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  • GEOPHYSICS  (6.243)
  • 1970-1974  (5.928)
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  • 1
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Emittance measuring apparatus for temperatures up to 4000-deg f
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Total normal emittance measurement technique for opaque solid materials over 1000- to 3000-deg f range
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 3
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Pitfalls in thermal emission studies - terminology, experimental procedure, and physical standards
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Rotating-specimen furnace for use in determining spectral & total emittance of materials from measurement of radiant flux from specimen surface
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Temperature dependence of hemispherical emittance of metal and alloy strips in 100- to 1200-deg c range using blackbody vacuum chamber
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Spectral normal emittance of materials under simulated space environment
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 7
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Heated cavity reflectometer for thermal reflectance measurements of opaque surface
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Apparatus for measuring emittance and absorptivity of satellite temperature control surfaces
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Apparatus for measuring hemispherical emittance of solids in ambient & liquid nitrogen temperature range, with copper & aluminum foil data
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 10
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Thermocouple and radiation thermometry above 900 deg k
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 11
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Hemispherical emittance of structural materials & coatings under simulated spacecraft conditions over wide temperature range
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 12
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Measurement of total normal emittance of nuclear reactor materials - carbon steel, boron steel, & borated graphite
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 13
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Solar absorptance, emittance, & transmittance of thermal control coating for spacecraft
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 14
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Spectral emittance of opaque and transparent materials from 40- to 200-deg c
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 15
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Hemispheric spectral reflectance of opaque solids
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 16
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Calorimetric device for determination of solar absorption & infrared emittance ratio of materials at room temperature
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 17
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: Thermal radiation properties of solids at cryogenic temperatures
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 18
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-12-28
    Beschreibung: International practical temperature scale for temperature measurements below 1000-deg k using platinum resistance thermometers
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Measurement of Thermal Radiation Properties of Solids; NASA-SP-31
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  • 19
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-12-21
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Life Sci. Publ., Vol. 2; 11 p
    Format: text
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  • 20
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-12-21
    Beschreibung: Geochemical and minerological analyses of Apollo 12 soil and rock samples
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: APOLLO 12- PRELIM. SCI. REPT. 1 JUN. 1970; P 189-216
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  • 21
    Publikationsdatum: 2004-12-06
    Beschreibung: Photometric and polarimetric properties of Apollo 12 and Surveyor 3 landing sites
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER APOLLO 12- PRELIM. SCI. REPT. 1 JUN. 1970; P 157-161
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  • 22
    Publikationsdatum: 2004-12-06
    Beschreibung: Soil mechanics of regolith around Apollo 12 landing site
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER APOLLO 12- PRELIM. SCI. REPT. 1 JUN. 1970; P 161-182
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  • 23
    Publikationsdatum: 2004-12-06
    Beschreibung: Apollo 12 landing site geology and topography
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER APOLLO 12- PRELIM. SCI. REPT. 1 JUN. 1970; P 113-156
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  • 24
    Publikationsdatum: 2004-12-06
    Beschreibung: Apollo 12 passive seismometer design and signal interpretation
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: APOLLO 12- PRELIM. SCI. REPT. 1 JUN. 1970; P 39-53
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  • 25
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2004-12-06
    Beschreibung: Apollo 12 magnetometer data and selenomagnetic field determinations
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: APOLLO 12- PRELIM. SCI. REPT. 1 JUN. 1970; P 55-73
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  • 26
    Publikationsdatum: 2004-12-01
    Beschreibung: Engineering and scientific analysis of Surveyor 3 dust, TV camera, and structural components
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: APOLLO 12- PRELIM. SCI. REPT. 1 JUN. 1970; P 217-223
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  • 27
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The important chemical reaction affecting the neutral composition of the upper stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere is discussed. The role of atmospheric transport processes is emphasized and the problem of taking these into account is elucidated.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Phys. of the Space Environment; p 147-155
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  • 28
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The time-dependent response of the upper atmosphere to transient heat sources is considered. The basic problem is that of heating a compressible, heat-conducting fluid, which is described in the one-dimensional case by an analytic solution. Comparisons with satellite drag data of such first-order solutions are shown to be useful in determining energy requirements and in determining some constraints on the spatial distribution of the heating. Recent OGO-6 mass spectrometer and interferometric temperature measurements show that atmospheric disturbances during geomagnetic storms are much more prominent in the auroral zones. These results suggest that joule dissipation of auroral currents are important contributors to orbital perturbations of satellites.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Phys. of the Space Environment; p 3-23
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  • 29
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The heating and movement of the upper atmosphere at ionospheric levels in response to electric currents are discussed. Joule dissipation, generation of winds, and pressure gradients are significant factors in the energetics of the ionospheric electric currents flowing during magnetic storms and also of the Sq current system.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Phys. of the Space Environment; p 25-40
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  • 30
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Observing the development of upwelling on the northeast coast of Africa by measuring ocean surface emission with infrared radiometers on Nimbus satellites is reported. Using the temperature of the ocean as telemetered by the satellite, the biological potential of an area is estimated, and consequently the highest potential for fisheries.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 14-17
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  • 31
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The feasibility of carrying microwave radiometers on Nimbus E and F missions for sea ice surveys was studied in the arctic using aircraft. It was found that passive microwave signatures of Arctic Sea ice relate specifically to the structure and type of ice. It is concluded that a new tool for conducting ice surveys from aircraft and satellites with remote sensors was discovered.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 18-21
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  • 32
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The results of theoretical calculations for the reactions between electrons and negative hydrogen atoms are discussed for an electron colliding with a negative hydrogen ion and neutralizing the hydrogen ion by stripping the loosely bound electron from it, and the two free electrons moving away. A semi-quantum description of the process is presented in which the target is described in terms of quantum mechanics, and the projectile electron is described in a classical fashion.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 58-62
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  • 33
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The identification of ground features in Nimbus photography by comparisons with geology, soils, and vegetation maps is discussed for the Wyoming-Colorado area. It is concluded that in a semiarid region, high topographic relief shows good coassociation with exposed geology and with vegetation and, to a lesser degree, with soils types. In lower, flatter basins, most tonal patterns are related to subtle variations in soil color and vegetation cover. It is thought that maps based on spectral parameters as the proper descriptor of surface features may be required.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 2-7
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  • 34
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: A mathematical model on the heterodyne method of detecting gravitational waves is presented, using a dumbbell consisting of two masses situated in a plane and a plane-fronted gravitational wave traveling perpendicular to the plane. It is concluded that the detector sensitivity is not likely to be improved without employing very complicated and expensive super low temperature techniques.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: JPL Proc. of the Conf. on Exptl. Tests of Gravitation Theories; p 45-46
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  • 35
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The area of study was the southeastern Arizona test site and three areas within the site were studied in detail: Safford, Point of Pines, and Fort Apache-White River. These areas have terrain contrast ranging from flat arid regions to high alpine mountains. Data were obtained from the Apollo 9 photographic missions, high altitude aerial photography, and simulated ERTS-A data from high altitude aircraft. Various monoscopic and steroscopic devices were used to analyze the features, and film density variations were studied. No ground-based data were permitted. Thematic maps were prepared for geology, geomorphology, vegetation, hydrology, and soils. Interpreted boundaries were delineated, with no collaborative data used in the interpretation. Ground-based data were gathered during the overflight of high altitude aerial photography. A further study was made using the ground truth, and the data gathered on the ground were compared with original mapping. 80% to 85% of the interpretations in the areas checked were correct. It was proved that it is possible to monitor gross features of the vigor of crop lands and vegetative cover, to type soils and classify geologic features, and to determine hydrologic conditions.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 3 p
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  • 36
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The possibility of improving the accuracy of terrain classification by preprocessing spectral data was investigated. Terrain maps were made using the following techniques: 1) preprocessing by scan angle function transformation, using the computer-selected best set of three channels; and 2) preprocessing by ratio transformation, using the specified ERTS data channels, simulated by fitting the spectral response of each of the 12 data channels to the ERTS channels by a set of weighting coefficients. By using a simple technique during printout, the maps were produced in color. The normalized scan angle function transformation resulted in the most accurate classification. The best ratio transformation for the Yellowstone Park data was the ratio of each channel to the sum of all channels. A supervised training program involving maximum likelihood decision for selecting the best spectrometer channels and similar techniques for digitizing the data of the analog magnetic tapes were used. Cloud shadows were recognized in addition to eight classes of terrain. Preprocessing of data resulted in more accurate maps, required fewer training areas (hence less preparation and computer time), and enabled much of the area formerly classified as shadow to be reclassified according to actual terrain type.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1.; 25 p
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  • 37
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Remote sensing technology and data from instrumented satellites and high altitude aircraft are proposed for mapping land use on a current national basis, for monitoring changes and trends, and for creating statistical models which can be manipulated to demonstrate the probable effects of proposed land use and of environmental changes over large areas. Both Apollo spacecraft and aircraft photography were used; the spacecraft pictures delineated the cropland and urban boundaries more clearly. A computer model is also proposed for statistical analysis and for printing out updated maps automatically; this model will include a data bank which can be updated rapidly with changes detected by the computer.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 9 p
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  • 38
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-27
    Beschreibung: Ray tracing techniques for examination of refractivity profile sensitivity in tropospheric range and Doppler effects on profile shape
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: THE DEEP SPACE NETWORK, VOL. 1 15 FEB. 1971; P 22-30
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  • 39
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: A discussion is presented on the bearing strength and bearing load-penetration relations in lunar soil. These were measured in air as a function of bulk density. It was found that the relation between bulk density and the logarithm of the bearing capacity is about linear. Shapes of the load vs penetration curves were observed to be similar to those obtained with particulate material of terrestrial origin.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Analysis of Surveyor 3 Mater. and Phot. Returned by Apollo 12; p 227-232
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  • 40
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The discrepancy in temperature measurements of ionospheric electrons by Langmuir electrostatic probes, and radar backscatter are discussed. The discrepancy occurs at altitudes from 350 to 800km, and the probe temperatures are consistantly higher than the radar temperatures. It is concluded that the non-Maxwellian energy distribution provides an explanation for the altitude and the lower radar temperatures.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 43-45
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  • 41
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Passive microwave measurements were studied for determining sea state. It was found that the brightness temperature increases due to the foam produced by winds, and that the surface wind can be determined by the brightness temperature.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 22-27
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  • 42
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The gravitational interactions of mass energy stored in the weak interaction are being investigated. The magnitude of possible Eotvos anomalies, such as weak interaction, gravitational self-energy, spin-orbit interactions, and electromagnetic radiation reaction, are considered. A sensitive experiment was designed to determine whether weak interaction energy violates the equivalence principle. Factors to be considered in spacecraft design for the experiment are presented.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: JPL Proc. of the Conf. on Exptl. Tests of Gravitation Theories; p 228-235
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  • 43
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: A cryogenic gravity meter made of two parts, a magnetic suspension unit and a detection module, was used to monitor earth eigen vibrations. The magnetic field and field gradient are generated by energizing a set of superconducting coils made of niobium-zirconium alloy wire. The detection module is a double Josephson junction magnetometer. The output is printed on a chart recorder and later digitized using a computer; a Fourier transformation is performed on the accumulated data. The measurements of eigen vibrations are summarized in tabular and graphical representations.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: JPL Proc. of the Conf. on Exptl. Tests of Gravitation Theories; p 47-53
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  • 44
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: A tri-axis flux-gate magnetometer was used on four Gemini spacecraft for determination of the magnitude and direction of the local geomagnetic field with respect to the spacecraft. Conclusions derived from the data are not only important to the proton-electron spectrometer experiment, but also are of significance to any directional charged particle experiments that may be conducted. Even though the Gemini spacecraft was not clean magnetically, the data could be reduced to a form that supplied directional information on the magnetic field in relation to the spacecraft. Stray fields were the result of spacecraft structure, not the result of current flows that were produced within the spacecraft electrical systems. Efforts were made to reduce spacecraft stray fields and to facilitate the acquisition of more accurate data.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: The Gemini Program: Phys. Sci. Expt. Sum.; p 153-168
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  • 45
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: ESRO is considering a space experiment which is the definition phase. A more complete utilization of space techniques, leading to highly accurate acceleration measurements in a heliocentric spacecraft, together with an improved laser signal propagation method (using a space-borne atomic clock), could substantially increase the validity of the gravitational time delay test during solar conjunction. Preliminary investigations of the primary required techniques were carried out. These studies included an orbit analysis, investigation of drag-free techniques, and studies of the time measuring instrument. These studies were used to define the framework of a space experiment on gravitation theories. A preliminary feasibility study of the mission is being undertaken.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: JPL Proc. of the Conf. on Exptl. Tests of Gravitation Theories; p 236-241
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  • 46
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    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The results from ground-based experimental testing are presented. Prospects for improving these experiments are discussed. Radar echo time delays, perihelion advance and solar oblateness, time variation of the gravitational constant, and radio wave deflection are considered. Ground-based and spacecraft techniques are compared on an accuracy vs. cost basis.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: JPL Proc. of the Conf. on Exptl. Tests of Gravitation Theories; p 136-147
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  • 47
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Measurements of wave growth indicate an energy balance of the wave spectrum governed primarily by input from the atmosphere, nonlinear transfer to shorter and longer waves, and advection. The pronounced spectral peak and sharp low frequency cut-off characteristic of fetch-limited spectra are explained as a self-stabilizing feature of the nonlinear wave-wave interactions. The momentum transferred from the atmosphere to the wind waves accounts for a large part of the wind drag. These findings are relevant for remote microwave sensing of the sea surface by backscatter and passive radiometry methods.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NOAA Sea Surface Topography from Space, Vol. 2; 55 p
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  • 48
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Basic features of sea surface topography are reviewed, to show those oceanographic results which may be of value to a geodetic satellite program: (1) the shape and magnitude of the large scale features of the mean sea surface, relative to a level surface; (2) the position and magnitude of the slopes across the western boundary currents, from a variety of data; (3) an estimate of the position of the geoid, tied into the U.S. leveling network; and (4) a documented change of 60 to 70 cm in mean sea level, with respect to the geoid, between the U.S. east and west coasts.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NOAA Sea Surface Topography from Space, Vol. 2; 17 p
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  • 49
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Satellite observations of electron temperature and the topside electron density structure are used to calculate the red arc according to the thermal conduction model. In this model, energy from the magnetosphere flows in the electron gas along geomagnetic field lines into the ionosphere. This energy heats the ambient F-region electrons sufficiently to excite the oxygen atoms to the O I(1D) level by collisional impact giving rise to the 6300 A emission characteristic of the arc. For the 31 October/1 November 1968 red arc, the calculated emission rate, geographical position, and horizontal extent of the red arc are in agreement with the photometric data obtained by airglow observatories. Almost all of the energy conducted into the red arc is ultimately transferred to the neutral gas through elastic and inelastic collisions. This energy drives a large thermal cell and the circulation extends the influence of the arc thousands of kilometers beyond the region of direct heat input. The calculated neutral gas temperature response to electron heating within the arc is small.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Phys. of the Space Environment; p 45-69
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  • 50
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    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Miniature mass spectrometers were developed and were carried on sounding rockets to determine the composition of the upper atmosphere. Techniques have been developed that accurately correct for the velocity and spin of the moving vehicle. Above 120 km N2, O2, and Ar appear to be in diffusive equilibrium. Most He concentration measurements show a more rapid decline with altitude than predicted by diffusive equilibrium. Because of the highly reactive nature of atomic oxygen, measurements of this species by mass spectrometry are low by an unknown factor.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Phys. of the Space Environment; p 129-145
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  • 51
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The seasonal changes in aspect of the Niger River in the Republic of Mali, West Africa, as seen in daytime imagery obtained by the high-resolution infrared radiometer on Nimbus 3 are described. The identification of different plants by their reflectance is shown to provide an ecological map that changes with time. It is concluded that Nimbus imagery provides an integrated view of the entire watershed on a daily basis.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 8-13
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  • 52
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Daily Tiros and ESSA satellite television nephanalysis over the Pacific Ocean were collected, and monthly cloud charts drawn to study the interaction of tropical oceans with the atmosphere. The data were correlated with climatological data for rainfall and surface temperatures.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 28-31
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  • 53
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Local geology of Hadley Rille near the landing site of Apollo 15 is described. Orbital photography from the Hasselblad, metric, and panoramic cameras is used to study regional relationships of the rille. The shape of the rille due to various natural causes is examined, along with stratigraphic measurements of mare materials.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center Apollo 15 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 5 p
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  • 54
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: High resolution panoramic photographs taken from 110 km orbits of the command service module show the lunar module structure on the moon as evidenced by reflected light and by the shadow. Before and after photographs of the landing site are presented; the increased brightness or halo is attributed to mare surface materials.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center Apollo 15 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 3 p
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  • 55
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Color infrared photographs of the Beartooth Mountains, Montana show the distribution of mafic dikes and amphibolite bodies. Lineaments that cross grassy plateaus can be identified as dikes by the marked constrast between the dark rocks and the red vegetation. Some amphibolite bodies in granitic terrain can also be detected by infrared photography and their contacts can be accurately drawn due to enchanced contrast of the two types of rock in the near infrared. Reflectance measurements made in the field for amphibolite and granite show that the granite is 25% to 50% more reflective in the near infrared than in the visible region. Further enhancement is due to less atmospheric scattering than in the visible region. Thermal infrared images of the Mill Creek, Oklahoma test site provided information on geologic faults and fracture systems not obtainable from photographs. Subtle stripes that cross outcrop and intervening soil areas and which probably record water distribution are also shown on infrared photographs.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 12 p
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  • 56
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The feasibility of using multispectral, color, color infrared, thermal infrared imagery and related ground data to recognize, identify, determine and monitor the status of mineral ore and metals stockpiles is studied. An attempt was made to identify valid, unique spectral signatures of such materials for possible use under a wide variety of environmental circumstances. Research emphasis was upon the analysis of the multiband imagery from the various film-filter combinations, using density analysis techniques.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 33 p
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  • 57
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The third phase of remote sensing technologies and potentials applied to the operations of the U.S. Geological Survey is introduced. Remote sensing data with multidisciplinary spatial data from traditional sources is combined with geographic theory and techniques of environmental modeling. These combined imputs are subject to four sequential activities that involve: (1) thermatic mapping of land use and environmental factors; (2) the dynamics of change detection; (3) environmental surveillance to identify sudden changes and general trends; and (4) preparation of statistical model and analytical reports. Geography program functions, products, clients, and goals are presented in graphical form, along with aircraft photo missions, geography test sites, and FY-70.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 5 p
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  • 58
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The M sub g/M sub i ratio (ratio of body acceleration to gravitation field) of celestial bodies was measured. Deep probes of the post-Newtonian structure of gravitational theories are indicated. Kepler's third law is considered for the Sun-Jupiter system.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: JPL Proc. of the Conf. on Exptl. Tests of Gravitation Theories; p 32-37
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  • 59
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Three remote sensing projects are being conducted on three different Indian reservations in eastern Arizona. On the Fort Apache Reservation, a multiband thermal and false color sensing of an Englemann spruce beetle infestation is being investigated on Mount Baldy, adjacent to a U.S. Forest Service proposed wilderness area. On the San Carlos Reservation, there is a joint USGS, EROS, and San Carlos tribe project to examine intensively a circular topographic feature noted on the Apollo 9 imagery. On the Papago Reservation, an EROS-funded contract will provide the Papago tribe with a report showing potential mineral areas, by comparing and correlating space imagery with high resolution imagery and aeromagnetic data.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 6 p
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  • 60
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Excellent space photography of parts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico was obtained during the unmanned Apollo 6 spaceflight. Two features of this photography made it useful for geologic interpretations: its vertical stereocoverage and its exposure under a relatively low angle of solar illumination through an unusually cloud-free and clear atmosphere. The structural patterns, which were topographically enhanced by the longer shadows, were annotated on the photographs, in order to analyze their trends with respect to the continental tectonic framework, and to attempt to correlate the pattern with known copper or other base metal deposits. The annotated fracture patterns showed the regional trends and their distribution. The area studied was a 100- to 105-mile swath of terrain covering a total land area of approximately 60,000 square statute miles. The coverage began from a point centered on Punta Colnett on the Pacific coast of Baja California and extended to the Sacramento Mountains of New Mexico and west Texas.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 25 p
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  • 61
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    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Passive microwave techniques were applied to geologic problems, in order to establish the microwave properties of representative rocks and minerals, and to examine the feasibility of using microwave radiometry for geologic mapping problems. A review of microwave pertaining to geology was conducted, coupled with laboratory and field investigations of the microwave emission characteristics of various geologic features. The laboratory studies consisted of dielectric constant measurements of rocks and minerals. A majority of field investigations conducted in the western United States, involved the microwave emission charateristics of rock types, and a portion of the study was concerned with microwave properties of mineralized areas. Experiments were also conducted in the vicinity of a coal seam fire in Colorado and across the San Andreas Fault Zone near the Salton Sea, in Southern California.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 12 p
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  • 62
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The geography program is designed to move systematically toward a capability to increase remote sensing data into operational systems for monitoring land use and related environmental change. The problems of environmental imbalance arising from rapid urbanization and other dramatic changes in land use are considered. These overall problems translate into working level problems of establishing the validity of various sensor-data combinations that will best obtain the regional land use and environmental information. The goal, to better understand, predict, and assist policy makers to regulate urban and regional land use changes resulting from population growth and technological advancement, is put forth.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spececraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 9 p
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  • 63
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The interrelationships of biophysical environmental systems are investigated. Social decision-making affecting the environments of a coastal megapolis are examined. Remote sensing from high altitude aircraft and satellites afforded a powerful and indepensible tool for inventory and planning for urban development. Repetitive low to medium altitude photography is also used for studying environmental dynamics, and to document the cultural impact of man on his environment.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 9 p
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  • 64
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Although tides and tsunamis are both shallow water waves, it does not follow that they are equally amenable to an observational program using an orbiting altimeter on a satellite. A numerical feasibility investigation using a hypothetical satellite orbit, real tide observations, and sequentially increased levels of white noise has been conducted to study the degradation of the tidal harmonic constants caused by adding noise to the tide data. Tsunami waves, possibly a foot high and one hundred miles long, must be measured in individual orbits, thus requiring high relative resolution.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Sea Surface Topography from Space, Vol. 2; 30 p
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  • 65
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Rather than a pattern of cracks in an apparently flat surface, the Apollo 12 photographs suggest an irregular surface that consists of clods or fragments. The impression of flat tiles and crusting, obtained by monoscopic viewing, is an illusion. Instead, the lunar soil deforms and cracks in the same manner as homogeneous isotropic terrestrial soils of moderate bulk density, having a small amount of cohesion.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA, Washington Analysis of Surveyor 3 Mater. and Phot. Returned by Apollo 12; p 233-235
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  • 66
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The Proclus Crater region was mapped to test the value, for photogeologic mapping purposes, of Apollo 15 metric photographs and to estimate the scientific value of the area as a potential landing site. Adjacent frames of the metric photography were overlapped with the base frame to provide stereographic images. Because of the high quality of the photographs, it was found that the geologic units could be more definitely interpreted and dated than those of earlier maps. The photographs tend to confirm the earlier interpretation of the rugged area as composed of bedrock uplifted when the Crisium basin formed. They also suggest that an earlier predominantly volcanic interpretation of the terra in this area might be replaced by an interpretation in which mass wasting and fracturing play the major roles in producing different terrain types. It was concluded that because of apparent lithologic homogeneity, the terra of the Proclus region is an undesirable objective for an extensive manned lunar landing mission.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center Apollo 15 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 4 p
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  • 67
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    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The location of the outer boundary of the geomagnetic field, or magnetopause, and the location of the earth's bow shock have been compiled based on data from the first six IMP satellites.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Significant Accomplishments in Sci., 1970; p 81-85
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  • 68
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Spectral reflectance curves for red spruce and balsam fir in the 350- to 1100-nanometer region showed differences between specimens growing over and away from a concealed copper deposit at Catheart Mountain, Maine. A sample group of 15 anomalous spruce, 9 background spruce, 10 anomalous fir, and 10 background fir was studied. Measurements of copper and molybdenum contents in the supporting soil were used to categorize the trees as anomalous or background. Analyses using parametric and nonparametric statistical tests were performed to establish whether significant differences existed between the anomalous and background groups. At the 95% confidence level, significant differences were found to exist for both species, generally in the chlorophyll band centered at about 550 nanometers and in the region from 700 to 900 nanometers.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 9 p
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  • 69
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    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The applications of remote sensing to coastal dynamics of both nearshore and offshore waters are discussed. Results of aerial photographic analysis of four areas are presented. The study areas include the Arctic (Beaufort Sea), the Pacific Northwest, San Francisco Bay, and St. John, Virgin Islands (Project Tektite).
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 17 p
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  • 70
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Spectral reflectance and thermal emission data were collected at the Mill Creek, Oklahoma test site during NASA missions 132 and 133 in June 1970. The data were collected by three aircraft flown several times during the diurnal cycle at altitudes of 150 to 17,000 m above mean terrain. Reflectance of the main rock types (limestone, dolomite, and granite) was determined from the data collected using a 12-channel multispectral scanner during mission 133 and from thermal infrared images recorded during mission 132 on an RS-7 scanner from 17,000 m above terrain. A preliminary rock recognition map was generated automatically using data collected from 900 m above terrain. The discrimination provided by the map is reasonably accurate. Misidentification occurred in areas of unusually high dolomite reflectivity. High altitude thermal infrared (10 to 12 micrometers) images show regional folds and faults distinguished by the presence of thermally contrasting materials. Linear and curvilinear structural features two to three times smaller than the nominal 17 m resolution could be detected.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 114 p
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  • 71
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    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: Alternative uses were investigated for the Mississippi Test Facility since the phaseout of Saturn 5 engine testing. Using the facility for collecting remotely sensed data is suggested for regional studies. The capabilities of various remote sensing devices to detect, identify, monitor, or determine effects of environmental pollution are summarized. Which pollutants could be monitored from spacecraft, high and low altitude aircraft, and ground based platforms are determined. Examples of special processing and enhancement and analysis techniques used in connection with remote sensing data are provided.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 7 p
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  • 72
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    Publikationsdatum: 2005-11-30
    Beschreibung: The combining of remote sensing technologies to urban-regional energy climatology is studied. It was found to be three dimensional with a mosaic urban surface, each smaller surface with its own radiant and thermal properties. Urban patterns of radiant exchange were found to be constantly changing during diurnal and annual cycles. Results were derived from Barbados data using remote methods for monitoring and mapping radiation. Isoline maps of terrestrial radiation patterns were made generalizing the minute patterns of the scan image.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 11 p
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  • 73
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-01-18
    Beschreibung: A proposal is made for mapping from aerial photographs from the EROS program. Three kinds of maps (geomorphic or landform, soil, and surficial deposit) are being prepared at 1:250,000 scale for an 8000-square-mile area between Tucson and Ajo, Arizona. Nine cameras used on NASA mission 101 provided color, color infrared, and multispectral air photos from about 60,000 feet above the terrain and with photo scales ranging from 1:60,000 to 1:240,000. This area was selected because it provides a good sample of desert terrain and is suited for improving and testing the photointerpretive techniques for mapping geologic terrain features with small-scale photos.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center 3d Ann. Earth Resources Program Rev., vol. 1; 5 p
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  • 74
    Publikationsdatum: 2009-11-16
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 75
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-01-11
    Beschreibung: The Apollo 17 infrared scanning radiometer (ISR) experiment for mapping lunar surface thermal emission is reported. The instrument, lunar surface coverage, and the data obtained are discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 6 p
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  • 76
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-01-11
    Beschreibung: On the Apollo 17 mission, a miniature mass spectrometer, called the lunar atmospheric composition experiment (LACE), was carried to the moon as part of the Apollo lunar surface experiments package (ALSEP) to study the composition of and variation in the lunar atmosphere. The instrument was successfully deployed in the Taurus-Littrow valley with its entrance aperture oriented upward to intercept and measure the downward flux of gases at the lunar surface. Initial activation of the LACE instrument occurred on December 27, 1972, approximately 50 hr after sunset, and operation continued throughout the first lunar night. Sunrise brought a high background gas level and necessitated discontinuing operation during lunar daytime except for a brief check near noon. Near sunset, operation was resumed and continued throughout the night. This sequence was repeated for the second and third lunations.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Johnson Space Center Apollo 17 Prelim. Sci. Rept.; 9 p
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  • 77
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Acoustic heating of polar night mesosphere
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 78
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Tesseral harmonics of gravitational field and geodetic datum shifts derived from Baker-Nunn camera observations of satellites
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 79
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Calculation of earths gravitational potential from sixth through twelfth zonal harmonic
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 80
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Rocket sounding measurements of upper stratosphere and mesosphere
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 81
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Gravity anomalies and use of reference ellipsoid in determining distribution of stress differences
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 82
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Theoretical interpretations of geomagnetic and ionospheric satellite measurements
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 83
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Gravitational theoretical implications of geodetic satellite field measurements
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 84
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Electron density and temperature, ion composition and density, and effects of solar corpuscular radiation in ionosphere - satellite drag measurements
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 85
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Earth atmospheric density from satellite measurements
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 86
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Cross sectional shapes of cylindrical or two-dimensional cavities with uniform diffuse radiation characteristics of heat transfer
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 87
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 88
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 89
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    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 90
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Measuring ionospheric electron density in F- 2 layer - diurnal variation
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 91
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Rubidium, strontium, and strontium isotopic compositions in tektites from various locations
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 92
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Analyses of major elements in tektite by rapid silicate procedures and X-ray fluorescence techniques
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 93
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Auroral dissociation of molecular oxygen in polar mesosphere
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
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  • 94
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Mass spectrometric investigations of upper atmosphere to measure diffusive separation of argon and nitrogen
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Electron temperature and ion density data compared to theories on thermal equilibrium in daytime ionosphere
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-10-26
    Beschreibung: Turbulent forced convection heat transfer computations for air, helium, argon, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-04-02
    Beschreibung: Atmospheric electricity must be considered in the design, transportation, and operation of aerospace vehicles. The effect of the atmosphere as an insulator and conductor of high voltage electricity, at various atmospheric pressures, must also be considered. The vehicle can be protected as follows: (1) By insuring that all metallic sections are connected by electrical bonding so that the current flow from a lightning stroke is conducted over the skin without any gaps where sparking would occur or current would be carried inside; (2) by protecting buildings and other structures on the ground with a system of lightning rods and wires over the outside to carry the lightning stroke into the ground; (3) by providing a zone of protection for launch complexes; (4) by providing protection devices in critical circuits; (5) by using systems which have no single failure mode; and (6) by appropriate shielding of units sensitive to electromagnetic radiation.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Terrest. Environ. (Climatic) Criteria Guidelines for Use in Aerospace Vehicle Develop., 1973 Rev.; 28 p
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-03-12
    Beschreibung: Some of the elementary methods used in deriving true-height profiles from oblique-incidence ionograms are reviewed. The two principal methods presented are oblique-to-vertical transformation and direct inversion of the oblique-incidence ionogram. Limitations in oblique-incidence inversion due to magnetic-field effects, horizontal gradients, and absolute time delay are discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Ames Res. Center Math. of Profile Inversion; 12 p
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-03-12
    Beschreibung: A method is described to accomplish automatic data selection and profile inversion to obtain ionospheric electron density profiles from digitized radio soundings. The profile inversion is based on a well-established formulation by which the optimum radio frequency sounding intervals can be specified from an approximate knowledge of the profile; the expected virtual height coordinates (h) at these frequencies (f) are estimated, and procedures are then used to select h(f) observations nearest the predicted coordinates from a subsequent digital ionogram. From these the next profile is obtained. The process adaptively follows the changing shape and detail of the profile. The procedure requires an average of 15 sec per profile on a standard data processing computer, and can be adapted, with benefit to online real-time use in a digital ionosonde.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: NASA. Ames Res. Center Math. of Profile Inversion; 11 p
    Format: text
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  • 100
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    In:  CASI
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-03-12
    Beschreibung: A general review is given of the inversion techniques used to derive the ionospheric electron density N as a function of altitude h from group path P versus frequency f measurements obtained by vertical incidence ionospheric sounders. The paper discusses the medium under investigation, the experimental techniques used to obtain the P(f) data, the theoretical considerations leading to the integral equation relating P(f) to N(h), and the assumptions made in the inversion process. The lamination inversion technique is then presented, with special attention given to mathematical difficulties arising from discontinuities in the P(f) function, infinities in the integrand, and in some cases unknown integration limits. Methods outlined for minimizing the uncertainties due to discontinuities include the use of redundant information - that is the two distinct P(f) functions available for a given N(h) profile - and the use of models based on statistical data. Mathematical procedures are discussed that increase significantly the efficiency and accuracy of the required numerical integrations. The accuracy of the inversion technique is deduced by comparing the resulting N(h) profile with N(h) data obtained by simultaneous but independent observations.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Math. of Profile Inversion; 13 p
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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