and this length can be divided electronically into a maximum of 1,024 parts. Hence, the output of an experimental run would be the number of incident X-rays that registered on each of the 1,024 channels. Each channel would represent an X-ray at a different spatial location and, hence, at a different scattering angle. In order to look at a wider range of scattering angles, the detector is placed on an optical table which can be rotated.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Alabama Univ. in Huntsville The 1981 NASA(ASEE Summer Fac. Fellowship Program; 6 p
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  • 158
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    Measurement of the aerosol size distribution with NRL's mobility analyzer (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The size distribution was measured in the size range between 0.0057 and 0.57 micrometer radius. A description of the instrumentation and data analysis is given, together with the measured size distributions calculated for 23 experiments.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 69-78
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  • 159
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    Modified MEE Industries static thermal gradient diffusion cloud chamber (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The experiments performed at the Workshop were undertaken to confirm the calculated sample volume, determine the usable range of supersaturation, and minimum detectable size. Comparison of absolute CCN concentrations with other state-of-the-art continuous flow diffusion chambers at supersaturations near 1 percent indicated that the volume used produced CCN concentrations well within the range of CCN concentrations determined at the workshop. This agreement is interpreted to mean the sample volume was correct. Direct measurements of the beam geometry done in the laboratory indicated a factor of 4-5 error. This error is apparently due to the larger apparent visible beam diameter versus the actual usable beam diameter given the droplet illumination, chamber optical geometry, microscope optics and film characteristics.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 44-45
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  • 160
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    Multi-channel chopper system for a total ozone mapping spectrometer (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A multi-channel chopper system designed and built to stringent specifications is providing an excellent performance for a total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS). State of the art machining technology, suitable material selection, and a way to hold and position the slit plate resulted in the instrument's better than expected performance. A shutter method used for internal calibration allows compensation for the occurrence of an unlikely wavelength shift during testing, launch, or during the orbiting life of the instrument. The TOMS is part of a payload on Nimbus 7 launched on October 24, 1978.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center The 15th aerospace Mech. Symp.; p 63-75
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  • 161
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    Performance of the continuous flow diffusion chambers (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A brief comparative description is made of the chambers. Overall, comparisons for the various types of experiments - monodisperse, polydisperse and ambient aerosol - showed agreement among these chambers to within 15% in most cases. A careful analysis of the results indicated that a proper accounting of certain parameters would bring about much closer agreement among four of these instruments.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 79-84
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  • 162
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    Description of the NRL isothermal haze chamber (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: In the IHC the critical supersaturation is inferred from the measurement of the size of particles which have grown to their equilibrium size at exactly 100 percent RH. The largest size channel corresponds to a critical supersaturation of 0.014 percent. The growth time required for particles of this size to reach their equilibrium size exceeds the 110 second residence time in the IHC. Since the supersaturation spectrum is always very steep in this region, the contribution of these larger particles which have not yet attained their equilibrium size to smaller size channels is negligible. However, failure of these particles to reach their equilibrium size could result in a significant lowering of the count in the size channel corresponding to the smaller critical supersaturation.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 42-43
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  • 163
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    Static diffusion cloud chambers (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The chamber geometry and optical arrangement are described. The supersaturation range is given and consists of readings taken at five fixed points: 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, and 1.25%. The detection system is described including light source, cameras, and photocell detectors. The temperature control and the calibration of the chamber are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 26-27
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  • 164
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    Description and discussion of the NRL TGDCC (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The NRL thermal gradient diffusion cloud chamber (TGDCC) consists of two plates 7.5 cm in diameter separated by 1.25 cm and covered with saturated filter paper. The cylindrical wall separating the plates is glass. The top plate is at room temperature and the bottom plate is cooled with a thermoelectric cooler. The temperature difference is measured with several sets of thermocouples. The CCN concentration was determined from the video recording. This procedure of averaging the maximum count obtained on several successive recordings at the same supersaturation results in concentrations which are somewhat higher than concentrations calculated from an average across the plateau.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 14-16
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  • 165
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    Comparing dry aerosol size measurements (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Two instruments were used to size dry aerosols for the CCN experiments: the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) instrument which uses an electrical mobility analyzer to separate the aerosol size fractions and a diffusion chamber to grow and count the particles and the University of Wyoming (WYO) aerosol monitoring system. Measurements from these two systems were usually found to be in agreement during the CCN Workshop. Two examples are presented to compare aerosol size distribution measurements of the two instruments: experiment 8 (monodisperse NaCl) and experiment 27 (polydisperse AgI). Differential (dN/dR) and cumulative plots are shown for both instruments for experiment 8 and experiment 27; also shown are Aitken particle measurements for comparison.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 106-107
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  • 166
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    CCN comparisons of static diffusion chambers (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Nine CCN counters of the static diffusion (SDC) type were compared with one another and with continuous flow diffusion (CFD) chambers. The nine SDCs showed a considerable amount of variation, largely attributable to newness and/or lack of prior calibration of some units. The five more consistent instruments agreed quite well, to within at least 20 percent of the NRL mobility analyzer and to within 10 percent at 1 percent supersaturation. There was satisfactory agreement between the more reliable SDC and CFD chambers.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 57-63
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  • 167
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    Diffusion tube (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The diffusion tube was designed to operate below about 0.25 percent of water supersaturation. It is simply a long tube lined on the inside with a damp chamois cloth, and heated isothermally to a few degrees centigrade above the incoming air. The diffusion coefficient for water vapor is slightly larger than that for heat, making it possible to supersaturate the airflow. This is the same principle by which transient supersaturations may occur in parallel plate cloud chambers. Only the diffusion of vapor and heat from the walls into the moving air are considered.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 37-39
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  • 168
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    A description of the UK Meteorological Office CCN counter (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The chamber is a thermal gradient diffusion type with the upper plate at room temperature and the lower plate thermoelectrically cooled. The light from a 25W projector bulb is focused in a beam of approximations 1x3 mm in the central part of the chamber. The light scattered by drops is viewed in the forward direction (40 deg) by a microscope and a sensitive photodetector. Experiments were performed to relate the peak output from the photocell with the maximum number of drops in the beam recorded photographically. The microscope is used to check the calibration at low concentrations of CCN. The results of the experiments and the performance of the counter are reported.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Desert Research Inst. The Third Intern. Cloud Condensation Nuclei Workshop; p 33-34
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  • 169
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    Apparatus for calibration of on-board instruments and laboratory modelling of rarefied plasma flows past models (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Problems of laboratory simulation of artificial earth satellite flight conditions in the ionosphere are examined, and a setup capable of reproducing the basic parameters of ion flows (with energies of 5-10 eV, energy spectrum width approximately 2x5 eV, and an intensity of 10 to the minus 8th power a/cm/2) past measurement instruments and satellite models is described. Possibilities for further improvement of the apparatus are discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Interplanet. Medium and Phys. of the Magnetosphere (NASA-TT-F-784); p 282-291
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    Use of conventional equipment to measure the effective perceived noise level of aircraft (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: A real time, computerized, measurement method for the effective perceived noise level is reported that uses comparison of two sounds differing in level and frequency to obtain the noise intensity emitted by aircraft and to calculate human psychoacoustic annoyance reactions.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: the 4th Natl. Conf. on Acoustics, Vol. 1A (NASA-TT-F-15375); p 224-232
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  • 171
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    An objective method and measuring equipment for noise control and acoustic diagnostics of motorcars (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: An objective method and apparatus for noise control and acoustic diagnostics of motorcar engines are reported. The method and apparatus let us know whether the noisiness of the vehicle under test exceeds the admissible threshold levels given by appropriate standards and if so what is the main source of the excessive noise. The method consists in measuring both the overall noise level and the sound pressure levels in definite frequency bands while the engine speed is controlled as well and may be fixed at prescribed values. Whenever the individually adjusted threshold level has been exceeded in any frequency band, a self-sustaining control signal is sent.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: The 4th Natl. Conf. on Acoustics Vol. 1A (NASA-TT-F-15375); p 198-204
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  • 172
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    Photoelectronic vibrometer with polarized light (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: A seismic torsiometer is described which is based on the reception by a photosensitive transducer of a light flux modulated by a relative rotation of the optical axes of two polaroids. The torsional vibrations of the polaroid fixed to the shaft are transmitted to the other polaroid (which at the same time is the seismic mass of the apparatus) by means of elastic lamellas. The device can work as accelerometer, vibrometer or frequency meter, depending on the value of the ratio between the proper oscillation frequency of the seismic system and the measured vibration frequency.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: The 4th Natl. Conf. on Acoustics, Vol. 1A (NASA-TT-F-15375); p 68-72
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  • 173
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    Vibration and noise measuring instruments built in the RSR (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: The demands placed upon vibration and noise measuring instruments are discussed. The instruments that are now being manufactured in the RSR are described, as well as those that are being made ready for manufacture, namely: the VP-3 portable vibrometer, the N2103 precision electronic vibrometer, the N2103 B sonometric preamplifier, as well as vibration transducers of the electrodynamic and piezoelectric types.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: The 4th Natl. Conf. on Acoustics, Vol. 1A (NASA-TT-F-15375); p 62-67
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  • 174
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    Contributions to the problem of piezoelectric accelerometer calibration (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: After discussing the principal calibration methods for piezoelectric accelerometers, an experimental setup for accelerometer calibration by the reciprocity method is described It is shown how the use of a lock-in voltmeter eliminates errors due to viscous damping and electrical loading.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: The 4th Natl. Conf. on Acoustics, Vol. 1A (NASA-TT-F-15375); p 55-61
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  • 175
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    Instruments for measuring radiant thermal fluxes (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: An absolute two-sided radiometer, designed on the principle of replacing absorbed radiant energy with electrical energy, is described. The sensitive element of the detector is a thermoelectric transducer of thermal flux. The fabrication technology, methods of measurement, technical characteristics, and general operation of the instrument are presented.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Space Res. in the Ukraine, No. 3 (NASA-TT-F-15537); p 95-101
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  • 176
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    Solar corona photography (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: An analysis was made of Apollo 17 solar corona photographs in an effort to identify coronal streamers observed from earth. The photographs corroborate earth based observations; moreover, visual observations made by the Apollo crew indicate clearly identifiable streamers which extend to approximately 100 solar radii.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 3 p
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  • 177
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    Apollo 17 laser altimeter (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: The performance and operation of the Apollo 17 laser altimeter after several modifications are discussed. Functions of the instrument include precise altitude measurement of the CSM above the lunar surface, and measurement of broad scale topographic relief around the entire circumference of the moon.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 4 p
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  • 178
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    Repeatability of elevation measurements: Apollo photography (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Sun elevation angle effects on repeatability, using Apollo 15 photographs are analyzed and results extended to slope related effects. Preliminary results indicate repeatibility of elevation measurement is related to contrast in the stereoscopic image.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 6 p
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  • 179
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    Photographic summary (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: The photographic objectives of the Apollo 17 mission are discussed. The photographic requirements are divided into lunar surface photographs and orbital photographic tasks. The cameras used during the mission are listed and a general description of the tasks for which each was used is provided. Examples of photographs taken during lunar orbit and on the lunar surface are included. The cameras used and the photographic coverage obtained during specific phases of the mission are reported.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 32 p
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  • 180
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    Identification of a mechanical vibration system (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: The actual values of the parameters of a precision instrument assembly vibration system are determined according to experimental amplitude-frequency characteristics. The assembly is considered as a complex mechanical vibrating system, consisting of elements with concentrated and distributed parameters. A calculation procedure was compiled.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 36-37
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  • 181
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    Automatic measuring device for octave analysis of noise (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: An automatic decoder is described that counts noise levels by pulse counters and forms audio signals proportional in duration to the total or to one of the octave noise levels. Automatic ten fold repetition of the measurement cycle is provided at each measurement point before the transition to a new point is made.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 25-27
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  • 182
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    Use of the mathematical modelling method for the investigation of dynamic characteristics of acoustical measuring instruments (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: The schematic diagram of a noise measuring device is presented that uses pulse expansion modeling according to the peak or any other measured values, to obtain instrument readings at a very low noise error.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 10-12
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  • 183
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    System for automated measurement of full-scale noises and vibrations (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: On-line devices are described for measuring the electrical spectrum of a signal in the presence of full scale noise and vibrations. The system includes a set of parallel filters with detectors at the filtration channel outlet. A reciprocal spectral density matrix is used to process the information contained in the interacting signals from various noise and vibration sources.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 3-6
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  • 184
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    Multiple-point unit for remote automatic spectral analysis (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: An experimental model of a mechanical spectrometer is reported that permits vibration measurements at 297 points on a mechanical device and processes this information by digital computer for automatic printout.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 1-2
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  • 185
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    Head-up displays for STOL visual approaches (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: A simulation study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a simple head-up display in improving glide-slope tracking performance during steep visual approaches in a STOL aircraft. The head-up display featured an attitude-stabilized horizon bar and glide-slope reference bar parallel to and 7.5 deg below the horizon bar. On some approaches a flight-path marker symbol showing the projected ground impact point was also displayed. Half of the approaches were flown in a conventional mode in which the pilot changed pitch attitude to correct for height errors. The remaining approaches were flown in a direct-lift mode in which the pilot modulated thrust to change the flight-path angle without pitching the aircraft.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: STOL Technol.; p 227-243
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  • 186
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    Photogrammetric evaluation of Mariner 9 photography (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Some attempts to produce, with an AP/C analytical plotter, stereo models using Mariner 9 pictures are reported. The first attempt using geometrically uncorrected mission test video system (MTVS) imagery failed; the second, using corrected reduced data record (RDR) pictures also failed, probably because they were reconstructed through a vidicon display which introduces additional distortion. By using images obtained from RDR tape data through the Optronics Photowrite device, models were successfully obtained.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: JPL Mariner Mars 1971 Proj., Vol. 4; p 587-592
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  • 187
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    Mariner 9 ultraviolet spectrometer experiment: Mars atomic oxygen 1304-Angstrom emission (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: Selected results are presented for a considerable quantity of Mariner 9 1304-A data for the first 100 revolutions from both the bright limb and disk of Mars. The limb data suggest that the exospheric temperature is less than it was in 1969 when Mariners 6 and 7 encountered the planet. Similar (O) concentrations (0.5 to 1%) are derived for a temperature of about 300 K. Structure in the limb profiles below 200 km suggests the possibility that about 0.2 kR of the observed approximately 0.8 kR near 150 km is due to dissociative excitation of CO2. Significant differences in selected limb profiles suggest that local as well as random variations in (O) occur.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: JPL Mariner Mars 1971 Proj., Vol. 4; p 355-368
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  • 188
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    Mariner 9 ultraviolet spectrometer experiment: Seasonal variation of ozone on Mars (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-27
    Description: On Mars, the Mariner observations show a twenty-fold variation in the amount of ozone, depending on the presence or absence of another minor constituent, water vapor, in the atmosphere. In the evolution of earth's primitive atmosphere, the formation of an ozone layer may have played an important role in the prebiotic chemistry that took place on the surface. The seasonal formation and disappearance of ozone in the contemporary Martian atmosphere may be of consequence in any prebiotic chemistry that may be occurring there.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: JPL Mariner Mars 1971 Proj., Vol. 4; p 369-372
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  • 189
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    Passive microwave images of lake ice (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-26
    Description: Photographic data and microwave emission images from the Great Lake ice formation are compared for their applicability to commercial shipping interests. A synoptic view of the microwave radiation from the lake area ice shows a large variation in brightness temperature. The snow ice appears to have the highest microwave brightness temperatures, whereas the thick clear ice shows up some 30 degrees kelvin colder, and the thin clear ice is colder still with a 1.55 cm radiation.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Significant Accomplishments in Sci.; p 187-189
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  • 190
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    A new method of measurement of tension on a moving magnetic tape (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: The possibility of no-contact measurement of the tension on a moving magnetic tape, assuming the tape is uniform, is discussed. A scheme for calculation of the natural frequency of transverse vibrations of magnetic tape is shown. Mathematical models are developed to show the relationships of the parameters. The method is applicable to the analysis of accurate tape feed mechanisms design.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 229-231
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  • 191
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    Method of accounting for instrumental distortions during observation of signals (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-28
    Description: A method is proposed for accounting for instrumental distortions in linear systems with known dynamic characteristics.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Cybernetic Diagnostics of Mech. Systems with Vibro-acoustic Phenomena (NASA-TT-F-14899); p 193-194
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  • 192
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    Computer simulation of the effects of transmission-averaging in microdensitometry (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: One of the principal advantages of electrography when compared to photography is the nearly linear relationship between source intensity versus resulting image density. This property allows for simplified and more accurate photometric calibration and permits a certain degree of extrapolation of the calibration to beyond the limits of the faintest photoelectric standard on an exposure. The desires to extract quantitative photometric information from electrographic (or photographic) negatives and to convert this information into a digital format for computer analysis or enhancement led to the widespread use of scanning microdensitometers to perform this A-to-D conversion. Therefore it is of vital importance to understand and, if practical, to avoid any nonlinearities which may be introduced during microdensitometry of electrographic emulsions.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 429-431
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  • 193
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    The role of the Automated Plate Measuring (APM) machine in developing a program to discover QSOs automatically (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The scanning of a direct plate with the automatic plate measuring machine which results in the automated selection and description of images is described. The selection of QSO candidates based on color-color diagrams constructed from the APM image data and the analysis of APM raster data for QSOs selected visually from objective prism plates are also discussed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 417-418
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  • 194
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    Next generation microdensitometer (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The fundamental limitations of microdensitometers are reviewed and the design of a high microdensitometer described. The system will digitize to 16 bits in transmission at a speed of 100 kHz using a laser beam moving over the emulsion. Other features are automatic platen rotation and autofocus. The cost will be of order $200,000.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 333-341
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  • 195
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    A new measuring machine in Paris (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A new photographic measuring machine is under construction at the Paris Observatory. The amount of transmitted light is measured by a linear array of 1024 photodiodes. Carriage control, data acquisition and on line processing are performed by microprocessors, a S.E.L. 32/27 computer, and an AP 120-B Array Processor. It is expected that a Schmidt telescope plate of size 360 mm square will be scanned in one hour with pixel size of ten microns.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 329-332
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  • 196
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    A preliminary analysis of a diode array for densitometry (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A diode-array based image digitizer manufactured by the Eikonix Corp. was tested to see if it can be adapted to the exacting requirements of astronomical densitometry. As the device is presently configured, a dynamic range of 400:1 can be achieved routinely, with a positional accuracy of 2 microns or better. An area of 2048 X 2048 pixels can be scanned in about 5 minutes. Preliminary tests indicate that several relatively simple enhancements can improve both the photometric and the positional accuracy of the device.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 307-315
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  • 197
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    A next generation microdensitometer? (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Motivations for construction of a next generation microdensitometer (NGM) are presented and their effect on the NGM design is discussed. A prototype of such an engine has been constructed at KPNO. Its design and performance is reviewed.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 291-305
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  • 198
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    Why use a microdensitometer other than a PDS? (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The motivations for constructing a special purpose built microdensitometer are explored. The salient points of some of the microdensitometers are described and the advantages and disadvantages of the system in comparison to a PDS machine are outlined. The principal gain is in speed though at the expense of loss in dynamic range. The effects on the astronomical results are demonstrated. The astronomical results already obtained with these machines and from ongoing projects are described. It is shown that there is a large class of important astronomical problems which can be tackled by these machines but which are not feasibile on the PDS because of the speed of the machine.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 209-228
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  • 199
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    Improvements to the Photometric response and positional accuracy of the Yale PDS 2020G microdensitometer (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The necessity to incorporate several hardware changes to optimize the Yale PDS 2020G microdensitometer for photometric and astrometric research are discussed. The properties of a new high speed photometer and a positional calibration system are described. The new photometer incorporates a high speed logarithmic analog to digital converter with more than 10 times the resolution of the former system and a cycle time of approximately 50 usec. The positional calibration system monitors the drunkenness of the stages with respect to fixed index lines and enables the correction of the +/- 5 micro stage errors to an accuracy of better than 1 micro.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 151-161
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  • 200
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    Performance of the ESO PDS (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The astrometric and photometric performance of the PDS 1010A microdensitometer are discussed, including the tests used for checking it. The instrument was shown to satisfy operational requirements for photometric measurements of astronomical plates with respect to dynamic range and stability.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Astron. Microdensitometry Conf.; p 89-95
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