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  • Genetics  (261)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (261)
  • Elsevier
  • Annual Reviews
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (261)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1994  (261)
  • 1980
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Golgi body ; protein transport ; secretion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Schizosaccharomyces pombe was treated with either cycloheximide or anisomycin at levels sufficient to inhibit 〉95% of protein synthesis for periods upon to 3 h, equivalent to one cell cycle. Treatment for as little as 1 h caused significant loss of the Golgi apparatus by both immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. The loss was quantitated by stereology on electron micrographs. Nearly 90% of the stacked Golgi was lost over a 3 h period. No other intracellular membrane compartment seemed to be affected. Measurement of enzyme activities confirmed these observations. The activity of a resident of the Golgi apparatus, α-1,2 galactosyltransferase, was reduced over this time, whereas the endoplasmic reticulum marker, BiP, and the cytoplasmic enzyme, hexokinase, were unaffected. The morphological changes associated with cycloheximide addition were reversed on its removal, though there was a lag before cells recommenced growth or secretion of the enzyme, acid phosphatase.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Genome sequencing ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XI ; MBR1 ; GTPase-activating protein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We present the DNA sequence analysis of a region covering a 3·5 kb EcoRI fragment from the left arm of chromosome XI from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This region contains five open reading frames (ORFs) which code for proteins of greater than 100 amino acids. ORF YKL425 codes for the previously sequenced Mbr1 (Valens et al., 1991; Daignan-Fornier et al., 1993) which participates in mitochondrial biogenesis. YKL424 has identity with a GTPase-activating protein of higher eukaryotes. The three remaining ORFs have no identity to known proteins within the databases screened and are not assigned ORF numbers as they are completely contained with ORFs YKL424 and YKL425. This sequence has been entered in the EMBL Data Library under Accession Number X75561.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 29-38 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Heterologous gene expression ; levansucrase precursor ; Bacillus subtilis ; yeast ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Levansucrase, a Bacillus subtilis extracellular enzyme, was not secreted in the culture medium when produced in yeast. The protein accumulated inside the cell in its precursor form which represented 0·3% of total proteins. The absence of any post-translational modifications, such as signal sequence cleavage or addition of N-linked sugars, indicated that this protein did not enter the reticulum secretion pathway.Direct observation of the cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that levansucrase was associated with the cytoplasmic membrane. Subcellular fractionation experiments revealed that levansucrase precursor form is associated with membranes through weak ionic interactions. The purified precursor displayed the same catalytic properties as levansucrase secreted by B. subtilis. Thus yeast could be used as a source of levansucrase precursor allowing its isolation as a pure form on a milligram scale.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 271-274 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Genome sequencing ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome III ; telomeres ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A comparison of the sequences of telomere regions from several yeast chromosomes revealed an apparent cloning artifact for the right end of chromosome III. An integrating vector containing G1-3T telomere sequences was used to clone the right end of chromosome III from a strain related to S288C. The sequence of this clone confirmed that the published sequence was incorrect and demonstrated that the right telomere region of chromosome III is similar to other telomeres.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Saccharomyces douglasii ; evolution ; ARG4 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A 3·6 kb DNA fragment from Saccharomyces douglasii, containing the ARG4 gene, has been cloned, sequenced and compared to the corresponding region from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The organization of this region is identical in both yeasts. It contains besides the ARG4 gene, another complete open reading frame (ORF) (YSD83) and a third incomplete one (DED81). The ARG4 and the YSD83 coding regions differ from their S. cerevisiae homologs by 8.1% and 12·5%, respectively, of base substitutions. The encoded proteins have evolved differently: amino acid replacements are significantly less frequent in Arg4 (2·8%) than in Ysc83 (12·4%) and most of the changes in Arg4 are conservative, which is not the case for Ysc83. The non-coding regions are less conserved, with small AT-rich insertions/deletions and 20% base substitutions. However, the level of divergence is smaller in the aligned sequences of these regions than in silent sites of the ORFs, probably revealing a higher degree of constraints. The Gcn4 binding site and the region where meiotic double-strand breaks occur, are fully conserved. The data confirm that these two yeasts are evolutionarily closely related and that comparisons of their sequences might reveal conserved protein and DNA domains not expected to be found in sequence comparisons between more diverged organisms.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 371-376 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; NES24 ; chromosome XIII ; neomycin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have cloned NES24 using a temperature-sensitive nes24-1 mutant as a host and sequenced a 3162 bp XhoI-EcoRI DNA fragment containing the NES24 gene. Computer analysis revealed that this segment contains a 1806 bp open reading frame which is needed for complementation of the nes24-1 mutation. We found SUP8 in the region upstream of the NES24 gene, placing the NES24 gene on chromosome XIII. A protein homology search indicated that NES24 encodes a new protein. The disruption of the NES24 gene resulted in temperature-sensitive growth. The sequence has been deposited in DDBJ/EmBL/GenBank data bases under Accession Number D15052.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 399-402 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Chromosome V ; Monomeric G-protein ; Rab protein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A Saccharomyces cerevisiae sequence cloned by serendipity was found to encode a protein that is a new member of the Ypt/Rab monomeric G-protein family. This sequence shows high homology to the yeast genes SEC4 and YPT1 and, like SEC4 and YPT1, is essential for viability. The sequence was localized to chromosome V based upon hybridization to pulse-field gel-separated yeast chromosomes. The sequence has been deposited in the GenBank data library under Accession Number L17070.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 451-461 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): RAS-cAMP pathway ; CDC25 family ; cell division cycle mutation ; S. cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have identified MS12 as a gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which, when on a multicopy vector, suppresses the heat shock sensitivity caused by the loss of the IRA1 product, a negative regulator of the RAS protein. The multicopy MSI2 also suppresses the heat shock sensitivity of cells with the RAS2val19 mutation but not those with the bcy1 mutation, suggesting that the MSI2 protein may interfere with the activity of the RAS protein. The sequence analysis of MSI2 reveals that it is identical to LTE1 belonging to the CDC25 family: CDC25, SCD25 and BUD5, each of which encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the ras superfamily gene products. Deletion of the entire MSI2 coding region reveals that MSI2 is not essential but the disruptant shows a cold-sensitive phenotype. Under the non-permissive conditions, more than 70% of the msi2 disruptants arrested at telophase as large budded cells with two nuclei divided completely and elongated spindles, indicating that the msi2 deletion is a cell division cycle mutation. These results suggest that MSI2 is involved in the termination of M phase and that this process is regulated by a ras superfamily gene product.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 463-474 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; cell polarity ; cellular morphogenesis ; GTPases ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Cdc24p and Cdc42p are involved in the control of cell polarity during the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle. Cdc42p is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases and Cdc24p displays limited amino-acid sequence similarity with the Dbl proto-oncoprotein, which acts to stimulate guanine-nucleotide exchange on human Cdc42p. We have performed several genetic experiments to test whether Cdc24p and Cdc42p interact within the cell. First, overexpression of Cdc24p suppressed the dominant-negative cdc42D118A allele. Second, overexpression of wild-type CDC24 and CDC42 genes together was a lethal event resulting in a morphological phenotype of large, round, unbudded cells, indicating a loss of cell polarity. Third, a cdc24ts cdc42ts double mutant exhibited a synthetic-lethal phenotype at the semi-permissive temperature of 30°C. These data suggest that Cdc24p and Cdc42p interact within the cell and that Cdc24p may be involved in the regulation of Cdc42p activity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 497-508 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Protein secretion and processing ; gene expression ; killer toxin ; Kex2 protease ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: K1 preprotoxin is the 316 residue precursor of the K1 killer toxin secreted by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The SPβla reporter consists of the mature, secreted form of β-lactamase (βla) fused to S and P, two fragments of preprotoxin. S is the N-terminal 34 residues, including the secretion signal. P, a 67 residue ‘processing’ segment with three sites for N-glycosylation, terminates in a Lys Arg site for cleavage by the Kex2 protease. Expression of SPβla in yeast results in efficient secretion, processing by signal peptidase and glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum, producing proßla. Kex2 cleavage of proßla in the lumen of a late Golgi compartment releases βla, which accumulates stably in culture media buffered at pH 5·8-7. The half-life of secretion is 11 min at 30°C; 10-12% of the total activity in exponential-phase cells is intracellular, mostly in the form of proßla, indicating that transit from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi is rate limiting. We have used SPβla expression in single- and multi-copy vectors to compare the PGK, GAL1, GAL10, PHO5 and CUP1 promoters under varying nutritional conditions. In exponential-phase cells, secretion of βla over a 40-fold range and up to several μg/ml was proportional to transcript level, demonstrating that SPβla can be employed as a convenient secreted reporter of promoter function in yeast.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 415-415 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; fungi ; zymocin ; promoter ; pGKL1 ; pGKL2 ; pSKL ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The toxin-encoding linear plasmid systems found in Pichia acaciae and Kluyveromyces lactis yeasts appear to be quite similar, both in function and structural organization. By Southern hybridization, a linear plasmid of P. acaciae, pPac1-2, was found to hybridize to the second open reading frame (ORF2) of K. lactis plasmid pGKL1, known to encode the α and β subunits of the K. lactis toxin. A 1·7 kbp segment of pPac1-2 DNA was cloned, sequenced and shown to contain four regions of strong homology to four similarly oriented regions of K. lactis ORF2. This 1·7 kbp fragment also contained an ORF of 1473 bp that could encode a protein of ∼ 55·8 kDa. Like the α subunit gene of K. lactis ORF2, a very hydrophobic region occurs at the N-terminus, perhaps representing a signal sequence for transport out of the cell. Unlike K. lactis ORF2, however, the encoded polypeptide is much smaller and lacks a recognizable domain common to chitinases. The structure of a toxin that includes the translation product of this P. acaciae ORF would likely be quite different from that of the K. lactis toxin. Analysis of the upstream region of the P. acaciae ORF revealed an upstream conserved sequence identical to that found before ORFs 8 and 9 of pGKL2. A possible hairpin loop structure, as has been described for each of the four K. lactis pGKL1 ORFs, was found just upstream of the presumed start codon. The similarity of the promoter-like elements found in the linear plasmid genes of these diverse yeasts reinforces the idea of the existence of a unique, but highly conserved, expression system for these novel plasmids. The sequence has been deposited in the GenBank data library under Accession Number U02596.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 491-496 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; ARS1 ; DNA replication, mitotic ; DNA replication, premeiotic ; plasmid integration ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have investigated the significance of the chromosomal replication origin, ARS1, during the entire life cycle of yeast. This was done by substituting the chromosomal copy with a series of ars1 deletion mutants. It was shown that the ARS1 replication origin is not essential for mitotic or premeiotic DNA replication since no effect on growth, chromosomal loss rate and spore viability was observed in the ars1 mutant strains. We conclude that replication origins are abundantly, present in the yeast genome and that the removal of a single replication origin is compensated for by replication forks emanating from neighbouring origins.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Mitochondrial carriers ; duplication ; citrate synthase ; RNA binding ; ribosomes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A 15·1 kb fragment of the yeast genome was allocated to the centromeric region of chromosome XIV by genetic mapping. It contained six bona fide genes, RPC34, FUN34, CIT1 (Suissa et al., 1984), RLP7, PET8 and MRP7 (Fearon and Mason, 1988) and two large open reading frames, DOM34 and TOM34, RPC34 and RLP7 define strictly essential functions, whereas CIT1, PET8 and MRP7 encode mitochondrial proteins. The PET8 product belongs to a family of mitochondrial carrier proteins. FUN34 encodes a putative transmembraneous protein that is non-essential as judged from the normal growth of the fun34-::L̈K18 (URA3) allele, even on respirable substrates. TOM34 codes for a putative RNA binding protein, and DOM34 defines a hypothetical polypeptide of 35 kDa, with no significant homology to known proteins. The region under study also contains two divergently transcribed tDNAs, separated only by a chimeric transposable element. This tight tDNA linkage pattern is commonly encountered in yeast, and a general hypothesis is proposed for its emergence on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. RPC34, RLP7, PET8 and MRP7 are unique on the yeast genome, but the remaining genes belong to an extant centromeric duplication between chromosome III and XIV. The sequences have been deposited in the EMBL/GenBank data libraries under Accession Numbers L11277, L19167, M11344, M22116, V02536, X00782 and X63746.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Random-breakage mapping ; yeast ; APN1 ; YUH1 ; chromosome XI ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have used the previously described technique of random-breakage mapping to locate the two yeast genes APN1 and YUH1. The APN1 locus is located ∼235 kb from the left telomere of chromosome XI, and shows weak (∼53 cM) genetic linkage to ura1. The YUH1 locus is located ∼140 kb from the right telomere of chromosome X, and genetically maps 3·6 cM distal to cdc11. In addition, we show by random-breakage mapping that TRP3 is located ∼45 kb from the left telomere of chromosome XI, whereas FAS1 is ∼110 kb from the same telomere. This supports a gene order on the left distal portion of chromosome XI that agrees with other physical reports but is inverted with respect to Edition 11 of the published genetic map. This report confirms that random-breakage mapping is a rapid and convenient method of locating cloned genes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 557-557 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 653-657 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; basic-amino-acid permease ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene (1722 bp), encoding a protein (574 aa) highly homologous to the basic-amino-acid permeases LYP1 and CAN1, was sequenced. The gene, which was named APL1 (Amino-acid Permase Like), is located 881 bp upstream from LYP1 (lysine-specific permease), and in head-to-head orientation to it. These sequence data have been deposited in the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ nucleotide sequence data libraries under Accession Number X74069.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Genome sequencing ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XI ; catabolic threonine dehydratase ; membrane transporter ; hydantoinase ; phospholipase A2-activating protein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We report the entire sequence of a 26·4 kb segment of chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Identification of the known loci URA1, TRP3 and SAC1 revealed a translocation compared to the genetic map. Additionally, six unknown open reading frames have been identified. One of them is similar to catabolic threonine dehydratases. Another one contains characteristic features of membrane transporters. A third one is homologous in half of its length to the prokaryotic hydantoinase HyuA and in the other half to hydatoinase HyuB. A fourth one is homologous to the mammalian phospholipase A2-activating protein. A fifth one, finally, is homologous to the hypothetical open reading frame YCR007C of chromosome III. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X75951.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 701-708 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. ii 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; adenylate cyclase ; Ras ; Kluyveromyces marxianus ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The presence of adenylate cyclase activity was first demonstrated in membrane fractions from the budding yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. The enzyme showed a Mn2+- and Mg2+-dependent activity, with optimal pH at around 6 as observed in other yeast species. As in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where adenylate cyclase is regulated by RAS1 and RAS2, we detected a guanyl nucleotide-dependent activity. Interestingly Y13-259 monoclonal antibody, raised against mammalian p21Ha-ras, inhibited Mg2+ plus GTP-γ-S-dependent cAMP production, suggesting that the GTP binding proteins involved in adenylate cyclase regulation could be Ras proteins. The same antibody recognized on Western blot and immunoprecipitated a 40 kDa polypeptide from K. marxianus crude membranes. This polypeptide was not detected by an anti-RAS2 polyclonal antibody raised against S. cerevisiae RAS2 protein, suggesting that Ras proteins from the two species could be structurally different.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 709-717 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Ribosomal DNA spacers ; oligonucleotide probes ; Candida albicans ; rapid yeast identification ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In order to develop DNA probes for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of the pathogenic yeast species Candida albicans, we carried out comparative sequence analysis of the two internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) units of C. albicans and the closely related pathogenic species C. tropicalis. While overall sequence similarity between the two species was considerable (65-75%), both ITS1 and ITS2 were found to contain distinct regions with sufficient sequence divergence to make them suitable as specific target sites for the identification of C. albicans. On the basis of these results one ITS1-derived (ANAB1) and two ITS2-derived (ANAB2 and ANAB3) oligonucleotides were selected, chemically synthesized, and used as hybridization probes. Their specificity and reliability were evaluated in dot-blot hybridization experiments with total genomic DNA from 13 strains of medically important Candida species, six strains of other yeast genera associated with man and animals, and ten strains previously identified as C. albicans by phenotypic criteria. Under well-defined hybridization conditions the three probes hybridized exclusively with DNA derived from strains belonging to the species C. albicans, thus demonstrating their potential clinical usefulness. The failure of four of the (presumed) C. albicans strains to show hybridization to the ITS probes sheds doubt upon their taxonomic classification, which is reinforced by other phenotypic aspects of these strains.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase ; fission yeast ; cell cycle ; DNA repair ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PADPRP), a chromatin-associated enzyme present in most eukaryotic cells, is stimulated by DNA strand breaks, suggesting a role for the enzyme in the cellular response to DNA damage. However, the primary function of PADPRP remains unknown. We have selected Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a simple eukaryotic system in which to study PADPRP function because this fission yeast shares with mammalian cells important cellular features possibly associated with poly-(ADP-ribos)ylation pathways. We investigated the existence of an endogenous yeast PADPRP by DNA and RNA hybridization to mammalian probes under low-stringency conditions and by PADPRP activity assays. Our data indicate that fission yeasts are naturally devoid of PADPRP. We therefore isolated S. pombe strains expressing PADPRP by transformation with a human full-length PADPRP cDNA under the control of the SV40 early promoter. The human PADPRP construct was transcribed and translated in S. pombe, generating a major transcript of the same size (3.7 kb) as that detected in mammalian cells and a 113-kDa polypeptide, identical in size to the native human PADPRP protein. Yeast recombinant PADPRP was enzymatically active and was recognized by antibodies to human PADPRP. S. pombe cells expressing PADPRP (SPT strains) showed a stable phenotype that was characterized by: (i) cell cycle retardation as a result of a specific delay at the G1 phase, (ii) decreased cell viability in stationary cultures, (iii) enhanced rates of spontaneous and radiation-induced ade6-ade7 mutations, and (iv) increased sensitivity to radiation. SPT strains may prove efficient tools with which to investigate PADPRP functions in eukaryotic cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1075-1082 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; thiamine ; transcription ; inducible promoter ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We previously described a screen for thiamine-repressible genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and reported on one such gene, nmt1, required for thiamine biosynthesis. Here we describe a second gene, nmt2, recovered in the same screen. Disruption of nmt2 also resulted in thiamine auxotrophy, indicating a role for the nmt2 gene product in thiamine biosynthesis. Both genes are highly transcribed in minimal medium and repressed in medium containing thiamine, and nuclear ‘run-on’ experiments confirm that expression in both cases is controlled by the rate of transcription initiation. The virtually identical kinetics of induction and repression suggest that the two genes are co-ordinately regulated. Sequence comparison of the two promoters reveals a canonical TATA box, downstream of which is a perfectly conserved 11 bp element. Transcript mapping experiments show that transcription initiation of both genes is centred on this element.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 27
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; sulphite resistance ; gene cloning and sequencing ; SUL1 ; zinc-finger protein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In this paper we describe the cloning and sequencing of the gene (SUL1) responsible for sulphite resistance in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant (Casalone et al., 1992). The deduced amino acid sequence predicted that the gene codes for a zinc-finger protein with five fingers. Comparison of wild-type and mutant gene sequences demonstrated that the mutation event was a transversion from C to G; as a consequence of the mutation a histidine substituted an aspartic acid, affecting directly the fourth finger structure. The SUL1 gene sequence corresponds to that of FZF1 gene (Breitwieser et al., 1993) to which no function was attributed. The sequence has been entered in the EMBL data library under Accession Number 77592.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1157-1171 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): rDNA ; ribosomal DNA ; rDNA clusters ; chromosomes ; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Several recent investigations, employing restriction endonucleases that do not cleave within rDNA units, revealed that a number of laboratory strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae apparently contain a single tandem array of approximately 50 to 200 rDNA units on each chromosome XII homolog. The number of these rDNA units varies from strain to strain, among subclones of the same strain, and after different conditions of growth. In contrast, the commonly-used strain S288C and its derivatives contain two clusters on each chromosome XII homolog. Although the two clusters are stably maintained, the number of rDNA units within each cluster can vary as in strains with single clusters.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1211-1216 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Actin ; cytoskeleton ; SAC2 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A temperature-sensitive mutation (act1-1) in the essential actin gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be suppressed by mutations in the SAC2 gene. A cloned genomic DNA fragment that complements the cold-sensitive growth phenotype associated with such a suppressor mutation (sac2-1) was sequenced. The fragment contained an open reading frame that encodes a 641 amino acid predicted hydrophilic protein with a molecular weight of 74 445. No sequences with significant similarity to SAC2 were found in the GenBank and EMBL databases. A SAC2 disruption mutation was constructed which had phenotypes similar to the sac2-1 point mutation. A haploid SAC2 disruption strain failed to grow at low temperature and the disruption allele suppressed the temperature-sensitive act1-1 growth defect. The suppression phenotype was dependent on the strain background. The SAC2 sequence has been submitted to the EMBL data library (Accession Number Z29988).
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 30
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genomic sequencing ; chromosome II ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A 3·2 kb EcoRI fragment of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was entirely sequenced. Two new open reading frames were identified. The first is extremely hydrophobic, and would likely be an integral membrane protein. It has significant similarity to only one reported gene, a gene of unknown function from Drosophila melanogaster. The second ORF is asparagine-rich and very serine-rich, with a remarkable stretch of nearly 26 consecutive asparagine residues comprised of the same codon. It has no significant similarity to any reported gene. The fragment maps to chromosome II on the left arm between the CDC27 and ILS1 loci. The nucleotide sequence reported in this paper has been deposited in the GenBank database with the Accession Number M89908.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 31
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; chromosome XIV ; citrate synthase ; FUN34 ; PRP2 ; RPC34 ; SIS1 ; URK1 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The nucleotide sequence of 23·6 kb of the right arm of chromosome XIV is described, starting from the centromeric region. Both strands were sequenced with an average redundancy of 4·87 per base pair. The overall G+C content is 38·8% (42·5% for putative coding regions versus 29·4% for non-coding regions). Twelve open reading frames (ORFs) greater than 100 amino acids were detected. Codon frequencies of the twelve ORFs agree with codon usage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and all show the characteristics of low level expressed genes. Five ORFs (N2019, N2029, N2031, N2048 and N2050) are encoded by previously sequenced genes (the mitochondrial citrate synthase gene, FUN34, RPC34, PRP2 and URK1, respectively). ORF N2052 shows the characteristics of a transmembrane protein. Other elements in this region are a tRNAPro gene, a tRNAAsn gene, a τ34 and a truncated δ34 element. Nucleotide sequence comparison results in relocation of the SIS1 gene to the left arm of the chromosome as confirmed by colinearity analysis. The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper will appear in the EMBL, GenBank and DDBJ Nucleotide Sequence Databases under the accession number X77395.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1389-1394 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; AAA-protein family ; putative ATPase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A nuclear gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned by genetic complementation of a temperature-sensitive respiratory-deficient mutant. DNA sequence analysis reveals that it encodes a protein with homology to Yme1, FtsH and Tma, proteins which belong to the AAA-protein family (ÃPases associated with diverse cellular activities). The members of this family are involved in very different biological processes. Yme1p, a yeast mitochondrial protein, affects the rate of DNA escape from mitochondria to the nucleus and the Escherichia coli FtsH protein is apparently involved in the post-translational processing of PBP3, a protein necessary for septation during cell division. This newly sequenced gene, which we have designated AFG3 for ÃPase family gene 3, encodes a putative mitochondrial protein of 760 amino acid residues that is closely related to FtsH, Tma (protein from Lactococcus lactis) and Yme1p with 58, 55 and 46% identity respectively. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X76643.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1321-1327 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Firefly luciferase ; yeast expression ; gene reporter ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The LUC gene coding for Photinus pyralis firefly luciferase was cloned in different yeast episomal plasmids in order to assess its possibilities as an in vivo reporter gene. Activity of the enzyme in transformed cells in vivo was measured by following light emission and assay conditions optimized in intact cells, with regard to oxygen concentration, temperature, cell concentration in assay mixtures and external ATP concentration. Among the factors tested, light emission was drastically influenced by the external pH in the assay (which resulted in a ten-fold amplification signal) and by substrate permeability. The growth phase of the cells was also important for the level of activity detected. Cloning of firefly luciferase gene under the control of different yeast-regulated promoters (ADH1, GAL1-10) enabled us to measure their strength which correlated well with previously described data. We conclude that firefly luciferase is an adequate gene reporter for the in vivo sensitive determination of gene expression and promoter strength in yeast.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1395-1402 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1403-1413 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; transcript map ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A detailed and systematic transcript map is a first and necessary step to characterize new genes revealed by systematic sequencing. Chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains 331 open reading frames (ORFs) of which 44% are of unknown function (Dujon et al., 1994). As a first study towards complete transcript analysis of chromosome XI, we have extracted RNA from three isogenic strains (a, α and 2 n) grown in three standard laboratory media, and have analysed them using contiguous probes covering two regions of 17 and 19 kilobases, respectively. All 20 predicted ORFs in the sequences correspond to expressed genes, six of which have no predicted function. Four short ORFs which were suspected as not being real genes on the basis of their sequence are not expressed in our growth conditions. An additional transcript which does not correspond to a large ORF was found. Steady-state RNA level of most ORFs is 10 to 100 times than that of the actin gene, only three are transcribed in comparable amounts. Three ORFs show variable levels of transcripts in the different growth conditions, all patterns being different from one another. Extrapolation of these results to systematic transcript analysis of chromosome XI and other yeast chromosomes is presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1459-1466 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Pichia pinus ; glucose catabolite repression ; glucose transport ; isolation of mutants ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A new method for the isolation of glucose repression-insensitive mutants in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pinus was developed. The method is based on screening of small suspension samples derived from 2-deoxyglucose-resistant colonies for alcohol oxidase activity. Alcohol oxidase activity was evaluated by determination of formaldehyde excreted by cells. Mutants with glucose non-repressible alcohol oxidase and catalase synthesis were obtained. All mutants grew poorly on D-xylose compared to the wild type, whereas growth on L-arabinose was similar to the wild type. Changes in the glucose transport system were suggested to be responsible for altered growth characteristics and defective glucose repression.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 37
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Candida tropicalis ; peroxisomes ; nonspecific lipid-transfer protein ; sterol carrier protein-2 ; stress protein ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A 14-kDa peroxisomal-matrix protein, named PXP-18, of the yeast Candida tropicalis is a structural and functional homologue of the mammalian nonspecific lipid-transfer protein (identical to sterol carrier protein-2). PXP-18 protected acyl-coenzyme A oxidase (ACO), the rate limiting enzyme of the peroxisomal β-oxidation of fatty acids, from thermal inactivation at 48°C or 70°C. This effect was dose-dependent and not replaceable either by chicken egg white lysozyme, which is similar to PXP-18 (insofar as it is basic, small, and monomeric), or by bovine serum albumin, a carrier of lipids in the blood. ACO was irreversibly denatured by heat treatment at 70°C for 15 min. However, when ACO and PXP-18 were similarly heat-treated, they formed a large complex at a molar ratio of PXP-18 to ACO subunit that was about one, independent of their initial ratio. This near-stoichiometric complex had ACO activity after a 500-fold dilution and was accompanied by ACO that was free of PXP-18 and indistinguishable from native ACO in size and activity. PXP-18 also protected urate oxidase, another peroxisomal enzyme, from inactivation at 66°C for 15 min and facilitated the renaturation of ACO denatured by 2 M urea. These results indicated that PXP-18 is active in modulating the structure of peroxisomal enzymes in vitro. It is possible that PXP-18 functions as a stress protein or as a part of the system that keeps peroxisomal proteins intact.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 38
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; genome ; ribosomal protein S13 ; SUP46 ; URP1 ; rat ribosomal protein L21 ; AAA-family proteins ; MADS-domain ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The nucleotide sequence of a 12·5 kb fragment localized to the right arm of chromosome II of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined. The sequence contains eight putative genes. Two of them are contiguous and represent two ribosomal protein genes: SUP46 and URP1. SUP46 is implicated in translation fidelity and encodes the ribosomal protein S13. URP1 is homologous to the rat ribosomal protein gene L21. The open reading frame (ORF) YBR1245 is similar in its N-terminal part to transcription factors like SRF and MCM1. The ORF YBR1308 shows homology with proteins of the AAA-family (ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities). Two genes are predicted to encode putative membrane proteins. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number U02073.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome IV ; POL3 (CDC2) ; KIN28 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The nucleotide sequence of a 5 kb EcoRI-NcoI fragment of chromosome IV, contiguous to gene POL3 (CDC2), has been determined. It contains three open reading frames: QRI1, QRI2 and QRI7. Two of them are essential genes. QRI7 is homologous to the Escherichia coli orfx gene. Accession number to EMBL/Genbank Data Library is X79380.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 41
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome X ; hexose transporter ; α-glucosidase ; left telomere ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have sequenced on both strands a 40,257 bp fragment located near the left telomere of chromosome X of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.The sequenced segment contains 21 open reading frames (ORFs) at least 100 amino acids long. Five of the ORFs correspond to known amino acid sequences: two hypothetical proteins in the subtelomeric Y′ repeat region of 65·4 and 12·8 KDa, the cytochrome B pre-mRNA processing CBP1 protein, the mitochondrial nuclease NUC1 and the CRT1 protein. Of the 16 remaining ORFs, eight show highest homologies with the S. cerevisiae hexose transporters family (two ORFs), the yeast α-glucosidase (two ORFs), the yeast PEP1 precursor, the Escherichia coli galactoside O-acetyltransferase, the S. cerevisiae 137·7 KDa protein located in the Y′ region and a protein of unknown function of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Finally, eight of the ORFs exhibit no significant similarity with any amino acid sequences described in data banks.DNA sequence comparison has revealed the presence of different repeated elements characteristic of yeast chromosome ends.Disruption studies have been performed on two ORFs encoding putative proteins of unknown function.The sequence has been entered in the EMBL Data Library under Accession Number Z34098.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 42
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Genome renewal ; wine yeast ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; homothallism ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have analyzed by genetic means 43 strains of Saccharomyces that had been isolated from fermenting grape musts in Italy. Twenty eight of these strains were isolated from 28 cellars in the Region of Emilia Romagna. The other 15 strains came from 5 fermentations at four cellars near the city of Arpino, which is located south and east of Rome.We found that 20 of the 28 strains from Emilia Romagna were heterozygous at from one to seven loci. The balance were, within the limits of our detection, completely homozygous. All these strains appeared to be diploid and most were homozygous for the homothallism gene (HO/HO). Spore viability varied greatly between the different strains and showed an inverse relation with the degree of heterozygosity.Several of the strains, and in particular those from Arpino, yielded asci that came from genetically different cells. These different cells could be interpreted to have arisen from a heterozygote that had sporulated and, because of the HO gene, yielded homozygous diploid spore clones. We propose that natural wine yeast strains can undergo such changes and thereby change a multiple heterozygote into completely homozygous diploids, some of which may replace the original heterozygous diploid. We call this process ‘genome renewal’.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 43
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chitin ; glucan ; cell wall synthesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Pulse-chase experiments with [14C]glucose demonstrated that in the cell wall of wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae alkali-soluble (1-3)-β-glucan serves as a precursor for alkali-insoluble (1-3)-β-glucan. The following observations support the notion that the insolubilization of the glucan is caused by linkage to chitin: (i) degradation of chitin by chitinase completely dissolved the glucan, and (ii) disruption of the gene for chitin synthase 3 prevented the formation of alkali-insoluble glucan. These cells, unable to form a glucan-chitin complex, were highly vulnerable to hypo-osmotic shock indicating that the linkage of the two polymers significantly contributes to the mechanical strength of the cell wall.Conversion of alkali-soluble glucan into alkali-insoluble glucan occurred both early and late during budding and also in the ts-mutant cdc24-1 in the absence of bud formation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 44
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; cell cycle ; Cdc2 kinase ; GST ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Characterization of cdk (cyclin dependent kinases) substrates and studies of their regulation require purified enzymatic complexes of cdc2-related catalytic and cyclin regulatory subunits. We produced human Cdc2 kinase in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST). The GST-human Cdc2p fusion protein was active in vivo since it rescued a temperature-sensitive allele of cdc2. The fusion protein was purified using a one-step chromatography procedure with glutathione-Sepharose and exhibited a catalytic activity in vitro. Yeast cyclin B and suc1 were found in association with GST-Cdc2. A 17-fold stimulation of GST-Cdc2 kinase activity was obtained by incubation of recombinant human cyclin A with the S. pombe cellular extract prior to affinity purification. This indicates that cyclin concentration is limiting in this overexpression system. These findings describe a fast and easy production of active recombinant human Cdc2 kinase in yeast that can be used for biochemical studies.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1675-1682 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 47
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XI ; DNA sequencing project ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A 20·5 kb DNA fragment from the left arm of chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been sequenced and analysed. Thirteen open reading frames (ORFs) for proteins longer than 100 amino acids were discovered. Among them, two are the known genes MRP49 and TPK3; two others encode proteins which show strong similarity with a yeast putative protein kinase and a yeast choline transport protein; one other shows weaker similarity with a yeast Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Moreover, two putative proteins encoded by ORFs located in the sequenced fragment are closely similar to non-yeast proteins: the Caenorhabditis elegans elongation factor 2 and a glutamic acid-rich protein of Plasmodium falciparum. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number Z26878.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 319-331 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; histones ; nucleosome assembly ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have developed a procedure to purify nucleosomal assembly-competent histones as a mixture of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 from isolated nuclei of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a purity of 70-80%. The mixture contained each of the histone subunits approximately at the equi-molar ratio. Plasmid pBR322 DNA was assembled into nucleosomes with the purified yeast histones in the presence of nucleoplasmin from unfertilized eggs of the frog Xenopus laevis. The efficiency of assembly of yeast histones was comparable to that of core histones purified from HeLa cells. The length of DNA fragment wrapping around a core histone particle and the molar ratio of histone components in an assembled nucleosome particle were estimated to be 150 ± 10 bp long and H2A:H2B:H3:H4 = 1·0:0·9:0·9:1·0, respectively.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 199-209 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): PFK3 gene ; particulate phosphofructokinase ; nutrient stress ; thermal stress ; trehalose ; glycogen ; S. cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The pfk3 mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae causes glucose-negativity in a pfk1 genetic background, the mutant is temperature-sensitive for growth and homozygous diploids do not sporulate. It fails to accumulate trehalose, and has an altered glycogen accumulation profile under glucose-starvation conditions. pfk3-6, one of the alleles of pfk3, has an altered morphology, forming long chain-like structures at 36°C. The PFK3 gene was cloned by complementation of the mutant phenotypes. Integrative transformation demonstrated that the complementing fragment encoded the authentic PFK3 gene. The disruption of the gene does not affect viability. Like the EMS-induced pfk3 mutant, the disruptants are temperature-sensitive and in a pfk1 genetic background are also glucose-negative. The PFK3 transcript is induced by heat-shock. Partial DNA sequence shows that PFK3 is identical to TPS2 (De Virgilio et al., 1993). We demonstrate that, apart from being a structural determinant of trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase, PFK3 (TPS2) is required for PFKII synthesis and normal regulation of S. cerevisiae response to nutrient and thermal stresses.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 50
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Genome sequencing ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XI ; SMY1 ; pre-mRNA splicing factor ; ATPase subunit C ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We report the DNA sequence analysis of a region on the left arm of chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae extending over 10 kb. The region contains five open reading frames (ORFs) of greater than 100 amino acids which do not show significant overlap with other ORFs. YKL408 contains a sequence with strong similarity to the RNA helicase pre-mRNA splicing factors PRP2, PRP16 and PRP22 (Burgess et al., 1990; Company et al., 1991; Ruby et al., 1991). YKL409 corresponds to the gene SMY1, the sequence of which was previously reported by Lillie and Brown (1992). YKL410 is identical to ATPase subunit C (Beltran et al., 1992) except for an N-terminal extension. YKL406 and YKL407 show no significant identity with any sequences in the databases searched. The sequence has been entered in the EMBL Data Library under Accession Number X75560.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 693-695 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome VIII ; STE20 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: STE20 is a newly-discovered element of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae pheromone response pathway. We have isolated a recessive ste20 mutation and have used it to map the gene to the left arm of chromosome VIII, establishing the gene order STE20-CEN8-GPA1-ARG4.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 52
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Transcription factors ; mitochondrial RNA polymerase ; zinc-finger protein ; glutamine domain ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A yeast strain with a point mutation in the nuclear gene for the core subunit of mitochondrial RNA polymerase was used to isolate new extragenic suppressors. Spontaneously occurring phenotypical revertants were analysed by crosses with the wild-type and tetrad dissection. One of the new nuclear suppressor mutants was characterized by temperature-sensitive growth on non-fermentable carbon sources. This mutant was transformed with a genomic yeast library. Two independent types of DNA clones were isolated which both complemented the temperature-sensitive defect. Subcloning and DNA sequencing identified two novel yeast genes which code for proteins with the characteristic features of transcription factors. Both factors exhibit highly structured protein domains consisting of runs and clusters of asparagine and glutamine residues. One of the proteins contains in addition zinc-finger domains of the C2H2-type. Therefore the genes are proposed to be named AZF1 (asparagine-rich zinc-ffinger protein) and PGD1 (polyglutamine domain protein). Gene disruption of both reading frames has no detectable influence on the vegetative growth on complete glucose or glycerol media, indicating that the genes may act as high copy number suppressors of the mutant defect. Additional transformation experiments showed that AZF1 is also an efficient suppressor for the original defect in the core subunit of mitochondrial RNA polymerase. The DNA sequences for the AZF1 and PGD1 genes were submitted to the EMBL data base (Accession Numbers: Z26253 and Z26254).
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 53
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): REB1 ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; random selection ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have used a random selection protocol to define the consensus and range of binding sites for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae REB1 protein. Thirty-five elements were sequenced which bound specifically to a GST-REB1p fusion protein coupled to glutathione-Sepharose under conditions in which more than 99·9% of the random sequences were not retained. Twenty-two of the elements contained the core sequence CGGGTRR, with all but one of the remaining elements containing only one deviation from the core. Of the core sequence, the only residues that were absolutely conserved were the three consecutive G residues. Statistical analysis of a nucleotide-use matrix suggested that the REB1p binding site also extends into flanking sequences with the optimal sequence for REB1p binding being GNGCCGGGGTAACNC. There was a positive correlation between the ability of the sites to bind in vitro and activate transcription in vivo; however, the presence of non-conformants suggests that the binding site may contribute more to transcriptional activation than simply allowing protein binding. Interestingly, one of the REB1p binding elements had a DNAse 1 footprint appreciably longer than other elements with similar affinity. Analysis of its sequence indicated the potential for a second REB1p binding site on the opposite strand. This suggests that two closely positioned low-affinity sites can function together as a highly active site. In addition, database searches with some of the randomly defined REB1p binding sites suggest that related elements are commonly found within ‘TATA-less’ promoters.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 54
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome X ; COR cluster ; genes CYC1 ; UTR1 ; UTR3 ; OSM1 ; tRNAGly ; RAD7 ; open reading frame: systematic sequencing ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The COR region, a gene cluster located on chromosome X of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and including genes CYC1, UTR1, UTR3, OSM1, tRNAGly and RAD7, was sequenced within the framework of the European Union genome systematic sequencing project. It was compared with previously published sequences to be found in GenBank under the acronym YSCCORA. While some of the discrepancies observed can be readily ascribed to polymorphism, others most probably result from sequencing errors. A revised version of the sequence of the COR cluster is given. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL Data Library under Accession Number L26347.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 55
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Kluyveromyces ; ribosomal protein genes ; transcription activation ; growth control ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have investigated the relationship between the growth rate of two Kluyveromyces strains that differ in their maximum growth rate, namely K. lactis (μmax = 0·5 h-1) and K. marxianus (μmax = 1·1 h-1), and the transcription rate of ribosomal protein (rp) genes in these strains. The growth rate of either strain was varied by culturing the cells in a chemostat under conditions of glucose limitation at different dilution rates. Although the steady-state levels of transcription of the rp-genes of both Kluyveromyces strains were tightly coupled to the cellular growth rate, no clear relationship between the level of rp-gene transcription and the amount of in vitro binding of the RAP1- and ABF1-like proteins to the promoters of these rp-genes was observed.Upon a sudden increase in the growth rate of a steady-state culture, the transcription of rp-genes of K. lactis showed a different response from that in K. marxianus. Whereas a substantial overexpression of the K. lactis rp-genes was found during at least 4-5 h, the level of expression of the K. marxianus rp-genes was almost immediately adjusted to the new growth rate.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 56
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genome sequencing ; chromosome XI ; ALD homologue ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The yeast gene YKL741 is situated on the left arm of chromosome XI, 12 kb closer to the centromere with respect to the previously localized PAS1 gene. The new yeast gene codes for a homologue of the human ALD protein (ALD: adrenoleukodystrophy). The similarity between the YKL741 protein and the ALD protein is very high in the C-terminal half, which contains an ATP-binding cassette characteristic of the ABC family of transporters. Additionally the YKL741 protein shows some similarity to the ALD protein in the N-terminal half in three putative transmembrane spanning domains. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X76133 SC YKL.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 57
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome V ; 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase ; TFIID ; mapping ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The MAG1 gene encodes a 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase, which is involved in DNA alkylation repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mag1 mutant is deficient in 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase activity and shows enhanced sensitivity to several monofunctional alkylating agents. MAG1 is allelic to MMS5. This gene has been previously located on chromosome V by chromosomal hybridization. We present physical and genetic mapping data here showing that the MAG1 gene is located on chromosome V-R, proximal to and about 10 kilobase pairs away from the SPT15 gene coding for the yeast TATA-binding protein TFIID.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 58
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome IV ; chromosome XV ; acidic ribosomal phosphoproteins ; F1F0-ATPase stabilizing factor ; ribosomal protein S21 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The RPL44′ gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding the ribosomal protein YP1β(L44′) has been found to be linked to the STF1 gene, encoding a stabilizing factor of the F1F0-ATPase inhibitor protein from mitochondria. Evidence of this linkage comes from results obtained from Northern hybridization using a DNA probe that contains a complementary region to the 5′ end of the mRNA of RPL44′. Similarly, a data bank search has shown that RPL44, encoding ribosomal protein YP2α(L44) is linked to the rig gene that encodes ribosomal protein S21.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 733-745 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Zygosaccharomyces ; α-galactosidase ; karyotyping ; MEL gene polymorphism ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We cloned and sequenced a Zygosaccharomyces cidri MEL gene with a view to investigating the structure and regulation of yeast MEL genes. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence showed 78·6% and 78·2% similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces pastorianus α-galactosidases, respectively. The expression of the MEL gene in several Zygosaccharomyces strains was induced by galactose.An electrophoretic karyotype of several Zygosaccharomyces species was obtained using contour-clamped electric field gel electrophoresis. The minimum number of chromosomes was five for Z. cidri, six for Z. fermentati, three for Z. florentinus, and four for Z. microellipsoides. The sizes of the chromosomes were generally larger than those of S. cerevisiae, the smallest containing approximately 0·4 megabase.The MEL gene was located, using the Z. cidri MEL gene as a probe, on the largest chromosome of the Z. cidri strains. In addition, a smaller chromosome (600 kb) in Z. cidri strain CBS4575 showed hybridization to the homologous MEL probe. This chromosome was absent in Z. cidri strain CBS5666. The probe hybridized to the largest chromosome of Mel+ Z. fermentati strains but failed to hybridize to any chromosome of Mel+ Z. mrakii or Z. florentinus strains. These results suggest the existence of a polymorphic MEL gene family in the yeast Zygosaccharomyces.The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL Data Library under Accession Number L24957.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 60
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; trehalase ; protein kinase A ; nitrogen signaling ; cAMP ; growth control ; signal transduction ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Addition of a nitrogen-source to glucose-repressed, nitrogen-starved G0 cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the presence of a fermentable carbon source induces growth and causes within a few minutes a five-fold, protein-synthesis-independent increase in the activity of trehalase. Nitrogen-activated trehalase could be deactivated in vitro by alkaline phosphatase treatment, supporting the idea that the activation is triggered by phosphorylation. Yeast strains containing only one of the three TPK genes (which encode the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase) showed different degrees of nitrogen-induced trehalase activation. The order of effectiveness was different from that previously reported for glucose-induced activation of trehalase in glucose-derepressed yeast cells. Further reduction of TPK-encoded catalytic subunit activity by partially inactivating point mutations in the remaining TPK gene further diminished nitrogen-induced trehalase activation, while deletion of the BCY1 gene (which encodes the regulatory subunit) in the same strains resulted in an increase in the extent of activation. Deletion of the RAS genes in such a tpkw1 bcy1 strain had no effect. These results are consistent with mediation of nitrogen-induced trehalase activation by the free catalytic subunits alone. They support our previous conclusion that cAMP does not act as second messenger in this nitrogen-induced activation process and our suggestion that a novel nitrogen-induced signaling pathway integrates with the cAMP pathway at the level of the free catalytic subunits of protein kinase A. Western blot experiments showed that the differences in the extent of trehalase activation were not due to differences in trehalase expression. On the other hand, we cannot completely exclude that protein kinase A influences the nitrogen-induced activation mechanism itself rather than acting directly on trehalase. However, any such alternative explanation requires the existence of an additional, yet unknown, mechanism for activation of trehalase besides the well-established regulation by protein kinase A.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1117-1124 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; endoplasmic reticulum ; protein sorting ; Kluvermyces lactis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The ERD1 gene product is required for the correct localization of soluble proteins that normally reside in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Cell lacking ERD1 secrete resident ER proteins and, in addition, exhibit defects in the processing of glycoproteins. Here, the molecular characterization of the Kluyveromyces lactis ERD1 homologue is described. A comparison of the predicted sequences of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and K. lactis Erd1 proteins indicates that they are about 30% identical and 50% similar in sequence. Despite low sequence identity, these proteins are predicted to be conserved structurally. Furthermore, the K. lactis protein can functionally complement an S. cerevisiae mutant containing a deletion of the entire ERD1 gene, indicating these two proteins are functional homologues. The GenBank data library Accession Number for the DNA sequence reported in this paper is UO4714.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1173-1182 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Peroxisome ; 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase ; β-oxidation ; Pas-mutants ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A molecular understanding of peroxisome biogenesis depends upon the analysis of peroxisomal proteins. Here we describe the isolation of the 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase of the peroxisomal β-oxidation system from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a dimer of identical subunits, each with a molecular mass of 45 kDa. Monospecific polyclonal antibodies were raised against the purified enzyme, and its peroxisomal origin was demonstrated by immunoblotting of subcellular fractions as well as by immunogold labelling. We also show that these antibodies could be suitable for an immunofluorescence microscopy screening of yeast mutants affected in peroxisome assembly.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 63
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Cell wall ; glucan ; chitin ; killer toxin ; HPLC ; S. cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have previously shown that mutations in the yeast KNR4 gene resulted in pleiotropic cell wall defects, including resistance to killer 9 toxin, elevated osmotic sensitivity to SDS and increased resistance to zymolyase, a (1→3)-β-glucanase. In this report, we further demonstrated that knr4 mutant cells were more permeable to a chromogenic substrate, X-GAL, suggesting that the mutant cell walls were leakier to certain non-permeable molecules. To determine if these defects resulted from structural changes in the cell walls, we analysed the alkali-insoluble cell wall components using HPLC assays developed for this purpose. Comparative analysis using four isogenic strains from a ‘knr4 disrupted’ tetrad demonstrated that mutant cell walls contained much less (1→3)-β-glucan and (1→6)-β-glucan; however, the level of chitin, a minor cell wall component, was found to be five times higher in the mutant strains compared to the wild-type strains. The data suggested that the knr4 mutant cell walls were dramatically weakened, which may explain the pleiotropic cell wall defects.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 64
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome II ; sequencing ; ribosomal protein ; intron ; hsp 70 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A 7·4 kb segment of chromosome II was sequenced and analysed. This segment is part of the 25 kb insert of cosmid clone α1004.10 which is located on the left arm of chromosome II. Sequence analysis revealed four open reading frames (ORFs), of which two had been characterized previously (SSA3, AAR2) and one was not identified. The other ORF was precisely 600 bp long and the deduced protein sequence predicted a very basic protein (pI=11·1; molecular weight=22·5 kDa). Evidence was found that the ORF is the S40 ribosomal protein gene (RPG) S8. Consensus splice signals were found in the 5′ leader sequence and also potential RPG-specific sequences. Chromoblot analysis revealed a second copy of the S8 RPG on chromosome IV or VIII. This copy is also closely linked to an hsp70 protein gene, SSA4. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under accession number Z26879.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1133-1140 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Kluyveromyces lactis ; alcohol dehydrogenase ; ADH genes ; isozymes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Four genes coding for alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activities were identified in Kluyveromyces lactis. Due to the presence in this yeast of multiple ADH isozymes, mutants in the individual genes constructed by gene replacement yielded no clear phenotype. We crossed these mutants and developed a screening procedure which allowed us to identify strains lacking several ADH activities. The analysis of the adh triple mutants revealed that each activity confers to the cell the ability to grow on ethanol as the sole carbon source. On the contrary, adh null strains failed to grow on this substrate, indicating that no other important ADH activities are present in K. lactis cells. In the adh null mutants we also found a residual production of ethanol, as has been reported to be the case in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This production showed a ten-fold increase when the K1ADHI activity was reintroduced in the null mutant and cells were cultivated under oxygen-limiting conditions. Differently from S. cerevisiae, glycerol is poorly accumulated in K. lactis adh null mutants.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1183-1193 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Agglutinin ; brewer's yeast ; flocculation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Yeast cell-agglutinating activity, designated agglutinin (possible lectin), was isolated from cell walls of both non-flocculent and flocculent brewer's yeast cells. Agglutinin-mediated aggregation of yeast cells in a manner similar to flocculation with respect to specific mannose-sensitivity, pH-dependence and calcium-dependence. Agglutinating activity was found to be heat-stable and protease-insensitive. Furthermore, addition of agglutinin to flocculent cells strongly stimulated the flocculation ability of the cells, whereas addition to non-flocculent cells rendered these cells weakly flocculent.Agglutinin was found to be released from flocculent cells during the course of a flocculation assay, but not from non-flocculent cells. Presence of mannose during the assay inhibited release of agglutinin. Our results suggest that (i) mannose-specific agglutinin is continuously synthesized during growth of brewer's yeast cells, (ii) agglutinin is present in cell walls of non-flocculent cells but is unable to bind its ligand on other cells, and (iii) the ability of yeast cells to flocculate in a flocculation assay depends, among other factors, on release of agglutinin from the cells. A 10-kDa polypeptide might represent one form of agglutinin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 67
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; chromosome II ; sequence ; IRA1 ; DEAD-box helicase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a 12·5 kb segment from the right arm of chromosome II carried by the cosmid α20. The sequence encodes the 5′ end of the IRA1 gene. Two complete new open reading frames and the 3′ non-coding region of the SUP1 (SUP45) gene. A comparison of our sequence with the data bank reveals a 154 amino acid extension at the N-terminus of Ira1p compared to the previously predicted sequence. According to the 11th edition of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetic map, our sequence should encode the MAK5 gene, which is necessary for the maintenance of dsRNA killer plasmids. One of the two new open reading frames, YBR1119, is predicted to encode an RNA helicase, thus YBR1119 may correspond to the MAK5 gene. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X78937.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 68
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1273-1283 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Gene fusion ; expression library ; CCAAT-box ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have developed a screening method to isolate yeast genes regulated by a specific transcription activator. The screen is based on the use of expression libraries in which the lacZ reporter gene is placed under control of yeast regulatory elements. Two partially representative libraries, constructed by different methods, were used to isolate genes regulated by the yeast CCAAT-box binding protein Hap2p. Among 26 fusions shown to be regulated by Hap2p only CYT1 was known to be regulated by this activator. Sequence analysis revealed that most of the remaining regulated fusions are in new yeast genes, while some are in previously characterized yeast genes (PTP1, RPM2, SDH1). Optimal expression of these three genes also requires Hap3p and Hap4p and is regulated by carbon source. Hap2p was known to regulate expression of genes involved in Krebs cycle, electron transport and heme biosynthesis. Our results suggest that Hap2p could play a more general role by regulating other mitochondrial processes such as protein import and phosphate transport (PTP1) or maturation of mitochondrial tRNAs (RPM2). Among the remaining regulated fusions, two of them correspond to open reading frames (ORFs) on chromosomes III and XI whose nucleotide sequences have been entirely determined. The use of this approach to functionally analyse ORFs of unknown function is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 70
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Pectinase ; polygalacturonase ; pectinlyase ; pectinesterase ; yeast ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The catalytic capacity of several excreted pectinolytic enzymes obtained from various yeast strains was examined using in vivo and biochemical techniques. Of the 33 yeast strains studied, 30 were isolated from champagne wine during alcoholic fermentation. Only one yeast strain was found to excrete pectinolytic enzymes and was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and designated SCPP. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the polymerase chain reaction technique were used to characterize further this specific strain. Three types of pectinolytic enzymes were found to be excreted by SCPP: polygalacturonase, pectin-lyase and pectin-esterase. These enzymes allow pectin hydrolysis during cell growth.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 71
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): F1F0-ATPase ; ATP1 ; ATP2 ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosomes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Southern blot analysis showed that ATP1 and ATP2 map on chromosomes II and X, respectively. Physical mapping of ATP1 and ATP2 by chromosome fragmentation showed that ATP1 is at the left end of chromosome II and ATP2 is at the right end of chromosome X. Both are located close to telomere sequences of each chromosome; ATP1 and ATP2 being approximately 30 kb and 85 kb from the respective telomeres.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 72
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome II ; polymerase α-primase ; cyclohydrolase II ; ribA ; DNA sequencing ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The DNA sequence of two contiguous 7648 bp and 1194 bp BamHI fragments from the cosmid α1201 located about 60 kb from the centromere on the left arm of chromosome II from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined. Sequence analysis reveals four new open reading frames longer than 300 bp: YBL0415 (309 bp), YBL0416 (4539 bp). YBL0417 (1035 bp) and YBL0414 (2115 bp), which extends into the neighbouring 5·2 kb BamHI fragment. The YBL0414 shows homologies to the mouse 68 kDa and Drosophila melanogaster 76 kDa subunits of the DNA polymerase α-primase complex. The YBL0417 is homologous to bacterial GTP cyclohydrolase II (EC 3.5.4.25). The sequence has been deposited in the EMBC data library under Accession Number X74738.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 73
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Genome sequencing ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XI ; FBA1 ; TFIIA ; TOA2 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The complete DNA sequence of cosmid clone pUKG148 comprising 28 600 base pairs was determined from an ordered set of subclones. The sequence contains 22 open reading frames longer than 100 amino acids of which five are entirely covered by other, longer reading frames. YKL054 exhibits 25% homology at the amino acid level to a number of plant storage proteins of the glutenin type, YKL056 is 40% homologous to a translationally controlled mammalian tumour protein, YKL058 (TOA2) is identical to the small subunit of transcription factor TFIIA from yeast and YKL060 is identical to the FBA1 gene also from yeast, already sequenced but not mapped to chromosome XI. The remaining 13 open reading frames show weak or no homology to known genes. The nucleotide sequence data have been deposited in the EMBL and GenBank data libraries under Accession Number X75781.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 13-27 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): RAD3 ; helicase ; nucleotide excision repair ; mitotic recombination ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The mutations rad3-101 and rad3-102 (formerly rem1-1 and rem1-2) of the essential RAD3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae confer a phenotype of semidominant enhancement of spontaneous mitotic recombination and mutation frequencies, but not extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) light. These properties differ from the previously published observations of other rad3 mutations, which are very UV-sensitive but do not alter recombination frequencies significantly. We have located the position of DNA sequence changes from wild-type RAD3 to the rad3-101 and rad3-102 mutations and have demonstrated that these sequence changes are necessary and sufficient to confer the (Rem-) mutant phenotype when transferred into otherwise wild-type RAD3 plasmids. The Rem- mutations are not located in the same region. It is possible that the two regions of the gene in which these mutations map define portions of the molecule which are in contact when folded in the native configuration. To begin to test this hypothesis, we have constructed two double mutant alleles, one with rad3-101 and rad3-102, and one with the UV-sensitive rad3-1 mutation and rad3-102. We find that plasmids carrying these double mutant alleles of RAD3 are no longer able to confer a hyper-recombinational phenotype and do not complement the UV-sensitivity of the excision-defective rad3-2 allele. We conclude that the double mutant alleles are non-functional for excision repair, and may be null. We have also constructed new rad3 alleles by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis and have tested their effects on spontaneous mutation and mitotic recombination and on UV repair.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 81-92 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Retrotransposon ; transcription ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XI ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: SPT genes are suppressors of mutations induced by the retrotransposon Ty in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. All SPT genes isolated to date suppress Ty-induced mutations by altering transcription. SPT23 was identified as a multicopy suppressor of the Ty-induced promoter mutations his4-912δ and lys2-61. Multicopy expression of SPT23 suppresses a variety of Ty-induced promoter mutations, including the MAT-regulated alleles his4-917 (480) and lys2-173R2. Here, we report the initial characterization of the SPT23 gene, including its nucleotide sequence and location in the yeast genome. The SPT23 gene contains a 1854 base pair open reading frame. Searches of the current data bases show no homology between SPT23 and previously described genes or proteins. The SPT23 gene is located between RAM2 and MAK11 on the left arm of chromosome XI. Tn10-LUK insertional mutagenesis of the SPT23 gene indicates that SPT23 is not essential for vegetative growth and spt23 mutations do not confer an Spt- phenotype.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 76
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XI ; DNA-binding ; leucine zipper ; HMG box ; tRNAval. ; Kazal serine protease inhibitor signature ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We report the nucleotide sequence of an 11·7 kb fragment from the left arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XI. Analysis reveals a new tRNA for valine and four unknown open reading frames among which YKL245 shows homology with a yeast mitochondrial regulatory protein and YKL244, YKL246 and YKL247 are unknown.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 185-197 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; energy metabolism ; respiration ; fermentation ; metabolic flux ; aerobic chemostat culture ; model ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The pattern of energy metabolism of different types of yeasts (obligate aerobes and facultative anaerobes) in aerobic chemostat cultures has been evaluated and interpreted on the basis of a coupling of metabolic fluxes between glycolytic and oxidative components.A model has been formulated which defines glycolytic and oxidative subunits through which the substrate C-flux (gram-atom g-1 h-1) is calculated, stating that a relative imbalance between glycolytic flux and subsequent oxidative steps alone is sufficient to account for the onset of oxidoreductive metabolism in any type of yeast, irrespective of the maximum respiratory capacity. The model is able to reproduce the patterns of behaviour reported for the different types of yeasts, and the individual features of each strain are explained on the basis of metabolic differences which are defined by a set of normalized parameters. The model can be applied to different substrates and conditions, providing a methodological basis for more detailed studies of the steps controlling yeast energy metabolism.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): HEM2 ; promoter ; δ-aminolaevulinate dehydratase ; PBG synthetase ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: This paper reports the 1890-bp sequence located upstream of the HEM2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The following potential regulatory protein-binding motifs were found: ABF1-binding site, yAP1-binding site, two REB1-binding sites, a cyclic AMP-responsive element, RAP1-binding site, and several HAP2-HAP3-HAP4 binding sites, implicating a complex regulatory mechanism governing expression for the HEM2 gene.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 59-65 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Hexose transport ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; glycolysis ; hexoses ; phosphorylation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The constitutive transport of hexoses in yeast has been re-examined with a new radioactive experimental approach devised to distinguish between association or independence of the transport step with phosphorylation of the sugar substrate. The approach takes advantage of the fact that the label of [2-3H]mannose disappears once it has been phosphorylated by the yeast, due to its conversion to fructose-6-phosphate. Our results with wild-type yeast and this fermentable sugar support the view that the transport of hexoses in yeast does not involve phosphorylation of the substrate. Other features of the transport process have been examined using this experimental procedure and are also reported.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 105-112 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Cloning vectors ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; fusion proteins ; epitope tagging ; immunodetection ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In this paper are described a set of new high-copy-number yeast vectors, which are specially designed for the conditional expression of epitope-tagged proteins in vivo. One of the major advantages of these plasmids is that they allow polymerase chain reaction-amplified open reading frames to be automatically fused in frame with the epitope-coding sequence, avoiding longer procedures such as site-directed mutagenesis. This heterologous construction can be realized either at the 5′-end of the coding sequence, in the pYeF1 vector, or at its 3′-end, in pYeF2, generating N- or C-terminal tagged proteins, respectively. Moreover, to increase the usefulness of the method, derivatives of the two basic URA3-borne pYeF1 and pYeF2 were constructed, carrying either the HIS3 or TRP1 gene as a marker of selection. These vectors could be of use for the purpose of functional analysis of the newly discovered genes resulting from the systematic sequencing of the yeast genome. Here, we present results showing the functional expression and the efficient immunoprecipitation of the epitope-tagged Rna15 protein, which is involved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mRNA stability.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 82
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; pyruvate dehydrogenase ; control of gene expression ; PDA1 ; GCN4 ; chromosome V ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The location and sequence of the PDA1 gene, encoding the E1α subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were determined. The PDA1 gene was located on a 6·2 kb fragment of chromosome V, approximately 18 kb centromere distal to RAD3. Consistent with this, the PDA1 gene was genetically mapped at 4 cM from RAD3. A part of the 6·2 kb fragment of chromosome V was sequenced. The nucleotide sequence contained the PDA1 open reading frame and the entire putative promoter. Computer analysis revealed a putative GCN4 binding motif in the PDA1 promoter. The presence of transcriptional elements was experimentally determined by deletion analysis. To this end, ExoIII deletions were constructed in the 5′ to 3′ direction of the PDA1 promoter and effects on transcription were determined by Northern analysis. Transcription was unaffected upon deletion to position - 190 relative to the ATG start codon. Deletions from position - 148 and beyond, however, reduced promoter activity at least 40-fold. Apparently the 42 bp between nucleotides - 190 and - 148 contain an element essential for transcription. Inactivation of the PDA1 promoter could not be attributed to deletions of a recognizable TATA element or any known yeast regulatory motifs. The possible role of the CCCTT sequence present in the 42 bp region and also in the promoters of the other genes encoding subunits of the PDH complex is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 425-439 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; morphogenesis ; MAP kinase ; osmotic stress ; cell division ; actin cytoskeleton ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a genetic program for selecting and assembling a bud site on the cell cortex. Yeast cells confine their growth to the emerging bud, a process directed by cortical patches of actin filaments within the bud. We have investigated how cells regulate budding in response to osmotic stress, focusing on the role of the high osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) pathway in mediating this regulation. An increase in external osmolarity induces a growth arrest in which actin filaments are lost from the bud. This is followed by a recovery phase in which actin filaments return to their original locations and growth of the original bud resumes. After recovery from osmotic stress, haploid cells retain an axial pattern of bud site selection while diploids change their bipolar budding pattern to an increased bias for forming a bud on the opposite side of the cell from the previous bud site. Mutants lacking the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase encoded by HOG1 or the MAP kinase kinase encoded by PBS2 (previously HOG4) show a similar growth arrest after osmotic stress. However, in the recovery phase, the mutant cells (a) do not restart growth of the original bud but rather start a new bud, (b) fail to restore actin filaments to the original bud but move them to the new one, and (c) show a more random budding pattern. These defects are elicited by an increase in osmolarity and not by other environmental stresses (e.g., heat shock or change in carbon source) that also cause a temporary growth arrest and shift in actin distribution. Thus, the HOG pathway is required for repositioning of the actin cytoskeleton and the normal spatial patterns of cell growth after recovery from osmotic stress.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 481-490 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): THI4 (MOL1) ; thiamine biosynthesis ; thiamine uptake ; regulation ; molasses ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: THI4, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene originally identified as a result of transient expression in molasses medium and named MOL1 is regulated by thiamine. Using a THI4 promoter-lacZ fusion on a centromeric yeast vector, we have shown that the THI4 is completely repressed throughout batch culture by thiamine at a concentration around 1 μM, but shows high level constitutive expression in thiamine-free medium. The transient expression pattern observed in molasses medium can be mimicked by the addition of 0·15 μM-thiamine to defined minimal medium. Cells grown in thiamine-free medium have an intracellular thiamine concentration of around 9 pmol/107 cells. A low level (1 μM) of exogenous thiamine is completely sequestered from the medium within 30 min; intracellular thiamine concentrations rise rapidly, followed by a gradual decrease as a result of dilution during growth. A saturating extracellular level of thiamine leads to a maximal intracellular concentration of around 1600 pmol/107 cells, at which point the transport system is shut down. After transfer from repressing to non-repressing medium, THI4 becomes induced when the intracellular concentration of thiamine falls to 20 pmol/107 cells. A thi4::UARA3 disruption strain is auxotrophic for thiamine, but can grow in the presence of hydroxyethyl thiazole, indicating that the gene product is involved in the biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of the thiazole precursor of thiamine.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 85
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Ca2+ sensitive mutants ; cross-complementation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome XII ; CCC1 ; calcium regulation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We have isolated, sequenced, mapped and disrupted a novel gene, CCC1, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This gene displays non-allelic complementation of the Ca2+-sensitive phenotype conferred by the csg1 mutation. The ability of this gene, in two copies per cell, to reverse the csg1 defect suggests it may have a role in regulating Ca2+ homeostasis. The sequence of CCC1 indicates that it encodes a 322 amino acid, membrane-associated protein. The CCC1 gene is located on the right arm of chromosome XII. The sequence has been deposited in the GenBank data library under Accession Number L24112.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 595-601 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; M-factor ; pheromone ; peptide synthesis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Conjugation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is controlled by the reciprocal action of mating pheromones. We recently showed that M-factor, the pheromone released by cells of the cellular mating type Minus, is a nonapeptide in which the C-terminal cysteine residue is carboxyl-methylated and S-alkylated, probably with a farnesyl residue (Davey, 1992): Tyr-Thr-Pro-Lys-Val-Pro-Tyr-Met-Cys(S-farnesyl)-OCH3. Here we describe the chemical synthesis of this modified peptide and show that it exhibits all of the properties of the native pheromone. These results confirm the structure of the M-factor while the production of relatively large amounts of pure pheromone will be invaluable for studying the mating response in this yeast.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 613-624 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): mae2 ; malic acid ; wine ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Sequence analysis of a 4·6-kb HindIII fragment containing the malic enzyme gene (mae2) of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, revealed the presence of an open reading frame of 1695 nucleotides, coding for a 565 amino acid polypeptide. The mae2 gene is expressed constitutively and encodes a single mRNA transcript of 2·0 kb. The mae2 gene was mapped on chromosome III by chromoblotting. The coding region and inferred amino acid sequence showed significant homology with 12 malic enzyme genes and proteins from widely different origins. Eight highly homologous regions were found in these malic enzymes, suggesting that they contain functionally conserved amino acid sequences that are indispensable for activity of malic enzymes. Two of these regions have previously been reported to be NAD- and NADP-binding sites.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 659-662 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; purine salvage enzymes ; conserved sequences ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The nucleotide sequence of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a potential adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) has been determined. The protein encoded by this gene shows a high degree of similarity with APRTs from a variety of other species. The S. cerevisiae gene, named APT2, has been mapped to chromosome IV. The sequence has been deposited in the GenBank data library under Accession Number L14434.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 90
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; genome ; KRE2/MNT1 ; KTR1 ; KTR2 ; BEM1 ; BUD5 ; CDC24 ; TUP1 ; PRP4 ; MSI1 ; STE4 ; CDC4 ; dTAFII80 ; transducin ; G-β subunit ; WD-40 repeat ; SH3 domain ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: This paper reports the DNA sequence and analysis of an 11·7 kb segment localized on the right arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome II. This fragment contains one incomplete and five long and non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) designated from centromere to telomere-proximal side as: YBR1406, 1409, 1410, 1411, 1412 and 1413. YBR1406 corresponds to the 5′ end to PGI1 encoding phosphoglucoisomerase. YBR1410 encodes a polypeptide of 798 amino acids whose C terminus contains five repeats (WD-40 repeat) similar to those found in the β-subunits of G proteins and different yeast proteins such as Tup1, Prp4 and Cdc4. The higher similarity score is obtained with dTAFII80, a component of the RNA polymerase II transcriptional complex TFIID. YBR1411 encodes a polypeptide of 464 amino acids which belongs to the family of α-mannosyltransferases: KRE2/MNT1, KTR1, KTR2, YUR1 and the product of previously sequenced ORF YBR1445. YBR1412 corresponds to BEM1. The two ORFs, YBR1409 and YBR1413, which do not exhibit significant similarity with any known coding sequences, define new genes. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL Data Library under Accession Number Z21487.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 91
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Fission yeast ; DNA curvature ; gel shift assay ; DNA-binding protein ; cloning and sequencing ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We searched for fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) proteins that preferentially bind to a synthetic curved DNA sequence, by means of a DNA-binding gel shift assay in the presence of an excess amount of a non-curved DNA sequence as a competitor. We identified such a protein in S. pombe. The protein, thus purified, has an apparent molecular weight of 42 000, as estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was suggested that this protein (42 K-protein) recognizes and binds to a curved DNA structure in a given nucleotide sequence, although it also binds to a non-curved DNA sequence with lower affinity. As its putative coding sequence, a 1·9-kilobase genomic DNA from S. pombe was cloned and sequenced. Sequencing of a cDNA clone also revealed the existence of an open reading frame, with no intron, encoding a 381-amino-acid protein with a calculated molecular mass, 41 597. This protein appears to be located in the nucleus. The predicted protein sequence revealed that the 42 K-protein exhibits no significant similarity to any other known proteins, except to a hypothetical protein of Caenorhabditis elegans.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 92
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): S. pombe ; sequencing ; arginine ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We report here the cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding arginase (car1) from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Since no arginase-less strain exists in this organism, we cloned the gene by functional complementation of a car1 mutant strain from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The S. pombe car1 gene encodes a 323 amino acids polypeptide sharing identity with arginases from different organisms. Measurements of arg3, arg11 and car1 mRNA under different growth conditions confirm the very weak repression by arginine of the two anabolic genes and show that the induction of arginase synthesis operates at a transcriptional level. The promoter of S. pombe car1 gene does not contain the ‘arginine boxes’ defined as the target of the ARGR-MCM1 proteins in the promoters of the arginine co-regulated genes in S. cerevisiae. The heterologous expression of S. pombe car1 gene in S. cerevisiae is independent of the ARGRII gene product (ArgRIIp/Arg81p). Determination of arginine, ornithine and citrulline intracellular concentrations shows the efficiency of the different controls operating in S. cerevisiae, and also indicates that in S. pombe enzyme compartmentation is not always sufficient to control the arginine metabolic flux.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 93
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Nucleotide metabolism ; a gene family of four ; in-frame insertion ; chromosomal localization ; Candida insectorum ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains at least four PRS genes, all of which have been cloned and sequenced. Each of the four derived amino acid sequences have more than 60% similarity to the corresponding polypeptides of man, rat, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The PRS1 gene maps on chromosome XI, PRS2 on chromosome V, PRS3 on chromosome VIII and PRS4 on chromosome II. One member of this gene family, PRS1, contains a region of non-homology (NHR) shown by cDNA cloning and sequencing not to be an intron. The results presented here suggest that the presence of this NHR is not detrimental to the function of the gene. To date the possibility of protein splicing can be neither proven nor disputed. The sequences submitted to the EMBL data library are available under the following accession numbers: PRS1 (X70069), PRS2 (X74414) and PRS3 (X74415).
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 843-850 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Poliovirus ; subviral particles ; posttranslational cleavage ; heterologous gene expression ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The sequence of the poliovirus genome encoding 3CD (a protease) was transferred to the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on expression vectors with either a constitutive or an inducible promoter. Transformants could only be obtained with vectors carrying the inducible transcription unit. Extracts of induced cells were able to cleave cell-free synthesized P1, the precursor of the poliovirus capsid proteins, into VP0, VP3 and VP1.In yeast cells constitutively expressing P1, induction of 3CD expression resulted in only trace amounts of processed products. Processing could be improved considerably by simultaneous induction of both P1 and 3CD expression. Analysis of extracts of such induced cells revealed the presence of particles that resembled authentic subviral particles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 965-973 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; chromosome X ; BCK1 ; SLK1 ; RADH ; transposon-facilitated DNA sequencing ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In the framework of the European yeast genome sequencing project, we have determined the nucleotide sequence of the cosmid clone 233 provided by F. Galibert (Rennes Cedex, France). We present here 9464 base pairs of this cosmid located on the left arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome X. This sequence contains two new open reading frames and includes the published sequences of the RADH gene (also identified as SRS2/HPR5) and the 3′-end of the gene BCK1/SLK1/SSP31. Deletion mutants of the two unknown genes J0909 and J0911 are viable. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under accession number X77087.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 979-980 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 99
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Multi-gene family ; ATPases ; proteasome ; S. cerevisiae ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: There is accumulating evidence for a large, highly conserved gene family of putative ATPases. We have identified 12 different members of this novel gene family (the YTA family) in yeast and determined the nucleotide sequences of nine of these genes. All of the putative gene products are characterized by the presence of a highly conserved domain of 300 amino acids containing specialized forms of the A and B boxes of ATPases. YTA1, YTA2, YTA3 and YTA5 exhibit significant similarity to proteins involved in human immunodeficiency virus Tat-mediated gene expression but more significantly to subunits of the human 26S proteasome. YTA1 and YTA2 are essential genes in yeast. Remarkably, the cDNA of human TBP-1 can compensate for the loss of YTA1. Preliminary experiments indicate that YTA1 is a component of the 26S protease complex from yeast. Our findings lead us to propose that YTA1, YTA2, YTA3 and YTA5 function as regulatory subunits of the yeast 26S proteasome. YTA10, YTA11 and YTA12 share significant homology with the Escherichia coli FtsH protein, and together with YTA4 and YTA6 may constitute a separate subclass within this family of putative ATPases.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1203-1210 
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ; confocal microscopy ; intercalating dye ; yeast ; rDNA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The ability of Candida parapsilosis to grow in the presence of high levels of ethidium bromide (EB) has been explored to study the effects of this intercalating dye on DNA in vivo. By employing confocal microscopy we have determined that EB penetrates the cellular membranes and binds rapidly to the nucleolus, whereas mitochondrial DNA becomes stained after a longer exposure to this dye. No detectable staining of the nucleus has been detected under these conditions.Electrophoretic studies of both undigested and restricted DNAs confirm that the nuclear DNA is unaffected by high levels of EB, with the exception of the rDNA-bearing chromosome that undergoes significant structural alterations in the presence of EB. Moreover, the hybridization signal with the rDNA probe is proportionally reduced in samples obtained from cultures grown in the presence of EB, suggesting that the average copy number of rRNA genes in these cultures may be affected.In striking contrast to other fungal species, the linear organelle genome in C. parapsilosis retains its structural and functional integrity in the presence of high concentrations of EB.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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