ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (7,125)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (3,646)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (1,701)
  • 1975-1979  (7,806)
  • 1950-1954  (2,931)
  • 1915-1919  (1,735)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Visual observations over oceans (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Important factors in locating, identifying, describing, and photographing ocean features from space are presented. On the basis of crew comments and other findings, the following recommendations can be made for Earth observations on Space Shuttle missions: (1) flyover exercises must include observations and photography of both temperate and tropical/subtropical waters; (2) sunglint must be included during some observations of ocean features; (3) imaging remote sensors should be used together with conventional photographic systems to document visual observations; (4) greater consideration must be given to scheduling earth observation targets likely to be obscured by clouds; and (5) an annotated photographic compilation of ocean features can be used as a training aid before the mission and as a reference book during space flight.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, Vol. 2; p 385-407
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Equivalence of airborne and ground-acquired wheat canopy temperatures (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The relationship between airborne and ground-based measurements of soil and crop canopy temperatures is investigated for a partial crop canopy. Daily ground-based measurements using a wide-field-of-view radiometer oriented towards the nadir at a height of 1.5 m and airborne thermal imagery at two-week intervals were obtained throughout the entire growing season of a stand of wheat. When corrected for atmospheric effects, the airborne measurements were found to be virtually identical to ground-based measurements, with a regression line slope of 0.985, a standard deviation of 1.8 C and a correlation coefficient of 0.97.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing of Environment; 8; Aug. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Temporal spectral measurements of corn and soybean crops (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A ground-based, hand-held radiometer, configured to measure red and photographic infrared spectral radiances, was successfully used to collect in situ temporal spectral measurements of corn and soybean crops. Significant relationships were found between the radiance data and the biomass, plant height, percentage crop cover, percentage crop chlorosis, and percentage leaf loss. The results of this experiment show conclusively that hand-held radiometers can be used to collect spectral data that are highly correlated to several agronomic variables. These findings suggest approaches for agronomic research, and confirm the value of remote sensing of agricultural targets.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing; 45; May 1979
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Remote sensing of snow and ice (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: This paper reviews remote sensing of snow and ice, techniques for improved monitoring, and incorporation of the new data into forecasting and management systems. The snowcover interpretation of visible and infrared data from satellites, automated digital methods, radiative transfer modeling to calculate the solar reflectance of snow, and models using snowcover input data and elevation zones for calculating snowmelt are discussed. The use of visible and near infrared techniques for inferring snow properties, microwave monitoring of snowpack characteristics, use of Landsat images for collecting glacier data, monitoring of river ice with visible imagery from NOAA satellites, use of sequential imagery for tracking ice flow movement, and microwave studies of sea ice are described. Applications of snow and ice research to commercial use are examined, and it is concluded that a major problem to be solved is characterization of snow and ice in nature, since assigning of the correct properties to a real system to be modeled has been difficult.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Effect of surface roughness on the microwave emission from soils (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The effect of surface roughness on the brightness temperature of a moist terrain has been studied through the modification of Fresnel reflection coefficient and using the radiative transfer equation. The modification involves introduction of a single parameter to characterize the roughness. It is shown that this parameter depends on both the surface height variance and the horizontal scale of the roughness. Model calculations are in good quantitative agreement with the observed dependence of the brightness temperature on the moisture content in the surface layer. Data from truck mounted and airborne radiometers are presented for comparison. The results indicate that the roughness effects are great for wet soils where the difference between smooth and rough surfaces can be as great as 50 K.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Sept. 20
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Solar potential inventory and modeling (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Image processing procedures for calculating the energy that roof-mounted solar collectors can potentially supply in a metropolitan area are presented. Satellite multispectral imagery from which land cover types can be determined digitally was sampled in order to estimate the percentage of land area occupied by flat or south-facing roof tops in residential and commercial/industrial areas. Procedures were applied to the various power subdistricts of the western San Fernando valley of California, and it was found that on the average 120% of the existing power demand could be met if only half the useable rooftop area were utilized, amounting to 385 MW of peak power and indicating the applicability of solar cells to power generation in urban areas.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing Quarterly; 1; Apr. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Using population statistics for a first look at the utility of Landsat data for urban areas (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper reviews the Image Based Information System (IBIS), developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) which provided the city of Los Angeles with Landsat land use data in a format compatible with the city's land use and population files. Landsat data are compared to other land use files and the comparisons are discussed as an attempt to establish a level of validity. Relationships between population and Landsat data are investigated and reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the use of such data for urban areas. Finally, it is noted that the project verified the flexibility of IBIS for reducing and delivering Landsat data to users lacking the ability to process raw satellite data tapes and points to the system as a model for a potential national census of land use.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing Quarterly; 1; Jan. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The detection of urban expansion from Landsat imagery (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Two methodologies for detecting and mapping land cover changes in and around growing urban regions are being studied at Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Both approaches, primarily based on digital image processing techniques, have been developed to supplement data stored in an Image Based Information System (IBIS). The structure of this information system enables the depiction of land cover changes in image format concurrently with statistical reports in tabular form. To date the expansion of two urban areas, Houston, Texas and Orlando, Florida, has been monitored.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing Quarterly; 1; Jan. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Two-stream theory of reflectance of snow (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Spectral reflectance of snow under diffuse illumination is studied using the two-stream approximation of the radiative transfer equation. The scattering and absorption parameters of the radiative transfer equation - the single scattering albedo, the optical depth, and the integrated phase function are obtained from the grain size and density of snow. Analytical expressions for the intensity within the snowpack, the reflectance, and the asymptotic flux extinction coefficient, are given. Good agreement is shown between the theory and available experimental data on visible and near-infrared reflectance, and the asymptotic flux extinction coefficient. The theory may also be used to explain the observed effect of aging on the snow reflectance.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience Electronics; GE-17; July 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Using Landsat digital data to detect moisture stress (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A technique utilizing transformed Landsat digital data for detection of agricultural drought was empirically defined during the 1976 South Dakota drought. During 1977, the procedure was expanded to the Great Plains for evaluation as a technique for detecting and monitoring vegetative water stress over large areas. The technique, Green Index Number (GIN), uses Landsat digital data from 5 by 6 nautical mile sampling frames (segments) to indicate when the vegetation within the segment is undergoing drought. At known growth stages for wheat, segments were classified as drought or non-drought areas. The remote-sensing-based information was compared to a weekly ground-based index (Crop Moisture Index) provided by the United States Department of Commerce. This comparison demonstrated a high degree of agreement between the 18-day remote sensing technique and the ground-based weekly data. Maps based on GIN of parts of the USSR and Australia were produced with a two-week lag and later compared with other crop assessments of crop conditions in these areas. These maps were judged to be in general agreement with the other data sources.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing; 45; Feb. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Comparison of 2.8- and 21-cm microwave radiometer observations over soils with emission model calculations (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An airborne experiment was conducted under NASA auspices to test the feasibility of detecting soil moisture by microwave remote sensing techniques over agricultural fields near Phoenix, Arizona at midday of April 5, 1974 and at dawn of the following day. Extensive ground data were obtained from 96 bare, sixteen hectare fields. Observations made using a scanning (2.8 cm) and a nonscanning (21 cm) radiometer were compared with the predictions of a radiative transfer emission model. It is shown that (1) the emitted intensity at both wavelengths correlates best with the near surface moisture, (2) surface roughness is found to more strongly affect the degree of polarization than the emitted intensity, (3) the slope of the intensity-moisture curves decreases in going from day to dawn, and (4) increased near surface moisture at dawn is characterized by increased polarization of emissions. The results of the experiment indicate that microwave techniques can be used to observe the history of the near surface moisture. The subsurface history must be inferred from soil physics models which use microwave results as boundary conditions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Jan. 20
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Monitoring corn and soybean crop development with hand-held radiometer spectral data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing of Environment; 8; Aug. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 13
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Landsat analysis of lake quality (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The trophic status of a number of inland lakes in Wisconsin has been assessed. The feasibility of using both photographic and digital representations of Landsat imagery was investigated during the lake classification project. The result of the investigation has been a semi-automatic data acquisition and handling system which, in conjunction with an analytical categorization scheme, can be used to classify all the significant lakes in the state.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing; 45; May 1979
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The relationships between various linear combinations of red and photographic infrared radiances and vegetation parameters are investigated. In situ spectrometers are used to measure the relationships between linear combinations of red and IR radiances, their ratios and square roots, and biomass, leaf water content and chlorophyll content of a grass canopy in June, September and October. Regression analysis shows red-IR combinations to be more significant than green-red combinations. The IR/red ratio, the square root of the IR/red ratio, the vegetation index (IR-red difference divided by their sum) and the transformed vegetation index (the square root of the vegetation index + 0.5) are found to be sensitive to the amount of photosynthetically active vegetation. The accumulation of dead vegetation over the year is found to have a linearizing effect on the various vegetation measures.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing of Environment; 8; May 1979
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LS47: A DSN station location set compatible with JPL development ephemeris DE108 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An updated Deep Space Network station location set, LS47, is presented which is compatible with JPL Development Ephemeris DE108. Analytic procedures for linearly correcting station spin axis and longitude estimates for an ephemeris update based on Brouwer-Clemence Set III parameters are briefly discussed. The validity of this technique is demonstrated by a comparison of a linearly corrected solution with one explicitly determined by reprocessing the data. A mission data base, including Viking 1 and 2 encounter data, is first used to obtain an updated DE96 compatible station location solution, LS46, which in turn is adjusted to form the DE108 solution, LS47. Improved station Z-heights are estimated by using available very long baseline interferometry data. Spin axis differences between LS46 and LS47 are relatively insignificant; however, the ephemeris change introduces a -0.8 x 10 to the -5 power degree rotation in the DE96 longitude ephemeris.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 86-98
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 16
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Recommendations (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Significant progress was made in the development of remote sensing techniques for estimating soil moisture, and some useful applications for soil moisture information was demonstrated. However, there is an array of questions that must be answered before an operational program is appropriate. A substantial research-oriented program is justified. A summary of recommendations made by participants in the workshop concerning future research and development is presented. These recommendations represent a consensus of opinions from the Workshop participants, but are not necessarily unanimous views.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Soil Moisture Workshop; 5 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Proceedings of summary and recommendations session (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Discussion by discipline scientist and information users throughout the Workshop showed the diversity of opinion on the actual use of soil moisture information and the approaches which may lead to successful remote sensing measurements of soil moisture. Soil moisture has varying definitions and information needs depending on perspective of discipline and defined use. With these differences of need and definition, the summary panel provides summaries of the activities and recommendations with interaction from all participants of the Workshop.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Soil Moisture Workshop; 53 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 18
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Microwave and gamma radiation observations of soil moisture (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The unique dielectric properties of water at microwave wavelengths afford the possibility for remotely sensing the moisture content in the surface layer of the soil. The surface emissivity and reflectivity for the soils at these wavelengths are strong functions of its moisture content. The changes in emissivity can be observed by passive microwave techniques (radiometry) and the change in reflectivity can be observed by active microwave techniques (radar). The difference in the natural terrestrial gamma ray flux measured for wet and dry soil may be used to determine soil moisture. The presence of water moisture in the soil causes an effective increase in soil density, resulting in an increased attenuation of the gamma flux for wet soil and a corresponding lower flux above the ground surface.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Soil Moisture Workshop; 37 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 19
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The application test system: Experiences to date and future plans (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The ATS analysis component is presented focusing on methods by which the varied data sources are used by the ATS analyst. Analyst training and initial processing of data is discussed along with short and long plans for the ATS.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Session, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1121-1125
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 20
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Resource modeling: A reality for program cost analysis (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The approach, implementation, operation, and utilization of a model to establish capital investment and operational costs for the Program is presented. These are based on their interrelationships, dependencies, and alternative actions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1103-1120
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 21
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The application test system: Technical approach and system design (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: An insight is provided of the technical approach which was applied to the system design of the USDA Applications Test Program. Included are: identification of requirements, assessment of remote sensing contributions, evaluations of existing techniques, and cost effective development of a system design which utilizes techniques and procedures consistent with requirements.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1097-1101
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Data base design for a worldwide multicrop information system (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: A description of the USDA Application Test System data base design approach and resources is presented. The data is described in detail by category, with emphasis on those characteristics which influenced the design most. It was concluded that the use of a generalized data base in support of crop assessment is a sound concept. The IDMS11 minicomputer base system is recommended for this purpose.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2 (; p 1085-1096
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 23
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Functional definition and design of a USDA system (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The fundamental definition and design of a U.S.D.A. system utilizing the LACIE technology avaliable as of June 1976, is discussed. The organization and methods described are focused on LACIE technology in terms of its transfer for use applications. The simulation of a feasible system design provided timely answers to system design questions, such as the ability of a minicomputer to handle the proposed geometrical correction of MSS data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1075-1084
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 24
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The application test system: An approach to technology transfer (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The latest satellite and computer processing and analysis technologies were tested and evaluated in terms of their application feasibility. Technologies evaluated include those developed, tested, and evaluated by the LACIE, as well as candidate technologies developed by the research community and private industry. The implementation of the applications test system and the technology transfer experience between the LACIE and the applications test system is discussed highlighting the approach, the achievements, and the shortcomings.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1069-1074
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 25
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Design, implementation, and results of LACIE field research (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The capability to acquire, process, and interpret remotely sensed multispectral measurements of the energy reflected and emitted from crops, soils, and other Earth surface features is considered. The LACIE Field Measurements Project is described including project objectives, the experimental approach, the data acquisition program, and selected results based on field data. The key accomplishments and results of the experiment and recommendations for future field research are summarized.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1037-1066
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Weighted aggregation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The use of a weighted aggregation technique to improve the precision of the overall LACIE estimate is considered. The manner in which a weighted aggregation technique is implemented given a set of weights is described. The problem of variance estimation is discussed and the question of how to obtain the weights in an operational environment is addressed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1029-1036
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 27
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Multiyear estimates for the LACIE sampling plans (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: An approach that may be useful in improving the estimates of the wheat acreages for the LACIE countries for each year by using the short-time series of estimates made in the sequence of consecutive years is presented. A simple 'synthesis' based method of variance component estimation is described. A general theorem concerning weighted least squares, referred to as the Aiken method, is proved.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 1015-1028
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 28
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Prediction of wheat phenological development: A state-of-the-art review (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The merits and shortcomings of LACIE wheat development models are described. The effects of planting dates, spatial errors in the variables, and model forms on accuracy are discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 981-989
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 29
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    New developments in sampling and aggregation for remotely sensed surveys (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Sampling techniques used to construct large area crop estimates are briefly reviewed. Problem areas in sampling and aggregation are covered. The natural sampling strategy, two phase sampling, weighted aggregation, and multiyear estimation are among the topics discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 991-993
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 30
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Natural sampling strategy (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: A natural stratum-based sampling scheme and the aggregation procedures for estimating wheat area, yield, and production and their associated prediction error estimates are described. The methodology utilizes LANDSAT imagery and agrophysical data to permit an improved stratification in foreign areas by ignoring political boundaries and restratifying along boundaries that are more homogeneous with respect to the distribution of agricultural density, soil characteristics, and average climatic conditions. A summary of test results is given including a discussion of the various problems encountered.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2 995-1013 (SEE N80-15448 06-43)
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 31
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The law of the minimum and an application to wheat yield estimation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The adaptation of the law of the minimum (LOM) to wheat yield estimation is discussed. It is demonstrated through a trial application that the LOM concept is a valuable tool for model building when regression tools are inadequate.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 961-969
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Status of yield estimation technology: A review of second-generation model development and evaluation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Multiple regression models were studied in order to determine their yield estimation capability for any arbitrary unit area and to obtain greater responsiveness and accuracy through the use of additional data sources applied at smaller spatial and temporal scales. It was concluded that data base inadequacy was the factor limiting performance in the models studied and that each of the models has more yield predicting capability than was reached during LACIE.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 937-950
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Image and numerical display aids for manual interpretation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Four color image display techniques, developed to aid in interpreting LANDSAT imagery, are described. These are the cluster image, the principal component transformation, the principal component greenness transformation, and the color-coded spectral plot. Experimental results show that the four techniques are useful in selecting and/or identifying representative samples of signatures in a given LANDSAT scene.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 911-921
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A programmed labeling approach to image interpretation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Manual labeling techniques require the analyst-interpreter to use not only production film converter products but also agricultural and meteorological data and spectral aids in an integrated, judgmental fashion. To control an anticipated high variance in these techniques, a semiautomatic labeling technology was developed. The product of this technology is label identification from statistical tabulation (LIST) which operates from a discriminant basis and has the ability to measure the reliability of the label and to introduce an arbitrary bias. The development of LIST and its properties are described. Numerical results of an application are included and the evaluation of LIST is discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 923-935
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Generation of uniform chromaticity scale imagery from LANDSAT data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: An algorithm is presented for generating uniform chromaticity scale (UCS) imagery from multispectral data. A computer program was written to implement the algorithm, and UCS film products were generated. The colors in the film and their temporal change are consistent with those expected for the particular scaling of Krauth components into the (lab) color space. The film product was not subjected to the practical test of competing with previous transformations. Preliminary examination indicates that the product offers the following possibilities: (1) a single film product that will supplant two film products in current use; (2) improved visibility of data differences in regions in data space that are critical to crop identification; and (3) an analytic route to the determination of data-space transformations that will be optimal for particular discrimination problems.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 899-910
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Colorimetric consideration of transparencies for a typical LACIE scene (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The production film converter used to produce LACIE imagery is described as well as schemes designed to provide the analyst with operational film products. Two of these products are discussed from the standpoint of color theory. Colorimetric terminology is defined and the mathematical calculations are given. Topics covered include (1) history of product 1 and 3 algorithm development; (2) colorimetric assumptions for product 1 and 3 algorithms; (3) qualitative results from a colorimetric analysis of a typical LACIE scene; and (4) image-to-image color stability.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 887-897
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 37
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Manual LANDSAT data analysis for crop type identification (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The process of manual identification of crop type by human analysts and problems associated in LACIE that were associated with manual crop identification measurement procedures are described. Research undertaken in cooperation with LACIE operations by the supporting research community to effect solutions to, or obtain greater understanding of the problems is discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 857-866
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE analyst interpretation keys (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Two interpretation aids, 'The Image Analysis Guide for Wheat/Small Grains Inventories' and 'The United States and Canadian Great Plains Regional Keys', were developed during LACIE phase 2 and implemented during phase 3 in order to provide analysts with a better understanding of the expected ranges in color variation of signatures for individual biostages and of the temporal sequences of LANDSAT signatures. The keys were tested using operational LACIE data, and the results demonstrate that their use provides improved labeling accuracy in all analyst experience groupings, in all geographic areas within the U.S. Great Plains, and during all periods of crop development.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 867-886
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The vegetative index number and crop identification (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: A vegetative index number of numerical value was calculated from the digital values of the LANDSAT system to provide some measure of green growing vegetation. The usefulness of the green numbers for schemes in crop identification and acreage estimation is investigated and the Ashburn vegetation index (AVI) is compared with the Kauth-Thomas vegetation index (KVI) for crop identification schemes. Results of wheat acreage estimation using LACIE Procedure 1 and the AVI for eight sample segments are given. Tables show comparisons between the AVI and the KVI as well as visual results of the AVI.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 843-855
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    An evaluation of procedure 1 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: LACIE Procedure 1 has undergone continuous testing and evaluation, starting with analytical and experimental studies even before it was implemented in ERIPS software and continuing to the present with performance evaluations using blind-site data. The strengths and weaknesses of the procedure are indicated and some areas for possible improvement are identified. Results from three of the experiments performed and an evaluation of LACIE Procedure 1 proportion estimates for some blind-site segments are discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 825-842
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 41
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Signature extension methods in crop area estimation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The Procedure B multispectral processing system is both multisegment and multistratum. It uses data from several LACIE-sized segments together and makes a proportion estimate for the entire group of segments as well as for the individual segments. In the clustering of data features, Procedure B produces multiple classes or strata rather than just two strata (as in Procedure 1), and performs stratified sampling on each of these mutliple strata in order to make a proportion estimate. Tests results for the components and for the overall performance of Procedure B are presented, and conclusions that can be drawn from these tests are discussed. The rationale for signature extension for crop area estimation is summarized.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 801-823
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Methods of extending crop signatures from one area to another (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Efforts to develop a technology for signature extension during LACIE phases 1 and 2 are described. A number of haze and Sun angle correction procedures were developed and tested. These included the ROOSTER and OSCAR cluster-matching algorithms and their modifications, the MLEST and UHMLE maximum likelihood estimation procedures, and the ATCOR procedure. All these algorithms were tested on simulated data and consecutive-day LANDSAT imagery. The ATCOR, OSCAR, and MLEST algorithms were also tested for their capability to geographically extend signatures using LANDSAT imagery.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 757-800
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 43
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Compensation for atmospheric effects in LANDSAT data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Preprocessing algorithms were developed to remove or reduce the variations in multispectral data caused by variations in Sun angle and by changes in the atmospheric aerosol and water vapor levels. The two most significant algorithms developed by using mathematical models to define interrelations between the required multiplicative and additive correction factors so that just a few statistical characteristics of a LANDSAT distribution model would be sufficient to drive the mathematical model and to calculate the preprocessing corrections are examined. These are the atmospheric correction (ATCOR) computer program and the XSTAR haze correction algorithm. Neither the ATCOR nor the XSTAR algorithm provides an explicit compensation for the effects of changing LANDSAT view angle. Development efforts are underway to address this aspect of the preprocessing problem.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 723-738
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 44
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Feature extraction applied to agricultural crops as seen by LANDSAT (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The physical interpretation of the spectral-temporal structure of LANDSAT data can be conveniently described in terms of a graphic descriptive model called the Tassled Cap. This model has been a source of development not only in crop-related feature extraction, but also for data screening and for haze effects correction. Following its qualitative description and an indication of its applications, the model is used to analyze several feature extraction algorithms.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 705-721
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 45
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Estimating crop proportions from remotely sensed data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The classification/pixel-count method for estimating the proportion of wheat in each segment is theoretically biased even if all distributional assumptions are met. Alternative ways to estimate crop proportions are examined and their performance testing is considered. Topics covered include general linear functional estimates, the method of moments, and maximum likelihood estimators.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 633-646
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Economic evaluation: Concepts, selected studies, system costs, and a proposed program (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The more usual approaches to valuing crop information are reviewed and an integrated approach is recommended. Problems associated with implementation are examined. What has already been accomplished in the economic evaluation of LACIE-type information is reported including various studies of benefits. The costs of the existing and proposed systems are considered. A method and approach is proposed for further studies.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 605-616
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Methods for segment wheat area estimation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The major research conducted during the three years of LACIE to solve problems associated with segment wheat area estimation is reviewed. Topics covered include proportion estimation, clustering, feature extraction, and signature extension. It would appear that LANDSAT-1 and LANDSAT-2 data do not contain enough information to discriminate between crop types perfectly all the time and, therefore, a basic problem arises when no ground truth data on crop types in the area are available. New approaches are needed to reduce labeling error. Perhaps better use of multiyear LANDSAT data, a more detailed understanding of the cropping practices in the area, better crop calendar prediction, and a better understanding of the limiting sources of error in LANDSAT data related to crop discrimination may provide the insight required to develop improved designs.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 621-632
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Accuracy and performance of LACIE crop development models (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Of the three principal phenological crop calendar models evaluated for LACIE, Robertson's triquadratic model which predicts the rate of progression of wheat through its biological development, was selected. Daily maximum and minimum temperatures and day length are the input variables, and the principal output is a daily increment of development through six physiological growth stages. Because wheat corresponds differently to the environment during each growth stage, five different equations are required. The estimated and observed crop development data were compared in order to establish a measure of confidence in the model and to identify consistent discrepancies that would adversely affect LACIE operation. Although the model provided reliable estimates for various wheat growing regions of the world, it was found that there are still areas in need of further model improvement or development.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 589-604
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Accuracy and performance of LACIE area estimates (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Results for the three crop years between 1974 and 1977 are presented in 25 tables for four regions of the U.S. Great Plains. Topics covered include error source analyses and special studies during each phase. Abnormal signature and boundary problems still under investigation are examined.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 527-573
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE area, yield, and production estimate characteristics: Canada (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Sampling segment allocation for Canada placed 283 segments within three provinces: Saskatchewan (170), Alberta (75), and Manitoba (38). The data base was comprised of five data sets: allocation, historical, ratio, LANDSAT, and yield. In-season area, yield, and production estimates were generated only during phase 2. These data are presented and analyzed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 513-526
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 51
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Accuracy and performance of LACIE yield estimates in major wheat producing regions of the world (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The LACIE yield models developed, implemented, and tested during the three phases of the experiment represent the first generation of models designed for the large-scale prediction of wheat production. The models are capable of supporting the stated project goal of being within 10 percent of the actual wheat production 90 percent of the time. The limitations of the models are inherent in their nature. The temporal resolution limits their ability to handle the erratic weather occurring in critical situations. The relatively large spatial resolution of the individual models limits the capture of localized but important episodic events.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 575-587
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 52
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE area, yield, and production estimate characteristics: U.S. Great Plains (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The accuracy and reliability of the LACIE design was tested using the nine states of the U.S. Great Plains where comparison data was available. The three phases of LACIE are discussed with respect to the scope; sampling; LANDSAT data; estimates of area, yield, and production; accuracy of the estimates; and technical issues related to each phase.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 439-479
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 53
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE area, yield, and production estimate characteristics: U.S.S.R. (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: No estimates were generated for the U.S.S.R. during LACIE phase 1. Phase 2 effort was limited to two indicator regions: winter wheat areas where 385 segments were allocated, and spring wheat areas with 362 allocated segments. The level of activity for phase 3 was extended to the entire country which automatically increased the segment workload from 747 to 1947 segments. Production, area, and yield estimates, and their accuracy are discussed for phases 2 and 3 with emphasis on scope, sampling strategy, data base, LANDSAT data, yield analysis for winter and spring wheat, area and production analysis for winter and spring wheat, and technical issues and problems.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 481-512
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Application of LANDSAT digital data for monitoring drought (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: A technique utilizing transformed LANDSAT digital data for detection of agricultural vegetative water stress was developed during the 1976 South Dakota drought, and expanded to the U.S. Great Plains the following year to evaluate its effectiveness in detecting and monitoring vegetative stress water stress over large areas. This technique, the green index number (GIN), indicated when the vegetation within a segment was undergoing stress. Segments were classified as either moisture-stressed or normal using remote sensing techniques combined with a knowledge of crop condition. The remote sensing-based information was compared to a weekly ground-based index (the crop moisture index) provided by the U.S. Dept. of Commerce. The approaches used and the results from the GIN monitoring program are presented.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 431-438
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The LACIE crop years: An assessment of the crop conditions experienced in the three years of LACIE (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Meteorological data and LANDSAT spectral data from growing regions in the U.S. Great Plains, the U.S.S.R., and Canada were used to assess growing conditions and to document where anomalies such as drought, floods, and freezes were impacting the crop yield and appearance of spring and winter wheat. In the United States, the weekly rainfall and temperature data were used to estimate soil moisture, which was then related to crop needs by a crop moisture index. The transformation of LANDSAT digital data into a green index number provided a procedure whereby data from a LACIE segment could be classified as drought affected or not. The growing seasons encountered in each LACIE country during the three phases are described.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 411-429
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 56
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Cost and performance characteristics of data system configurations for processing remotely sensed data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Some alternative approaches to constructing a large remote-sensing data system are explored. The cost and performance implications of using a collection of 'small' computers versus using one large computer are examined. Several architectures and associated costs for the large data system supporting a single data center are presented. Recurring cost factors (maintenance and operations) currently slightly favor the single large-machine architecture, but other factors may dictate the choice of one of the two multimachine architectures discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 397-408
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Very high speed processing: Applicability of peripheral devices to pixel-dependent tasks (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Early options studied in the satisfaction of LACIE implementation computational demands are described as well as the ultimate selection and development of an array processing solution to the problem. The economic justification, as a function of required LANDSAT analysis, is provided. The suitability of such processors for LACIE and other applications is discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 345-354
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 58
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A look at computer system selection criteria (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: There is no difficulty in identifying the criteria involved in the computer selection process; complexity arises in objectively evaluating various candidate configurations against the criteria, based on the user's specific needs. A model for formalizing the selection process consists of two major steps: verifying that the candidate configuration is adequate to the user's programming requirements, and determining an overall system evaluation rating based on cost, usability, adaptability, and availability. A 36 step instruction for computer sizing evaluation is included in the appendix along with a sample application of the configuration adequacy model. Selection criteria and the weighting process are also discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 355-396
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Considerations for design of future research and development interactive image analysis systems (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Future interactive image analysis systems must provide for the increased processing requirements imposed by a thermal channel to LANDSAT-3 and the increased number of spectral channels with significantly higher spatial resolution provided by the LANDSAT-D thematic mapper. Other design considerations must include the rapidly changing technology in memories and special purpose processors, as well as the analyst-machine interface and the human factors involved. The centralized and distributed system approaches are examined in relation to the optimum design configuration of future systems.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 333-344
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE/ERIPS software system summary (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The Earth resources interactive processing system (ERIPS) supports LACIE by classifying LANDSAT sensed data on the basis of the statistical similarity to those portions which were identified by analysts. The development and capabilities of the ERIPS software system are described with emphasis on (1) system requirements; (2) LACIE/ERIPS hardware; (3) system functions; (4) pattern recognition concept; and (5) LACIE/ERIPS data bases. Algorithms used in LACIE/ERIPS for statistics, divergence, feature selection, classification, registration, adaptive clustering, iterative clustering, clustering report functions, Sun angle correction, mean level adjustment, and bias correction are appended.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 317-332
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Man-machine interfaces in LACIE/ERIPS (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: One of the most important aspects of the interactive portion of the LACIE/ERIPS software system is the way in which the analysis and decision-making capabilities of a human being are integrated with the speed and accuracy of a computer to produce a powerful analysis system. The three major man-machine interfaces in the system are (1) the use of menus for communications between the software and the interactive user; (2) the checkpoint/restart facility to recreate in one job the internal environment achieved in an earlier one; and (3) the error recovery capability which would normally cause job termination. This interactive system, which executes on an IBM 360/75 mainframe, was adapted for use in noninteractive (batch) mode. A case study is presented to show how the interfaces work in practice by defining some fields based on an image screen display, noting the field definitions, and obtaining a film product of the classification map.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 307-315
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The LACIE data bases: Design considerations (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The implementation of direct access storage devices for LACIE is discussed with emphasis on the storage and retrieval of image data. Topics covered include the definition of the problem, the solution methodology (design decisions), the initial operational structure, and the modifications which were incorporated. Some conclusions and projections of future problems to be solved are also presented.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 297-306
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 63
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Cartography: LACIE's spatial processor (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The spatial processing needs of LACIE include the location of agricultural test sites, and the registration of ground truth to LANDSAT imagery. The technological aspects of LACIE cartographic support, the need for cartography in satellite crop surveys, and proposed improvements which would enhance support of future programs are discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 291-296
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 64
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE applications evaluation system efficiency report (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The scope of the three LACIE phases is discussed as well as the system efficiencies which had to be implemented to cope with the resulting LANDSAT data load. The methodologies used in system analysis, some of the specific data collected, and the inferences of these data and their implication on future systems are also discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 281-288
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE quality assurance (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Topics covered include (1) development of the LACIE quality assurance program; (2) LACIE quality assurance responsibilities of all organizational elements; (3) internal quality assurance support; and (4) accomplishments.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 249-255
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 66
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Accuracy assessment system and operation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The accuracy and reliability of LACIE estimates of wheat production, area, and yield is determined at regular intervals throughout the year by the accuracy assessment subsystem which also investigates the various LACIE error sources, quantifies the errors, and relates then to their causes. Timely feedback of these error evaluations to the LACIE project was the only mechanism by which improvements in the crop estimation system could be made during the short 3 year experiment.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 265-288
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE status and tracking (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The operational requirements and development of a system designed to meet LACIE needs for data to be available at given stations simultaneously, to measure throughput rates, and perform efficiency analyses are described. The final automated status and tracking system (ASATS) is defined and problems encountered during its evolutionary process are discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 243-248
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 68
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The crop assessment subsystem: System implementation and approaches used for the generation of crop production reports (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The primary responsibility of the crop assessment subsystem (CAS) during the three phases of LACIE was to produce crop reports that included estimates of wheat area, yield, and production, as well as a specified set of associated statistical descriptors. The operations of CAS are described with emphasis on sampling strategy, input/output data, evolution of aggregation/reporting system capabilities, and CAS aggregation procedures.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 227-241
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 69
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Operation of the yield estimation subsystem (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The organization and products of the yield estimation subsystem (YES) are described with particular emphasis on meteorological data acquisition, yield estimation, crop calendars, weekly weather summaries, and project reports. During the three phases of LACIE, YES demonstrated that it is possible to use the flow of global meteorological data and provide valuable information regarding global wheat production. It was able to establish a capability to collect, in a timely manner, detailed weather data from all regions of the world, and to evaluate and convert that data into information appropriate to the project's needs.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 217-225
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 70
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    USDA analyst review of the LACIE IMAGE-100 hybrid system test (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Fifty operational segments from the U.S.S.R., 40 test segments from Canada, and 24 test segments from the United States were used to provide a wide range of geographic conditions for USDA analysts during a test to determine the effectiveness of labeling single pixel training fields (dots) using Procedure 1 on the 1-100 hybrid system, and clustering and classifying on the Earth Resources Interactive Processing System. The analysts had additional on-line capabilities such as interactive dot labeling, class or cluster map overlay flickers, and flashing of all dots of equal spectral value. Results on the 1-100 hybrid system are described and analyst problems and recommendations are discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 211-215
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 71
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Concepts leading to the IMAGE-100 hybrid interactive system (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: As LACIE Procedure 1 evolved from the Classification and Mensuration Subsystem smallfields procedures, it became evident that two computational systems would have merit-the LACIE/Earth Resources Interactive Processing System based on a large IBM-360 computer oriented for operational use with high computational throughput, and a smaller, highly interactive system based on a PDP 11-45 minicomputer and its display system, the IMAGE-100. The latter had advantages for certain phases; notably, interactive spectral aids could be implemented quite rapidly. This would allow testing and development of Procedure 1 before its implementation on the LACIE/Earth Resources Interactive Processing System. The resulting minicomputer system, called the Classification and Mensuration Subsystem IMAGE-100 Hybrid System, allowed Procedure-1 operations to be performed interactively, except for clustering, classification, and automatic selection of best acquisitions, which were offloaded to the LACIE/Earth Resources Interactive Processing System.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 203-209
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 72
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The classification and mensuration subsystem (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: From an operational standpoint, the most significant item the classification and mensuration subsystem (CAMS) had to overcome in providing the acreage component of the wheat production estimates for LACIE was the scope (segment volume processing required). Peak processing requirements per day increased from 16 to 20 for phase 1 with 700 total segments, to 35 to 40 per day for phase 2 with 1700 total segments, to 75 to 80 per day for phase 3 with 3000 total segments. Key issues regarding interrelationships between man and machines were identified during phase 1 using first generation technology. Procedure 1, tested and evaluated during phase 2 and continued through the initial phase 3 processing period for winter wheat, showed the need for software modification, procedures development, and analyst training. CAMS operations are described with emphasis on the training backgrounds of the analysts, the available data, and the labeling logic.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 179-201
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 73
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The acquisition, storage, and dissemination of LANDSAT and other LACIE support data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Activities performed at the LACIE physical data library are described. These include the researching, acquisition, indexing, maintenance, distribution, tracking, and control of LACIE operational data and documents. Much of the data available can be incorporated into an Earth resources data base. Elements of the data collection that can support future remote sensing programs include: (1) the LANDSAT full-frame image files; (2) the microfilm file of aerial and space photographic and multispectral maps and charts that encompasses a large portion of the Earth's surface; (3) the map/chart collection that includes various scale maps and charts for a good portion of the U.S. and the LACIE area in foreign countries; (4) computer-compatible tapes of good quality LANDSAT scenes; (5) basic remote sensing data, project data, reference material, and associated publications; (6) visual aids to support presentation on remote sensing projects; and (7) research acquisition and handling procedures for managing data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 169-177
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 74
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE data-handling techniques (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Techniques implemented to facilitate processing of LANDSAT multispectral data between 1975 and 1978 are described. The data that were handled during the large area crop inventory experiment and the storage mechanisms used for the various types of data are defined. The overall data flow, from the placing of the LANDSAT orders through the actual analysis of the data set, is discussed. An overview is provided of the status and tracking system that was developed and of the data base maintenance and operational task. The archiving of the LACIE data is explained.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 163-167
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 75
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Ancillary data acquisition for LACIE (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The design, implementation, and operational functions of the three phases of LACIE supported the data needs of all other elements of the project and required several types of data in addition to LANDSAT multispectral digital data. The nonelectronic data base consisted of statistical data, printed reports, periodicals, ground observed data received from intensive test sites and operational segments, and full-frame multispectral scanner CIR photographs. The following data were collected for the test sites in the United States and Canada: land use inventories, periodic crop observations, solar radiometer measurements, rainfall, and wheat yield for selected fields.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 157-162
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Acquisition and preprocessing of LANDSAT data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The original configuration of the GSFC data acquisition, preprocessing, and transmission subsystem, designed to provide LANDSAT data inputs to the LACIE system at JSC, is described. Enhancements made to support LANDSAT -2, and modifications for LANDSAT -3 are discussed. Registration performance throughout the 3 year period of LACIE operations satisfied the 1 pixel root-mean-square requirements established in 1974, with more than two of every three attempts at data registration proving successful, notwithstanding cosmetic faults or content inadequacies to which the process is inherently susceptible. The cloud/snow rejection rate experienced throughout the last 3 years has approached 50%, as expected in most LANDSAT data use situations.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 147-155
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Manual interpretation of LANDSAT data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The task of the analyst throughout LACIE phases 1 and 2 consisted of outlining representative areas (fields) for all spectral classes within a segment on the basis of their appearance on the LANDSAT image products, and then labeling the crop type (wheat/nonwheat) within the selected training areas. For LACIE phase 3, a procedure was developed and implemented which incorporated clustering for spectral class definition and training statistics generation. The only analyst's task was crop type identification. The logical processes involved in interpretation are described, rather than a step-by-step description of analyst procedures.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 131-146
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Accuracy assessment: The statistical approach to performance evaluation in LACIE (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: A statistical methodology was developed to check the accuracy of the products of the experimental operations throughout crop growth and to determine whether the procedures are adequate to accomplish the desired accuracy and reliability goals. It has allowed the identification and isolation of key problems in wheat area yield estimation, some of which have been corrected and some of which remain to be resolved. The major unresolved problem in accuracy assessment is that of precisely estimating the bias of the LACIE production estimator. Topics covered include: (1) evaluation techniques; (2) variance and bias estimation for the wheat production estimate; (3) the 90/90 evaluation; (4) comparison of the LACIE estimate with reference standards; and (5) first and second order error source investigations.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 115-130
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Development of LACIE CCEA-1 weather/wheat yield models (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The advantages and disadvantages of the casual (phenological, dynamic, physiological), statistical regression, and analog approaches to modeling for grain yield are examined. Given LACIE's primary goal of estimating wheat production for the large areas of eight major wheat-growing regions, the statistical regression approach of correlating historical yield and climate data offered the Center for Climatic and Environmental Assessment the greatest potential return within the constraints of time and data sources. The basic equation for the first generation wheat-yield model is given. Topics discussed include truncation, trend variable, selection of weather variables, episodic events, strata selection, operational data flow, weighting, and model results.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 99-108
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 80
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Growth stage estimation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Of the three candidate approaches to adjustment of the crop calendar to account for year-to-year weather differences, the Robertson triquadratic unit, a function of a nonlinear function of maximum and minimum temperature and day length, best described the rate of phenological development of wheat. The adjustable crop calendar (ACC) as implemented for LACIE is used to calculate the daily increment of development through six physiological stages of growth. Topics covered include dormancy modeling, the spring restart model, spring wheat starter model, winter starter model, winter wheat starter model, inclusion of the moisture variable, and display of crop stage estimation results. Assessment of the ACC accuracy over the period of LACIE operation indicates that the adjustable crop calendars used provided more accurate information than would have been available using historical norms. The models performed best under the conditions from which they were derived (Canadian spring wheat) and most poorly for the dwarf varieties and Southern Hemisphere applications.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 109-114
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE registration processing (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The basic requirements for the LACIE processing system are to extract specified test sites (sample segments) from LANDSAT MSS data, and to apply geometric corrections and perform correlations to ensure registration between successive data acquisitions to within 1 pixel (root mean square). The general flow within the LACIE processing system is described with emphasis on (1) determination of line and pixel location of a search area within an MSS frame; (2) determination of the geometric correction coefficient and the application of geometric corrections; (3) edge detection; and (4) correlation by coincidence of edges.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 87-97
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Classification and mensuration of LACIE segments (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The theory of classification methods and the functional steps in the manual training process used in the three phases of LACIE are discussed. The major problems that arose in using a procedure for manually training a classifier and a method of machine classification are discussed to reveal the motivation that led to a redesign for the third LACIE phase.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 73-86
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Large area aggregation and mean-squared prediction error estimation for LACIE yield and production forecasts (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Aggregation formulas are given for production estimation of a crop type for a zone, a region, and a country, and methods for estimating yield prediction errors for the three areas are described. A procedure is included for obtaining a combined yield prediction and its mean-squared error estimate for a mixed wheat pseudozone.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 67-71
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 84
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE large area acreage estimation (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: A sample wheat acreage for a large area is obtained by multiplying its small grains acreage estimate as computed by the classification and mensuration subsystem by the best available ratio of wheat to small grains acreages obtained from historical data. In the United States, as in other countries with detailed historical data, an additional level of aggregation was required because sample allocation was made at the substratum level. The essential features of the estimation procedure for LACIE countries are included along with procedures for estimating wheat acreage in the United States.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 57-65
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE area sampling frame and sample selection (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Transparent acetate overlays containing agricultural boundaries within each of the LACIE countries were prepared and registered to operational navigation charts (ONC's). Full frame LANDSAT color-infrared images of the same scale as the ONC's (1:1 million) were used to identify agricultural boundaries based on discernible agricultural field patterns. Preliminary steps taken in the preparation of the base map overlay, and the construction of an overlay of the base map physical features are described as well as the construction of the agricultural and nonagricultural delineation overlay.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 53-56
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LACIE sampling design (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: The sampling design in LACIE consisted of two major components, one for wheat acreage estimation and one for wheat yield prediction. The acreage design was basically a classical survey for which the sampling unit was a 5- by 6-nautical mile segment; however, there were complications caused by measurement errors and loss of data. Yield was predicted by sampling meteorological data from weather stations within a region and then using those data as input to previously fitted regression equations. Wheat production was not estimated directly, but was computed by multiplying yield and acreage estimates. The allocation of samples to countries is discussed as well as the allocation and selection of segments in strata/substrata.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 47-52
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 87
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Econometric models for predicting confusion crop ratios (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: Results for both the United States and Canada show that econometric models can provide estimates of confusion crop ratios that are more accurate than historical ratios. Whether these models can support the LACIE 90/90 accuracy criterion is uncertain. In the United States, experimenting with additional model formulations could provide improved methods models in some CRD's, particularly in winter wheat. Improved models may also be possible for the Canadian CD's. The more aggressive province/state models outperformed individual CD/CRD models. This result was expected partly because acreage statistics are based on sampling procedures, and the sampling precision declines from the province/state to the CD/CRD level. Declining sampling precision and the need to substitute province/state data for the CD/CRD data introduced measurement error into the CD/CRD models.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 19-46
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Sampling, aggregation, and variance estimation for area, yield, and production in LACIE (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-08
    Description: An approximately 2% sampling error was achieved in LACIE by sampling only approximately 2% of the sampling frame. The sample design in the yardstick region for which historical data were available down to a substratum level to support missing data resulting from cloud cover provided the most accurate estimate possible. The implemented strategy provided data of sufficient quality and quantity to support required performance levels and also to satisfy the existing constraints. The allocation scheme appeared to provide the most efficient usage of the available data and gave segment coverage of major producing areas and thus improved the probability of an accurate estimate.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Proc. of Tech. Sessions, Vol. 1 and 2; p 3-18
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Heat Capacity Mapping Radiometer (HCMR) data processing algorithm, calibration, and flight performance evaluation (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The rationale and procedures used in the radiometric calibration and correction of Heat Capacity Mapping Mission (HCMM) data are presented. Instrument-level testing and calibration of the Heat Capacity Mapping Radiometer (HCMR) were performed by the sensor contractor ITT Aerospace/Optical Division. The principal results are included. From the instrumental characteristics and calibration data obtained during ITT acceptance tests, an algorithm for post-launch processing was developed. Integrated spacecraft-level sensor calibration was performed at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) approximately two months before launch. This calibration provided an opportunity to validate the data calibration algorithm. Instrumental parameters and results of the validation are presented and the performances of the instrument and the data system after launch are examined with respect to the radiometric results. Anomalies and their consequences are discussed. Flight data indicates a loss in sensor sensitivity with time. The loss was shown to be recoverable by an outgassing procedure performed approximately 65 days after the infrared channel was turned on. It is planned to repeat this procedure periodically.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E84-10153 , NASA-TM-80258 , NAS 1.15:80258
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    LANDSAT's role in HUD 701 programs (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A survey of states concerning the use of LANDSAT in support of the comprehensive planning assistance program (Title IV, section 701) of the Housing and Community Development Act (1974) which is aimed mostly at small communities and rural counties, shows: (1) state governments used or were aware of the application of LANDSAT for inventorying land use and land cover at the state and local level; (2) use of satellite data was associated with the development of automated geographic information systems and the computer capability of handling and analyzing mapped information and other data tied to geographic coordinates and boundaries; and (3) LANDSAT capabilities in states tend to be institutionalized within state government information services where they can be readily assessed by state agencies. A summary of the state program for New Jersey and South Dakota is presented along with the state development guide plans, the rationale for using the satellite, and potential applications.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10146 , NASA-TM-82383
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 91
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Simulation studies of the application of SEASAT data in weather and state of sea forecasting models (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The design and analysis of SEASAT simulation studies in which the error structure of conventional analyses and forecasts is modeled realistically are presented. The development and computer implementation of a global spectral ocean wave model is described. The design of algorithms for the assimilation of theoretical wind data into computers and for the utilization of real wind data and wave height data in a coupled computer system are presented.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-160085
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Multistage variable probability forest volume inventory (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The net board foot volume (Scribner log rule) of the standing Ponderosa pine timber on the Defiance Unit of the Navajo Nation's forested land was estimated using a multistage forest volume inventory scheme with variable sample selection probabilities. The inventory designed to accomplish this task required that both LANDSAT MSS digital data and aircraft acquired data be used to locate one acre ground splits, which were subsequently visited by ground teams conducting detailed tree measurements using an optical dendrometer. The dendrometer measurements were then punched on computer input cards and were entered in a computer program developed by the U.S. Forest Service. The resulting individual tree volume estimates were then expanded through the use of a statistically defined equation to produce the volume estimate for the entire area which includes 192,026 acres and is approximately a 44% the total forested area of the Navajo Nation.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10037 , NASA-TM-82198 , ERL-179
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Remote sensing and image interpretation (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A textbook prepared primarily for use in introductory courses in remote sensing is presented. Topics covered include concepts and foundations of remote sensing; elements of photographic systems; introduction to airphoto interpretation; airphoto interpretation for terrain evaluation; photogrammetry; radiometric characteristics of aerial photographs; aerial thermography; multispectral scanning and spectral pattern recognition; microwave sensing; and remote sensing from space.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10036 , NASA-CR-163531 , LC-78-27846
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A method for the processing and analysis of digital terrain elevation data (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A method is presented for the processing and analysis of digital topography data that can subsequently be entered in an interactive data base in the form of slope, slope length, elevation, and aspect angle. A discussion of the data source and specific descriptions of the data processing software programs are included. In addition, the mathematical considerations involved in the registration of raw digitized coordinate points to the UTM coordinate system are presented. Scale factor considerations are also included. Results of the processing and analysis are illustrated using the Shiprock and Gallup Quadrangle test data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10030 , NASA-TM-82187 , ERL-177
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Evaluation of three techniques for classifying urban land cover patterns using LANDSAT MSS data (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Three computer quantitative techniques for determining urban land cover patterns are evaluated. The techniques examined deal with the selection of training samples by an automated process, the overlaying of two scenes from different seasons of the year, and the use of individual pixels as training points. Evaluation is based on the number and type of land cover classes generated and the marks obtained from an accuracy test. New Orleans, Louisiana and its environs form the study area.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10007 , NASA-CR-163511 , REPT-178
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Surveying the area of deforestation of the Amazon by LANDSAT satellite imagery (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: LANDSAT imagery was used to determine the amount of deforestation in a study area comprising 55 million hectares of the Amazon region. Results show that more than 4 million hectares were deforested. Maps and pictures of the deforested area in relation to the total area of the Amazon are included.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E81-10049 , NASA-CR-163759 , INPE-1411-NTE/142
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Active remote sensing of layered random media (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Analytical expressions for the backscattering cross sections have been derived for active remote sensing of an arbitrary number of random layers. These results are applicable to the interpretation of radar backscattering from vegetation and snow-ice fields. We illustrate the results by matching experimental data using the model of a three-layer random medium with air above and ground below.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience Electronics; GE-17; Oct. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Analysis and simulated diagenesis of kerogen in a recent bottom mud from Mono Lake, California - A comparison with selected ancient kerogens (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta; 43; Dec. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Petrographic and chemical characterization of igneous lithic clasts from mesosiderites and howardites and comparison with eucrites and diogenites (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Petrographic, electron microprobe, and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) studies of igneous lithic clasts separated from mesosiderites and howardites and INAA investigation of whole rock eucrites and diogenites are presented. The trace element abundances in basaltic lithic clasts indicate more complex differentiation episodes than in eucrites which include sequential melting and expulsion of liquid from the source region and remelting of cumulate materials. Pyroxenites from mesosiderites show slight enrichments in Sc and Mn than diogenites suggesting that these pyroxenites are not fragments of diogenites. It is concluded that the heat source characteristics are spatially and temporally variable, suggesting that heating of the differentiated meteorite parent bodies may have partly come from outside the parent body.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta; 43; Dec. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Post-shock temperatures in minerals (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An experimental technique for the measurement of post-shock temperatures in minerals is presented, and silicate post-shock temperature measurements are compared with theoretical calculations. The technique involves the use of infrared detectors to determine the brightness temperatures at 4.5 to 5.75 microns and 7 to 14 microns of samples shocked to between 5 and 30 GPa. Results obtained for aluminum 2024 and stainless steel 304, as well as for Bamble bronzite and synthetic crystal forsterite are found at low pressures to be considerably in excess of the temperatures predicted assuming a hydrodynamic rheology and isentropic release parallel to the Hugoniot. The results are shown to be in better agreement, however, with values calculated assuming elastoplastic behavior, and the post-shock temperatures of crystalline quartz are found to be in good agreement with those calculated by Mashimo et al. (1979) from release adiabat data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Geophysical Journal; 58; 1979
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...